1.) what is the optimal pH for pepsin? where is pepsin found?

2.) what is the optimal pH for salivary amylase? what substrate does it act on? where is it found?

Answer:

The safety an​d effectiveness of vaccines​ are under constant study. Because vaccines are designed to be given routinely during well-child care visits, they must be extraordinarily safe. Safety testing begins as soon as a new vaccine is contemplated, continues until it is licensed, and is monitored indefinitely after licensure.

Explanation:

Answer:

well

Explanation:

Before a vaccine is ever recommended for use, it’s tested in labs. This process can take several years. FDA uses the information from these tests to decide whether to test the vaccine with people.

During a clinical trial, a vaccine is tested on people who volunteer to get vaccinated. Clinical trials usually start with 20 to 100 volunteers, but eventually include thousands of volunteers. These tests can take several years and answer important questions like:

Answer:

please give me brainlist and follow

Explanation:

Following fertilization the embryonic stage of development continues until the end of the 10th week (gestational age) (8th week fertilization age). The first two weeks from fertilization is also referred to as the germinal stage or preembryonic stage.

Answer:

Embryo

Explanation:

When its organ systems start to develop, it's called the embryonic period. Hence, the correct term will be embryo.

hope this helps and is right. p.s i really need brainliest :)

if my answer is wrong then I am incredibly sorry!

Answer: 1. Human beings have certain basic needs. We must have food, water, air, and shelter to survive. If any one of these basic needs is not met, then humans cannot survive.  2. In order to survive, animals need air, water, food, and shelter (protection from predators and the environment); plants need air, water, nutrients, and light. Every organism has its own way of making sure its basic needs are met. 3.Humans and Animals both have similar social skills. ...

We have facial expression similar to that of a mouse. ...

We talk things while sleeping just like dolphins. ...

Just like Humans, Cows also have regional accents. ...

Dolphins, just like Humans get occasionally high.

Explanation:

The statement given "all gpcrs share a similar structure composed of seven transmembrane helices. " is true because all GPCRs share a similar structure composed of seven transmembrane helices" is true.

GPCRs, or G-protein coupled receptors, are a large family of cell surface receptors that play a crucial role in cellular signaling. These receptors share a common structural characteristic of having seven transmembrane helices, which are alpha-helical segments that span the cell membrane. The seven transmembrane helices are arranged in a bundle-like fashion and create a pocket within the cell membrane where ligands can bind and initiate signaling cascades.

This common structural feature of GPCRs is essential for their function and allows them to interact with intracellular G proteins and transmit signals across the cell membrane.

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Answer: An invasive species is the one which compete for resources with the native species.

Explanation:

Wild Parsnip is an invasive species of plant in Europe and Asia. It grows on the roadside and the seeds of the plant disperse very easily by wind and water agents. It spreads easily and compete with native species for resources like soil nutrients, water, and others. It produces a chemical that causes rash in the human skin and the human skin becomes sensitive to sunlight resulting in development of blisters and rashes on the skin.

Answer:

came from Europe and Asia

invaded the entire state of Wisconsin

can burn your skin

reproduces rapidly

can be removed at root or with a powered brush cutter for large populations

Explanation:

Answer:

The atmospheric layers start from the ground level of the earth and rise up to a certain height according to its temperature, pressure, composition, and other properties. From the ground level they are:

Troposphere:- (0 -12 km) or (0 to 7 miles)

Stratosphere:- (12 -50 km) or (7 to 31 miles)

Mesosphere:- (50 -80 km) or (31 to 50 miles)

Thermosphere:- (80 -700 km) or (50 to 440 miles)

Exosphere:- (700 -10000 km) or (440 to 6200 miles)

Explanation:

Answer:

this is the answer

Explanation:

Skeletal muscle cells have an increased number of mitochondria and an extensive network of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, while small intestine cells involved in nutrient absorption possess numerous microvilli and an extensive network of ER and Golgi apparatus.

Skeletal muscle cells, responsible for generating force and facilitating movement, possess unique organelle modifications that suit their function. These cells contain an increased number of mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, which generate ATP to fuel muscle contractions.

The abundance of mitochondria ensures a continuous supply of energy to meet the high demands of muscle activity. Additionally, skeletal muscle cells possess an extensive network of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), a specialized type of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The SR stores and releases calcium ions, crucial for muscle contraction and relaxation.

Cells in the small intestines that are involved in nutrient absorption exhibit specific organelle adaptations to maximize their efficiency. These cells feature numerous microvilli, tiny finger-like projections on their surface that greatly increase their surface area. This enlarged surface area allows for enhanced absorption of nutrients from the digested food passing through the intestines.

Moreover, these cells contain an extensive network of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus, which are involved in protein synthesis, modification, and transport. These organelles facilitate the production and release of digestive enzymes and transport proteins necessary for nutrient absorption.

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Human speech consists of a series of sounds called phonemes, roughly corresponding to the sounds of each letter of the alphabet.

Human speech consists of a series of sounds called phonemes, roughly corresponding to the sounds of each letter of the alphabet. Phonemes are the smallest unit of sound that can change the meaning of a word. For example, the difference between "cat" and "bat" is the sound of the first letter, which represents the phoneme /k/ or /b/.There are approximately 44 phonemes in English, although the exact number can vary depending on the dialect or accent. These phonemes can be combined to form syllables, words, and sentences, allowing humans to communicate complex ideas with one another. The English alphabet, which has 26 letters, represents some but not all of the phonemes found in the language. Some letters, such as "c," "q," and "x," can represent multiple phonemes depending on the word they are used in. Other sounds, such as the glottal stop (represented by the symbol /ʔ/), do not have a corresponding letter in the English alphabet. Humans have been using speech as a means of communication for thousands of years, and the development of the alphabet has allowed for a standardized way of representing the sounds of human language.

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Answer:

strike-slip is when the blocks have mostly moved horizontally, normal is when a dip-slip fault in which the block above the fault has moved downward relative to the block below, and thrust is when the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall.

There are three faults. Normal faults originate from the divergent boundary. Reverse faults originate from the convergent boundary. Strike-slip fault originate from transforming boundary.

We can differenciate three types of faults,

I. Divergent:

This boundary occurs when two plates separate and molten material rises from the mantle creating a new crust.

The hot material creates a new seabed between the separating plates, expanding the sea bottom.

II. Convergent.

Collision area between two plates. Two oceanic plates might collide, or one oceanic plate with a continental one.

In this last case, the oceanic crust sinks under the continental plate, and magma rises to the surface by crevices.

The thicker and older plate subduces under the other plate.

III. Transforming.

The plates slide laterally with each other, and they are usually called faults.

It is associated, in general, with the oceanic ridge, although it might also occur in the continental plate.

No rocky material is either destroyed or formed.

When the plates move and produce a displacement of one transforming limits from side to side, earthquakes occur.

The movement breaks the crust and originates pronounced fractures.

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Answer:

C sorry if im wrong

Explanation:

.

When it comes to striping turf, the following species should be placed in the correct order from easiest to most difficult:

___ Perennial Ryegrass

___ Turf-type tall fescue

___ Hybrid bermudagrass

___ St. Augustinegrass

What is striping turf?

Striping turf is the process of mowing turfgrass in contrasting patterns, resulting in a striped lawn. Turfgrass stripe is the result of light reflecting off the turfgrass blade's various angles, producing a dark and light effect that gives the stripes their appearance. Striping can be done on any lawn but is most commonly done on large open spaces where the stripes can be seen easily.

Here are the species of turfgrass in the correct order from easiest to most difficult:

Perennial Ryegrass: Perennial ryegrass is easy to stripe, and its appearance can last up to three years. It is a cool-season grass that is ideal for winter sports fields, but it can be used as a permanent lawn.

Turf-type tall fescue: Turf-type tall fescue is a cool-season grass that is easy to stripe. Its dark green color is striking, making it a popular choice for golf course fairways.

Hybrid bermudagrass: Hybrid bermudagrass can be more difficult to stripe due to its fine blades and fast growth rate. It is a warm-season grass that is popular in the southern US due to its tolerance for heat and drought.

St. Augustinegrass: St. Augustinegrass has a thick, dense growth pattern that makes it challenging to stripe. It is a warm-season grass that is popular in the southern US due to its tolerance for shade and salt.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Sunrise you will see a full moon

Answer:

Evolution leads to biodiversity by changing the genetic code of organisms. When evolution leads to biodiversoty its called natural selection. It slowly decreases the popluation of organisms that are less adapted to survive in the world, and increas the population of more strong and adaptable organisms.

For example if there is a pink bird and a white bird, the white bird's population will increase due to its adaptation of camoflauge, and the pink bird will die out because it will be spotted by predators easily. Therefore the species of the white bird will become more common

Explanation:

The cap structure or Capping protects coding sequences at the 5' end of mRNA from degradation.

The cap structure refers to a modified nucleotide structure added to the 5' end of eukaryotic mRNA molecules during transcription. It consists of a modified guanine nucleotide (known as the 7-methylguanosine cap) attached to the mRNA via a unique linkage. This cap structure plays several important roles, including protecting the mRNA from degradation by exonucleases.

Exonucleases are enzymes that degrade RNA molecules by cleaving nucleotides from the ends. By adding the cap structure to the 5' end of mRNA, it provides protection by preventing exonucleases from recognizing and degrading the mRNA from this end. Additionally, the cap structure is involved in other processes such as mRNA export from the nucleus, translation initiation, and recognition by the ribosome during protein synthesis.

In summary, the cap structure protects coding sequences at the 5' end of mRNA from degradation by exonucleases and plays crucial roles in mRNA stability and translation.

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Answer:

prefix meaning for "mono" means "one and "tri" means three

These are good words for a disorder missing a chromosome (mono) or having an extra (tri) since it is litterally telling you it either has 3 or 1 chromosome

Answer:

Their DNA.

Explanation:

Our DNA is the blueprint of how we are made. This separates us from other organisms.

Answer:

because of DNA and non similarities inherited by the parent

Answer:

Forethought

Explanation: Basically means planning ahead of time in order to know what to do when you are faced in a situation or event that will happen in the future

Answer:

The answer is C. Forethought

Explanation:

Of the 6 carbons in a starting molecule of glucose, at the completion of pyruvate oxidation, four carbons are fully oxidized to CO2, while two carbons remain in acetyl groups.

Option C: Four; CO2; two; CoA is the correct answer. Pyruvate oxidation is the second stage of cellular respiration, a process that breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP.The process of pyruvate oxidation involves the breakdown of pyruvate (a 3-carbon molecule) into a 2-carbon molecule (acetyl-CoA) that can enter the next stage of cellular respiration, the citric acid cycle. Here, the acetyl-CoA is combined with a molecule of oxaloacetate (a 4-carbon molecule) to form a 6-carbon molecule called citrate.

More than 100 species of bacteria and archaea use pyruvate oxidation as part of their metabolic process.

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Answer: honeybees are one of the most important pollinators in the world, we do have others but without bees many crops, and plants will die and that will result in animals dying.

Explanation:

Photosynthesis is the process by which energy is converted to chemical energy in plant cells. In cellular respiration plants use the chemical energy stored during photosynthesis in basic life processes. During both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, energy is converted. Plant management also relies on light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.

Protein translocation differs from protein secretion in that Translocation refers to movement from the cytoplasm to or across the plasma membrane, whereas secretion refers to movement of the protein to the exterior of the cell. (Option a)

Protein translocation and protein secretion are two different processes that involve the movement of proteins within or across cellular membranes.

Protein translocation refers to the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm to a specific location within the cell or across the plasma membrane. It can involve the insertion of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, transport into mitochondria or chloroplasts, or movement across other organelle membranes. Translocation typically occurs during protein synthesis and involves the guidance of signal sequences that direct the protein to the appropriate destination.

On the other hand, protein secretion refers to the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm to the exterior of the cell. This process involves the transport of proteins through the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and secretory vesicles, eventually releasing the proteins outside the cell. Protein secretion is important for the release of various molecules such as hormones, enzymes, and antibodies into the extracellular space.

Therefore, option a. accurately describes the difference between protein translocation and protein secretion, where translocation refers to movement from the cytoplasm to or across the plasma membrane, while secretion refers to movement of the protein to the exterior of the cell.

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The statement b. The general public lacks a basic understanding of science, and particularly, how the body functions. c. Promoters often spread false information that fosters consumers' mistrust of the scientific community explains why there is so much nutrition and health misinformation.

The prevalence of nutrition and health misinformation can be attributed to multiple factors, including the use of pseudoscience in promotions, a lack of basic scientific understanding among the general public, the spread of false information by promoters fostering mistrust of the scientific community, and the perceived failure of conventional medical care to significantly improve the health of many Americans.

1. Promoters' Use of Pseudoscience: One reason for the abundance of nutrition and health misinformation is the utilization of pseudoscience by promoters. They may employ misleading or false scientific claims in their advertisements, making it challenging for consumers to distinguish between evidence-based information and unsupported claims.

2. Lack of Basic Scientific Understanding: The general public's limited understanding of science, particularly regarding how the human body functions, contributes to the dissemination of misinformation. Without a solid foundation in scientific principles, individuals may struggle to critically evaluate the accuracy and validity of health-related information they come across.

3. Spread of False Information and Mistrust: Promoters of certain products or alternative health practices may intentionally spread false information, which can foster distrust in the scientific community. This misinformation campaign can create confusion and skepticism among consumers, making it difficult for them to differentiate between reliable and unreliable sources.

4. Perceived Failure of Conventional Medical Care: Over time, some individuals may develop skepticism towards conventional medical care if they feel it has not significantly improved their health or addressed their specific concerns. This perception can lead them to seek alternative sources of information, sometimes from dubious sources, contributing to the propagation of misinformation.

It's important to note that the reasons mentioned above are not exhaustive, and other factors such as profit motives, media influence, and the complexity of nutrition and health science can also contribute to the prevalence of misinformation.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer:

It offers insight: With genetic testing, “we’re targeting the coding part of the gene that is relevant to your particular disease,” Aatre says. That, she notes, involves reading a DNA sequence from start to finish to see if there are any “interruptions/disruptions” — mutations associated with the disease in question — that stop the gene from making normal proteins.

Testing can be costly: The price of genetic testing ranges from a few hundred dollars to several thousand dollars. “They’re cheaper than they used to be but are still very expensive,” Aatre says. Still, insurance typically covers such tests for newborns and expectant mothers, as well as patients with a documented personal or family history or a physician’s recommendation.

Explanation:

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Answer:

A-C

Explanation:

Hello There!

Remember these are the complementary base pairs

Adenine and Thymine (so the 2nd and 4th one are correct base pairs)

Cytosine and Guanine ( so the 3rd one is a correct base pair)

Hence, A-C would be the incorrect base pair because like stated previously Adenine pairs with thymine not cytosine

Answer:2

Explanation:

Frequency is defined as repetitive occurrences per unit of time. The frequency of a 6.43 x 10⁻⁵ m wave is 4.67 × 10 ¹³  hertz.

Frequency is given as the ratio of the wave speed (c) to the wavelength (λ).

υ = c ÷ λ

Given,

Speed of light (c) = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/s

Wavelength (λ) = 6.43 x 10⁻⁵ m

Substituting the values above,

υ = 3.00 x 10⁸m/s ÷ 6.43 x 10⁻⁵ m

= 4.67 × 10 ¹³ per sec

Therefore, 4.67 × 10 ¹³ Hz is the frequency.

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Answer:

Biston betularia f. typica, the white-bodied peppered moth.

Typica and carbonaria morphs on the same tree. ...

Creationists have disputed the occurrence or significance of the melanic carbonaria morph increasing in frequency