The specific heat capacity of the subtance of mass 345 g is 447.47 J/kgK. And the process is exothermic.
What is specific heat capacity?The specific heat capacity is defined as the quantity of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature increases 1 K (or 1 °C), and its units are J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C).
To calculate the specific heat capacity of the susbtance, we use the formula below.
Formula:
c = Q/(mΔt)......... Equation 1Where:
c = Specific heat capacity of the substancem = Mass of the substanceΔt = Change in temperature.Q = Quantity of heatFrom the question,
Given:
m = 345 g = 0.345 kgΔt = (167.7-45) = 122.7 °CQ = 18.942 kJ = 18942 JSubstitute these values into equation 1
c = 18942/(122.7×0.345)c = 447.47 J/kgK.Since the process absorb heat, it is endothermic.
Hence, the specific heat capacity of the subtance is 447.47 J/kgK. And the process is endothermic.
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If the half-life of a radioactive substance is 950 million years and you have 96
atoms of it, how many half-lives will have passed by the time that 6 atoms of
the substance remain?
OA. 2
OB. 5
OC. 4
O D. 6
SUBMIT
There would be a total of about 4 half lives
What is the half life?Half-life is a term used in nuclear physics and chemistry to describe the amount of time it takes for half of a given quantity of a radioactive substance to decay. It is the time required for half of the original quantity of the substance to undergo radioactive decay.
We know that;
N/No = (1/2)^t/t1/2
6/96 = (1/2)^t/950 * 10^6
(1/2)^4 = (1/2)^t/950 * 10^6
4 = t/950 * 10^6
t = 3.8 * 10^9
Number of half lives = 3.8 * 10^9/950 * 10^6
= 4 half lives
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Help ASAP the question is in the picture
Answer:
1. Pharynx
2. Larnyx
3. Mouth
4. Trachea
5. Lungs
6. Diaphragm
7. Bronchi
8. Alveoli
9. Nasal Cavity
10. Bronchioles
Engineers are evaluating a halogen bulb as a possible solution to lighting a
reading workspace. What criteria might they consider?
Answer:
Factor # 1. Illumination Level: ...
Factor # 2. Uniformity of Illumination: ...
Factor # 3. Colour of Light: ...
Factor # 4. Shadows: ...
Factor # 5. Glare: ...
Factor # 6. Mounting Height: ...
Factor # 7. Spacing of Luminaries: ...
Explanation:
Halogen bulbs are used in working spaces and motor vehicles. To evaluate the working of halogen bulbs engineers has check the gas pressure inside, voltage, weight , life time etc.
What are halogen bulbs?Halogen bulbs are light sources made by halogen gas filled inside. The halogen gas combines with the tungsten vapor inside. Halogen bulbs are efficient in comparison with incandescent bulbs.
Halogen bulbs has higher life time, small and relatively lite weight. Halogen bulbs produces bright white light which is better than the yellowish light of incandescent lights.
The chemical reaction of the halogen cycle is produced when halogen gas and tungsten filament are combined. This reaction can prolong the life and preserve the purity of the bulb.
To evaluate the performance of halogen bulbs, engineers have to check the gas pressures, life time and heat energy released.
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a cylinder with a moveable piston contains 92g of nitrogen. the external pressure is constant at 1.00 atm. the initial temperature is 200k. when the temperature is increased by 92 k, by taking it out of the freezer, the volume will increase, according to the ideal gas law. calculate the work for this process.
The work for the compression process is 3719.3 J.
What is ideal gas law ?
The ideal gas is the virtual gas that chemists and students dream of because it would be much simpler if there weren't some kind of intermolecular force that would complicate the simple law of the ideal gas. An ideal gas is essentially a point cloud moving with constant random linear motion. Its behavior is described by the assumptions described in the kinetic molecular theory of gases. This ideal gas definition contrasts with the non-ideal gas definition. This is because this equation describes how gases actually behave. First, let us consider the ideal gas. The ideal gas law is simply a combination of all the simple gas laws (Boyle's law, Charles' law, Avogadro's law), and if you learn this law, you've learned them all. . The simple gas law can always be derived from the ideal gas equation.
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the structure of one form of boron nitride is represented above. this form of boron nitride is one of the hardest substances known. which of the following best helps explain why boron nitride is so hard?
The structure of one form of boron nitride . this form of boron nitride is one of the hardest substances known as the boron nitride is the network solid of atoms that are covalently bonded with the fixed angle.
The boron nitride is the solid network of covalently bonded atom with fix angle. boron nitride will compressed to a super hard. its hardness based on the lattice work of the boron and the nitrogen atoms.
Thus, The structure of one form of boron nitride . this form of boron nitride is one of the hardest substances known as the boron nitride is the network solid of atoms that are covalently bonded with the fixed angle.
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What volume (in liters, at 298 K and 6.09 atm) of chlorine gas is required to react with 7.44 g of P?
The volume (in litres at 298 K and 6.09 atm) of chlorine gas, Cl₂, that is required to react with 7.44 g of P is 2.41 L
How do I determine the volume of chlorine gas, Cl₂?To determine the volume of the chlorine gas that will react with 7.44 g of P, we shall begin by obtaining the mole of the chlorine gas, Cl₂ that reacted. This can be obtained as follow:
Mass of P = 7.44 gMolar mass of P = 31 g/molMole of P = mass / molar mass = 7.44 / 31 = 0.24 mole2P + 5Cl₂ → 2PCl₅
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of P reacted with 5 moles of Cl₂
Therefore,
0.24 moles of P will react with = (0.24 × 5) / 2 = 0.6 mole of Cl₂
Haven obtain the mole of chlorine gas, Cl₂, we shall determine the volume of the chlorine gas, Cl₂, required by using the ideal gas equation. This is shown below
Number of mole of Cl₂ (n) = 0.6 moleTemperature (T) = 298 KPressure (P) = 6.09 atm Gas constant (R) = 0.0821 atm.L/Kmol Volume of chlorine gas (V) =?PV = nRT
6.09 × V = 0.6 × 0.0821 × 299
Divide both sides by 6.09
V = (0.6 × 0.0821 × 299) / 6.09
V = 2.41 L
Thus, the volume of chlorine gas required is 2.41 L
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IXL question on velocity and distance i need answer asap
The velocity of Bridgette is 50 kilometers per hour to the east.
What is the velocity of an object?The velocity of an object is the speed that the object is moving in a specified direction.
Velocity is defined as the ratio of the displacement of an object and the time taken.
The displacement of a body is the distance traveled by that body in a specific direction.
Velocity is a vector quantity.
Mathematically;
Velocity = displacement / time
Considering the given question:
Bridgette drove her car 30 kilometers east at a constant velocity; hence, her displacement is 30 Kilometers east.
It took her 0.6 hours to drive that distance; hence, the time take = 0.6 hours.
Velocity = 30 kilometers / 0.6 hours
Velocity = 50 kilometers per hour to the east
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Please answer for award
The density of the penny is 2g/mol
Density is a measure of how compact the mass in a substance or object is
Here given data is
Mass of penny = 3gram
Volume of penny = 31.5 ml after penny was dropped
Volume of penny = 30 ml before penny was dropped
We have to calculate the density of penny = ?
Volume of penny = 31.5 - 30ml = 1.5ml
So density = mass/volume
Density = 3gram/1.5ml
Density = 2g/mol
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below is the lewis structure of the nitrogen molecule. count the number of bonding pairs and the number of lone pairs around the right nitrogen atom in this molecule.
The number of bonding pairs is equal to 3 and the number of lone pairs is 1.
Each atom shares an electron when two atoms join together to create a bond. The electrons involved in this relationship are referred to as the bond pairs of electrons. A lone pair, also known as an unshared pair or a non-bonding pair, is a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bond. Atoms' outermost electron shell contains lone pairs.
Each nitrogen atom in N₂ has three bonding pairs and one lone pair.
Formal charge = Number of Valence Electrons - Number of Lone Electron Pairs - (Number of Bonded Electron Pairs/2) = 5 - 2 - (6/2) = 0
Therefore, each nitrogen atom in N₂ has a formal charge of zero.
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g when zn reacts with hcl solution, the products are h2 gas and zncl2: how many moles of h2 gas were produced in the reaction?
1 mol of H2 gas were produced in the reaction
Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
This is a single displacement reaction
What is a single displacement reaction?
It is a kind of oxidation-reduction chemical reaction when an ion or element moves out of a compound, i.e., one element is replaced by the other in a compound.
What is mole ratio?
It is the ratio between amounts in moles of any two compounds involved in a balanced chemical reaction.
As we can see mole ratio from the coefficient of balanced reaction:
2 moles of HCl produces 1 mole of H2 gas
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a certain substance has a heat of vaporization of 71.77 kj/mol. at what kelvin temperature will the vapor pressure be 4.50 times higher than it was at 301 k?
At 318 kelvin temperature will the vapor pressure be 4.50 times higher than it was at 301k.
Given : [tex]P_{1}=p_{1},P_{2}=4.50p_{1},T_{1}=301k,H=71.77kj/mol[/tex]
Substituting in the given equation:
[tex]ln(4.50p_{1}/p_{1})=71.77*1000/8.314(1/301-1/T_{2})[/tex]
[tex]1.50=8632(1/301-1/T_{2})[/tex]
[tex]1.50=28.67-8632/T_{2}[/tex]
[tex]T_{2}=8632/21.17[/tex][tex]T_{2}=317K[/tex]
State Clausius-Clapeyron theorem.
The Clausius-Clapeyron relation describes the relationship between pressure and temperature at a non - continuous phase bridge between the two phases of matter of the a single constituent, with vapour pressure playing a key role.
State Clausius-Clapeyron equation
[tex]ln(p2/p1)=H/R(1/T_{1}-1/T_{2})[/tex]
P1 and P2 are the vapor pressures at temperatures T1 and T2H= the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquidR = the Universal Gas ConstantThus, at 318K temperature, the vapor pressure is 4.50 higher times than it was at 301K.
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choose the correct chemical formulas for the reactants and the products. the (base hydrolysis) reaction of a fluoride ion in water is:
The correct chemical formulas are as follows -
Reactant - [tex] H_{2}O [/tex] (aq) and F(-) (l)
Product - HF (aq) and OH(-) (aq)
The complete chemical reaction is as follows -
[tex] H_{2}O [/tex] + [tex] {F}^{ - } [/tex] --> HF + [tex] {OH}^{ - } [/tex].
In this chemically balanced reaction, [tex] H_{2}O [/tex] is water, [tex] {F}^{ - } [/tex] is fluorine ion, HF is hydrogen fluoride and [tex] {OH}^{ - } [/tex] is hydroxyl ion. Also mentioned in answer, the abbreviation aq indicates aqueous and l indicates liquid.
In the mentioned reaction, fluoride ion acts as weak Bronsted-Lowry Base. It means that fluorine ion accepts the hydrogen ion, which is evident by the formation of hydrogen fluoride. The hydroxyl ion formed in the reaction imparts basic character.
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Does it matter what kind of compound you have (ionic/covalent) when you're drawing Lewis Structures? Why or why not?
Yes, because Ionic compounds only have single bonds, but Covalent compounds can have double and triple bonds.
No, there is no difference between Ionic and Covalent bonds.
No, because there is no way to tell the difference between Ionic and Covalent bonds.
Yes, because Covalent compounds have bonds and Ionic compounds don't, and that needs to be represented in the drawing.
Yes, because Ionic compounds only have single bonds, but Covalent compounds can have double and triple bonds.
What is the Lewis structure of ionic and covalent bonds?In Ionic compounds, the Lewis Dot Structure shows how the electrons are being transferred to form ions in the compound. In covalent compounds, the Lewis Dot Structures must show how the electrons are being shared to complete the outermost shell of each atom in the molecule. In Lewis electron structures, we can see bonding pairs, which are shared by two atoms as well as lone pairs which are not shared between two atoms. If both electrons come from the same atom in a covalent bond, the bond is known as a coordinate covalent bond.
So we can conclude that option A is the right answer.
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Question 3 (1 point)
The average atomic mass of molybdenum (Mo) is 95.94 amu. Which of the following
isotopes must have the highest percent abundance?
Mo-96
Not enough information to tell
Mo-95
Mo-94
Answer:
Mo-96
Explanation:
We know that isotopes are elements that have different numbers of neutrons while electron and proton numbers stay the same. Some isotopes exist in greater numbers than others. The atomic mass is the average of all the existing isotopes of an element. Therefore, the number the atomic mass is closest to is the most abundant isotope. We can round 95.94 to 96 because that is the closest number. That means that Mo-96 is the most abundant.
How are the elements in hydrogen chloride bonded together? helpp
Explanation:
Chlorine has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, but the chlorine atom's attraction for electrons is not sufficient to remove an electron from hydrogen. Consequently, the bonding electrons in hydrogen chloride are shared unequally in a polar covalent bond.
What is a biosphere
Answer:
The Biosphere is the part of the earth where life exists.
Biosphere is all organisms on Earth for example plants animals and microoganisms.
Explanation:
a solid consisting of clear crystals is combined with a blue liquid in a container, and the following observations are obtained:
A solid consisting of clear crystals is combined with a blue liquid in a container and the following observations are obtained 3.
A chemical response might be going on these aren't specific indicators a chemical response may not be occurring. An exchange in shade isn't constantly a chemical change. A chemical change has taken region. One way that we recognize that is due to the fact bubbles are fashioned. those bubbles suggest that the hydrogen peroxide has been damaged aside from water and oxygen.
The trade that happens whilst or greater materials act on each other to form an exceptional substance. Use this word in a sentence or provide an instance to show you understand what means when the color scent and flavor of the aggregate changed I knew a chemical reaction had taken place. sometimes when solutions go through a chemical reaction one of the new products formed from the response is not soluble.
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If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant’s environment, what would you expect to happen to the plant’s production of carbohydrates?.
The plant’s production of carbohydrates stops producing high-energy sugars altogether.
When carbon dioxide is completely removed from a plant's environment it is expected that the plant will stop producing energy-rich sugars altogether.CO2 is required for plants to photosynthesize. So without CO2, plants have no way to make energy. In this scenario, it will probably wither.
Carbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas and helps trap heat in the atmosphere. Without them, our planet would be uninhabitable and cold. Plant photosynthesis produces oxygen and carbohydrates in a strict ratio, so we run out of oxygen as soon as we eat. But lethal levels of carbon dioxide will be reached long before these things happen.
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an oxygen atom at a particular site within a dna molecule can be made to execute simple harmonic motion when illuminated by infrared light. the oxygen atom is bound with a spring-like chemical bond to a phosphorus atom, which is rigidly attached to the dna backbone. the oscillation of the oxygen atom occurs with frequency fo
The oscillation of the oxygen atom occurs with frequency fo = 3.7 × 10¹³ Hz when oxygen atom replace to sulfur the frequency of sulfur is 2.7 × 10¹³ Hz.
The frequency expression is given as :
F = ( 1/ 2π ) × √(k/m)
or F² m = k / 4π²
now. if oxygen atom is replaced by the sulfur atom:
(F² m) oxygen = ( F² m) sulfur
F sulfur = F oxygen × √ (m oxygen / m sulfur)
F sulfur = 3.7 × 10¹³ × √ 16 / 32
F sulfur = 2.7 × 10¹³ Hz.
Thus, An oxygen atom at a particular site within a DNA molecule can be made to execute simple harmonic motion when illuminated by infrared light. the oxygen atom is bound with a spring-like chemical bond to a phosphorus atom, which is rigidly attached to the DNA backbone. the oscillation of the oxygen atom occurs with frequency fo = 3.7 × 10¹³ Hz when oxygen atom replace to sulfur atom the frequency of sulfur is 2.7 × 10¹³ Hz.
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in the equation for photosynthesis: 6 h2o 6 co2 -> c6h12o6 6o2 which of the following is a reactant?
The process of photosynthesis is written as:
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
This means that reactants, six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules are converted by light energy captured by chlorophyll into a sugar molecule and six oxygen molecules which are the products.
What are reactants?
The substances which participate in a chemical reaction, are called reactants.When writing down chemical reactions, reactants are written on the left sideTo indicate that if a reaction has occurred, an arrow is written to the right of reactants, and the products are then written on its right side.Every chemical reaction is usually expressed as:Reactants → Products
The equation can be used to determine general reaction:A + B → C
In this example, A and B are reactants, and C is the product.
Such a reaction in which two or more than two reactants combine to form single product is called a Combination reaction.
In another reaction, for example: C → A + BThe reactant is C, and the products are A and B.
Such a reaction in which a single reactant decomposes into its constituents elements or compounds is called a Decomposition reaction
Here, in photosynthesis equation, reactants are 6CO2 and 6H2O
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If you made a voltaic cell out of this reaction, what half-reaction would be occurring at the cathode, and what half-reaction would be occurring at the anode?.
An (aq) + 1 e⁻ → A⁻(aq) at the cathode and B(aq) → B⁺(aq) + 1e⁻ at the anode.
Oxidation is lost at the anode consequently, the oxidation 1/2-response happens in the 1/2-cellular containing the anode. discount is received at the cathode so the reduction half-response takes place in the 1/2-mobile containing the cathode. the only one with the highest discount potential might be what you need to pick out because the reduction 1/2-response and therefore be your cathode.
The one with the lowest reduction potential will be what you want to select as the oxidation-1/2 response and consequently be your anode. The response at the anode is oxidation and that on the cathode is discount. right here, the anode is superb and the cathode is the terrible electrode. The anode is the electrode where electricity moves into. The cathode is the electrode in which power is given out or flows out. The anode is typically the effective aspect. A cathode is a poor side.
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the process in which the nuclei of unstable atoms can become more by emitting particesl and/or electromagnetic radiation is called
The process in which the nuclei of unstable atoms can become more by emitting particles or electromagnetic radiation is called radioactive decay.
In the process of radioactive decay an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by electromagnetic radiation.This involves transformation of one element into another by changing the number of protons in the nucleus.It is the emission of energy in the form of radiation. This occurs due to instability of nucleus.emission of energy in the form of radiation.
Radioactivity is a source of heat.It causes a huge amount of energy released into the surrounding in the form of ionising radiation.This includes alpha ,beta and gamma rays.
After undergoing radioactive decay,it tends to transform into the atom of some other elements known as decay products.
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A sample of 9.30 g of solid calcium hydroxide is added to 34.0 mL of 0.410 M aqueous hydrochloric acid. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Physical states are optional.
0.612 gram of calcium chloride is produced and excess reactant is 9.19 grams.
The balanced chemical equation is -
[tex] Ca(OH)_{2}[/tex] + 2HCl -> [tex] CaCl_{2}[/tex] + 2[tex] H_{2}[/tex]O. The reactants on LHS are calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid while products on RHS are calcium chloride and water.
Calculating the product formed from 9.30 gram of calcium hydroxide
Molar mass of calcium hydroxide = 111 gram
Molar mass of calcium hydroxide = 74 gram
Mass of calcium chloride produced from calcium hydroxide = (9.6 × 111) ÷ 74
Mass of calcium chloride produced from calcium hydroxide = 14.38 gram
Mass of calcium chloride produced from hydrochloric acid = (34.5/1000) × 0.320 × 111 × (1/2)
Mass of calcium chloride produced from hydrochloric acid = 0.612 gram
Since hydrochloric acid is the limiting reagent, it complete consumption will stop the process. Hence, after completion of reaction, 0.612 gram of calcium chloride will be formed.
Initial amount of HCl = (34.5/1000) × 0.320
Initial amount of HCl = 0.0110 moles of HCl
Moles of [tex] Ca(OH)_{2}[/tex] used = 0.0110 × (1/2)
Moles of [tex] Ca(OH)_{2}[/tex] used = 0.00552 moles
Initial amount of [tex] Ca(OH)_{2}[/tex] = 9.60/74.09
Initial amount of [tex] Ca(OH)_{2}[/tex] = 0.1296 moles
Excess reactant = (0.1296 - 0.00552) × 74.09
Excess reactant = 9.19 grams.
The reaction will produce 0.612 grams hydrochloric acid and 9.19 grams of excess reactant.
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a student seperated 51.4g of lawn sand into sharp sand and ammonium sulfate after seperation the total mass of the two products was 52.6g suggest a reason for the diffference in mass
The only possible reason for the difference in mass is if there is an error during weighing.
Law of conservation of massAccording to the law of conservation mass, masses cannot be destroyed, and neither can they be created. They can, however, change forms during the course of a process or reaction.
Going by this law, if the combined weight of the lawn sand and the ammonium sulfate is 51.4 grams, after separation, the addition of weights of the resulting sharp sand and that of the ammonium sulfate should equate to 51.4 grams.
But that is not the case here. The addition of their weights resulted in 52.6 grams. This means that something is not right somewhere.
It could be that the weight of the mixture was underestimated by error.It could be that the individual weight of the sharp sand and or the ammonium sulfate were underestimated due to error.Beyond these two reasons, the source of error could also be that the total mass of the two products was overestimated by error.
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I NEED HELP WITH THIS WHOLE PAGE
1) The endocrine glands pictured above are:
Thyroid Gland and Parathyroid glandAdrenal GrandOvariesPancreatic GrandPitutuary GlandPineal Gland.2) Organs of the endocrine system are often called glands. An organ is responsible for the production of one or more substances such as hormones, digestive juices, perspiration, tears, saliva, or milk.
The compounds are released directly into the circulation by the endocrine glands. The compounds are released by exocrine glands into a duct or aperture to the interior or outside of the body.
3) Pituitary Gland produces the following hormones:
Adrenocorticotropic hormone Follicle-stimulating hormoneGrowth hormone (GH)Luteinizing hormone (LH) etc.What is the importance of the Endocrine system?The endocrine system regulates juvenile growth and development, adult body processes, and the reproductive process. All of the body's key activities and processes are controlled and regulated by the endocrine system: Energy management. Reproduction.
The pituitary gland, for example, is located at the base of the brain and is no larger than a pea. Despite its tiny size, the pituitary gland is sometimes referred to as the "master gland." Many other endocrine glands are controlled by the hormones it produces.
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If 1 egg and 1/3 cup of oil are needed for each bag of brownie mix, how many bags of brownie mix do you need if you want to use up all 3 eggs and 1 cup of oil?
The amount of brownie mix bags needed to use up 3 eggs and 1 cup of oil is 3, option C.
What is the basic stoichiometry for this problem?1 egg and 1/3 cup of oil is needed for a brownie mix bag
Therefore the brownie mix bags needed to consume 3 eggs and a cup of oil is equal to;
1 egg and 1/3 cup = 1 brownie mix bag
3 eggs and 1 cup = ?
Cross multiplied;
3/1 x 1 = 3
For one cup of oil and 3 eggs to be used up, it requires 3 bags of brownie mix.
The complete question is:
If 1 egg and 1/3 cup of oil are needed for each bag of brownie mix, how many bags of brownie mix do you need if you want to use up all 3 eggs and 1 cup of oil?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
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How many of the following molecules have sp2 hybridization on the central atom? hcn so2 ocl2 xecl2.
Only one molecule have sp2 hybridization on central atom and that is SO₂.
XeCl₂ have sp3d hybridization.
OCl₂ have sp3 hybridization.
HCN have sp hybridization.
Hybridization is defined as the concept of mixing two atomic orbitals to give rise to a new type of hybridized orbitals.
Hybridization intermixing usually results in the formation of hybrid orbitals having entirely different energies, shapes, etc.
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several possibilities have been suggested for the support of life on titan, including methane rivers and lakes, and the possible presence of subsurface, liquid water aquifers. if life were present in these two different liquid reservoirs, what might be the key differences between them, and why?
In addition to rivers and oceans, Titan appears to feature lakes of liquefied ethane and methane, which some scientific studies hypothesize could support fictitious non-water-based life.
What are the key differences between these two liquid reservoirs if life were present in them?Titan's atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen, just like Earth's, but it has a surface pressure that is 50% higher. Titan’s rivers, lakes and seas of liquid methane and ethane might serve as a habitable environment on the moon’s surface, though any life there would likely be very different from Earth’s life.It is probable that there is a coat of liquid water underneath its ice shell in addition to the small and big masses of liquid methane & ethane that are present on the surface. According to some scientists, these liquid mixtures could offer prebiotic biochemistry for living cells that are different from those seen on Earth.To know more about life on Titan, visit:
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the arrangement of electrons in an atom of an element determines the chemical properties of that element. Our present day understanding of how electrons are arranged in an atom is the result of all of these scientific contributions except
The result of all of these scientific contributions except Rutherford's gold foil experiment proved the existence of the nucleus.
The valence electrons mainly determine the chemical houses of the elements. The elements inside the equal group have comparable chemical homes because they have identical valence shell electron configurations. The electrons in the power degrees with the highest range are in common the farthest from the nucleus.
Because variations in electrons placed inside the outermost stage distinguish an atom from its nearest noble fuel these are the electrons accountable for the atom's chemical conduct. Electrons located inside the outermost shell of the electron cloud are called valence electrons and feature the best power. Valence electrons determine the chemical homes of an element or how the valence electrons of 1 element are shared or traded with valence electrons of other elements to create new molecules.
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Aniline, is a weak base with kb of 7. 4 × 10-10. Which indicator would be the most appropriate to titrate an aqueous solution of aniline?.
The most appropriate indicator for titrating aqueous aniline solutions is methyl red with a pH of 5.87.
Aniline (a weak base) when titrated with a strong acid will neutralize at a pH of less than 7.
The reaction will be
B + H⁺ → BH⁺ + Cl⁻
BH+ will hydrolyze as:
BH⁺+ H₂O ⇄ B + H₃O⁺
Ka conjugate acid aniline = 10⁻¹⁴/7.4 x 10⁻¹⁰ = 1.35 x 10⁻⁵
pKa = 4.87
Probable pH at the equivalence point = 4.87 + 1.00 = 5.87
The most appropriate indicator is methyl red with a pH equivalent point of 5–6.
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