8. A cladogram is shown below.
a) What is the outgroup of this cladogram? (2 points)
b) Name all of the traits that the mackerel has, based on this cladogram. (3 points)
c) Which trait evolved first, lungs or hair? Explain how you know. (3 pojnts)
Answers
Here the outgroup is a protozoa, and all of the traits that the mackerel has are a jaw, a segmented body, and a multicellular body. Lungs evolved first as frog has lungs and then hair evolved.
What is a cladogram?A cladogram is a diagram used in cladistics, which is a method of analyzing biological relationships based on shared, derived traits. It is a branching diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. The organisms are grouped into clades, which are defined by shared derived characteristics, or synapomorphies. Synapomorphies are traits that have evolved from a common ancestor and are present in all of its descendants.
Hence, the outgroup is a protozoa, and all of the traits that the mackerel has are a jaw, a segmented body, and a multicellular body. Lungs evolved first as frog has lungs and then hair evolved.
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Related Questions
In twenty years, if development and impervious surfaces increase to over 30% of the land area in the watershed, explain how the increased stormwater runoff into the river and its tributaries could affect the macroinvertebrates and water quality of the Little Gunpowder River ecosystem.
Answers
The increase in the flow of solid particles into the water will upset the delicate balance in the ecosystem.
What is storm water?The term storm water is used to describe the water that drains out after a rainfall. It usually contains many particle which could upset a river ecosystem.
If there is an to over 30% of impervious surfaces, more solid particles will flow into water and could destroy the small invertebrates in water thereby upsetting the balance in the ecosystem as small fishes may no longer fond food to eat.
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how do organs work together to form specific functions
Answers
Answer:
Sistemas orgánicos
Explanation:
Aunque cada órgano del cuerpo realiza sus funciones específicas, los órganos también funcionan juntos por grupos, a los que se denomina sistemas orgánicos (ver Principales sistemas orgánicos). Los médicos clasifican las enfermedades y sus propias especialidades médicas de acuerdo a los diferentes sistemas orgánicos.
Name three signs that the climate changing
Answers
Explanation:
The three signs that the climate changing are :---
•Higher Temperatures.
•More Droughts.
•Wilder Weather.
Drag each tile to the correct box.
order the steps through which atp synthesis occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in plants.
hydrogen ions diffuse across
the thylakoid membrane into the
stroma through atp synthase.
1
atp synthase uses the energy
released as hydrogen ions move
from regions of high concentration
to regions of low concentration
to make atp
electrons move down the electron
transport chain releasing energy
lol
Answers
The correct order of steps through which ATP synthesis occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis in plants are given below:
Energy from the sun ejects electrons from chlorophyll and splits water molecules to yield hydrogen ions.Electrons move down the electron transport chain, releasing energy that pumps hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space.The concentration of hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space increases.Hydrogen ions diffuse across the thylakoid membrane into the stroma through ATP synthase.ATP synthase uses the energy released as hydrogen ions move from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration to make ATP.What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis may be defined as a reaction that utilizes the carbon dioxide present in the environment and makes foods (glucose) in plants in the presence of sunlight.
The other two options which are not given in the question are:
Energy from the sun ejects electrons from chlorophyll and splits water molecules to yield hydrogen ions.The concentration of hydrogen ions in the thylakoid space increases.Therefore, it is well described above.
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This system controls everything you do:
Answers
Answer:
The Nervous system
Explanation:
The Nervous system controls complex processes like movement, thought, and memory. It also plays an essential role in the things your body does without thinking, such as breathing, blushing, and blinking.
which mammal didnt become extinct during the Cenoozoic era
Answers
Answer:
rodents and small horses
In butterflies, black wings are dominant over yellow wings. Use the Punnett Square to determine the possible genotypes and phenotypes if you cross two heterozygous butterflies. Use the letter B for your alleles.
Answers
The genotypes are one BB, two Bb, and one bb and the phenotype is three black and one yellow wing butterfly.
What are the genotype and phenotypes of the offspring?The genotype and phenotypes of the offspring are determined using a Punnett square as follows:
Let B be black wing and b be yellow wings.
The cross between two heterozygous butterflies is:
Bb × Bb = BB, Bb,Bb, bbBlack is dominant over yellow wings.
Therefore, the genotypes are one BB, two Bb, and one bb and the phenotype is three black and one yellow wing butterfly.
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5. The burning of fossil fuels has increased the carbon dioxide content of the
atmosphere. What is a possible effect that the increased amount of carbon
dioxide is likely to have on our planet? (SC.6.E.7.9; SC.E.6.7.6)
a. A warmer climate
b. A cooler climate
c. Lower relative humidity
d. More ozone in the atmosphere
Answers
One of the possible effects of increased carbon dioxide concentration on our planet would be a warmer climate.
Greenhouse effectCarbon dioxide is one of the numerous greenhouse gases that exist in nature. The gases are responsible for the warming of the planet.
Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases form a blanket layer in the atmosphere and trap some of the reflected solar radiations from the sun, preventing them from escaping back to space.
The more the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, the more the solar radiation that is trapped and the warmer the earth gets.
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1. which phrase describes how biological chemicals provide evidence to support that life changes over time?
a) some animals exhibit similar structures, possibly due to a common ancestor
b) some animals exhibit similar stages of embryonic development
c) some animals exhibit similar proteins
d) some animals exhibit structures that are no longer used for any purpose
2. which phrase describes how homologous structures provide evidence to support that life changes over time?
a) some animals exhibit structures that are no longer used for any purpose
b) some animals exhibit similar stages of embryonic development
c) some animals exhibit similar structures, possibly due to a common ancestor
d) some fossils exhibit similar biological proteins
Answers
The statements 'animals exhibit similar proteins' (Option C, question 1) and 'exhibit similar structures due to a common ancestor' (Option C, question 2) support life changes over time.
What is evolution?Evolution refers to descendence with modification, which means that proteins are similar in related species.
Protein building blocks (amino acids) can also change over evolutionary time due to descendence with modification.
In conclusion, the statements 'animals exhibit similar proteins' and 'exhibit similar structures due to a common ancestor' support life changes over time.
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HELPPP ASAP!! A population of skunks lives in a woodland habitat. The skunks are unable to leave the habitat because of a large mountain. Describe two reasons this population is not at Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
Answers
Some of the conditions are there that must be met for a population or an allele to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation are:
1. The population of species must be very large.
2. There must be no migration and population must be isolated in a species.
3. There must be no mutations in a population of species.
4. There must be random mating, which means there are no mating preferences.
So, a population will not be according to Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium if it is small, or there are , which is not raised, but mutations are expected to occur in future. Skunks can also migrate to another region of a woods despite the presence of a large mountain. As a result of possible mutations and migrations, the population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
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What happens to the products of the Krebs cycle? (Answer options are in photo)
Answers
Answer:
A. 1st one (Most Becomes Reactants in the electron transport chain
Explanation:
drive the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
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If the chordae tendineae in the right side of the heart were damaged, it might cause blood to leak into the:
Answers
Answer:
Right Atrium
Explanation:
Chordae tendinae are located in the ventricles of the heart. Their function is to prevent the valves between the ventricles and atria from opening the wrong way. Damage to them would cause the valve flaps to open during ventricular systole, sending blood back into the atria.
When one DNA molecule is copied to make two new DNA molecules, the resulting DNA molecules contain A) none of the parent DNA. B) 50% of the parent DNA. C) 75% of the parent DNA. D) 100% of the parent DNA
Answers
Answer:
50% of the parents DNA
Explanation:
This is because the new DNA molecule contains a parent strand and a new daughter strand. The parent strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new strand reason why DNA replication is said to be a semi-conservative process.
In addition to cytoplasm, most human body cells also have.
Answers
Answer:
Nucleus
Explanation:
There are many answers but some are :
Nucleus , Cell membrane , mitochondria , ribosomes
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All cells contain cytoplasm, which is made up of cytosol, a jelly-like substance. The cytosol holds the internal structures in suspension.
What is the function of cell organelle in different cells?In addition to the nucleus, eukaryotic cells also have other organelles. An organelle is a cytoplasmic structure that serves a specialized purpose for the cell.
For instance, organelles called vacuoles store materials in the cell, whereas organelles called mitochondria supply energy.
The space between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope is known as the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus.
The term “cytoplasm” refers to the entire inside the plasma membrane in prokaryotes, which are without a nucleus.
Therefore, Some cells additionally have a nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, and ribosomes in addition to their cytoplasm.
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Where in a eukaryotic cell does the electron transport system operate?
a. cytoplasm
b. matrix of the mitochondrion
c. cristae of the mitochondrion
d. endoplasmic reticulum
Answers
Identify the technique that the scientists used to remove the ZRS DNA from mice and replace it with the ZRS section from snakes
Answers
The techniques used to remove the ZRS DNA from mice and replace it with the ZRS section from snakes are gene editing (CRISPR/CAS9) and gene splicing.
What is CRISPR/CAS9?The CRISPR/CAS9 tool is a genome editing system used in molecular biology laboratories to insert genetic sequences.
The CRISPR/CAS9 system has a high specificity to make genetic modifications in the laboratory.
In conclusion, the techniques used to remove the ZRS DNA from mice and replace it with the ZRS section from snakes are gene editing (CRISPR/CAS9) and gene splicing.
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Make a claim about homologous structure help scientist interpret theory of evolution
Answers
homologous structures can be used to interpret evolution, because they show that different species share common features which must have been inherited from a common ancestor.
These structures have a different function because different species use these parts for different purposes. This supports evolution by supporting the claim that organisms adapt (change) in response to their environment.
Hope that helps, sorry if unclear
PLEASE HELP IM STUCK
Answers
Answer:
C. The Benthic Zone
Explanation:
It is home to lots of species of animals in the zone
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Groups of specialized cells working together are called.
Answers
Evaluate the information in order to construct an argument about the removal of the Conowingo Dam as a solution to address the American Eel
population issue. Your argument should:
• Clearly state your position - either in favor of removing the dam or opposed to its removal as a solution to the problem
• Include evidence-specific environmental, social, and economic costs and benefits related to your position
• Use scientific reasoning to explain how the costs and benefits you have selected support your position.
Answers
Conowingo Dam eliminated the access of the American Eel population to 450 miles of the riverine habitat, thereby the removal of this dam might be beneficial for the species.
What is Conowingo Dam?The Conowingo Dam refers to one of the largest hydroelectric energy plants in the USA (Conowingo city, Maryland).
The American Eel can eat different animals in the riverine habitat such as small fish, crustaceans, shrimp, etc.
In conclusion, Conowingo Dam eliminated the access of the American Eel population to 450 miles of the riverine habitat, thereby the removal of this dam might be beneficial for the species.
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The air that enters and leaves the lungs during one quiet, resting respiratory cycle is called the
B functional residual capacity.
D tidal volume.
Answers
Explain what is happening in this photo in terms of kinetic energy and potential energy.
Include the energy conversions that occur when the penguins eat fish and climb back up
on the glacier. Describe the role of ATP and enzymes in the underlying molecular
processes, including what happens to the free energy of some of the molecules involved
Answers
The photo is NOT found here but kinetic energy increase with movement, whereas potential energy is associated with the storage of energy.
What is kinetic energy?Kinetic energy is a type of motion energy, in this case, associated with cellular work (use of ATP).
ATP is the energy coin of the cell, which stores energy (potential energy) in its phosphate bonds.
In conclusion, the photo is NOT found here but kinetic energy increase with movement, whereas potential energy is associated with the storage of energy.
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When humidity is high Group of answer choices transpiration rates decrease. transpiration rates increase. transpiration ceases altogether. leaves absorb moisture from the air. stomata open wider.
Answers
Answer:
A) Transpiration rates decrease
Which of the following choices is quickly becoming the second leading cause of disease and death in the United States?
alcohol abuse
HIV/AIDS
obesity
drug abuse
Answers
Answer:
HIV/AIDS
Explanation:
IN THE UNITED STATES PEOPLE SLEEP WITH ANIMALS AND THEY CONTACT IT
Which of the following is NOT true concerning warm-up exercises? A. They should be low-intensity. B They should get progressively more intense. C. They should last 20 to 30 minutes. D. They should increase heart rate, breathing, and temperature. Please select the best answer from the choices provided. OA OB ○C OD
Answers
The substance used to separate the proteins from the dna
Answers
DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid, which is insoluble in ethanol. In the process of centrifugation the addition of ethanol can aid to separate protein from its DNA.
What is centrifugation?Centrifugation is a process of separating different molecules in a given sample that have different densities by rotating them in solution around an axis at high speed.
It is the frequently applied techniques in the molecular biology laboratory.
The addition of alcohol or ethanol to the sample followed by centrifugation can separate the proteins from its DNA.
Thus, the substance used to separate the proteins from the DNA is alcohol or ethanol.
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Drinking alcohol during pregnancy negatively impacts development of the fetus because
Answers
Drinking during pregnancy can also cause foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) after birth
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90 POINTS! PLEASE HURRY! Analyze this graph and fill in the blanks with the correct response.
Answers
2. 300
3.200
You’re welcome
During the industrial revolution the population of peppered moths went from white to black in color this was because
Answers
Answer:
During the industrial revolution the population of peppered moths went from white to black in color this was because the trees the peppered moths lived on became darker. Thus, it became easier for predators to find white moths than it was to find black moths.
Explanation:
Question 5 of 10
Human epithelium contains a layer of cube-shaped cells. If the length, height,
and width of such a cell is 1 micrometer (um), what is the cell's ratio of
surface area to volume?
Answers
Answer:
The ratio is 6 to 1
Explanation:
1. a 6 sided cube of 1 mM has a volume of L * W* H (1*1*1=1) 1 mM.
2. a 6 sided cube has a surface area of one face surface area times 6 or (L * W) * 6 = 1mM * 1 mM * 6 = 6
so the ratio of surface to volume is 6/1.