Net Present Value depends on the rate of interest, which is not specified here so we can not take any decision regarding the other options. The correct option is d.
The interest rate applied, which takes into account both the investment's risk and the time value of money, determines the present value of future cash flows. We cannot appropriately calculate the present value or compare the options without knowing the discount rate.
The future cash flows must be discounted to their present value using the proper discount rate in order to determine which option has the highest present value.
Thus, the ideal selection is option d.
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On the Idaho Store worksheet, in the range B9:B16, use the Fill Series feature to enter interest rates beginning with 8.50%. Decrease the amounts by .50% ending with 5.00%. Format the rates as Percent Style with two decimal places and apply bold and center.
Answer:
Kindly check explanation
Explanation:
To achieve this, a formular is entered to give a rate of 8.50% in B9 ; The formular could be :
Beginning rate - 0.50x
Where x = 1 in cell B9
The beginning rate = 8.50
Hence, the formula to be inputted :
=9.00 - 0.50*1
Kindly lock the beginning rate and decline rate by an absolute reference so it doesn't change as the fill handle is being dragged down
In cell B9 :
9.00% - 0.50%*1 = 8.50%
B10:
9.00% - 0.50%*2 = 8.00%
... B16 :
9.00% - 0.50%*8 = 5.00%
For the products launched by companies to succeed, it is important that Multiple Choice marketing is aggressive and separate from other functional areas. marketing endeavors are directed solely at manipulating consumers. all the functional areas of the business are coordinated with marketing decisions. the marketing environment changes constantly. one environmental force is not interconnected with another environmental force.
Answer:
all the functional areas of the business are coordinated with marketing decisions.
Explanation:
A product can be defined as any physical object or material that typically satisfy and meets the demands, needs or wants of customers. Some examples of a product are mobile phones, television, microphone, microwave oven, bread, pencil, freezer, beverages, soft drinks etc.
According to the economist Philip Kotler in his book titled "Marketing management" he stated that, there are five (5) levels of a product. This includes;
1. Core benefit.
2. Generic product.
3. Expected product.
4. Augmented product.
5. Potential product.
The core benefit of a product can be defined as the basic (fundamental) wants or needs that is being satisfied, met and taken care of when a customer purchase a product.
Hence, for the products launched by companies to succeed, it is important that all the functional areas of the business are coordinated with marketing decisions.
Marketing mix can be defined as the choices about product attributes, pricing, distribution, and communication strategy that a company blends and offer its targeted markets (customers) so as to build and maintain a desired response.
The following budget information is available for the Arch Company for January Year 2: Sales $ 860,000 Cost of goods sold 540,000 Utilities expense 2,800 Administrative salaries 100,000 Sales commissions 5 % of sales Advertising 20,000 Depreciation on store equipment 50,000 Rent on administration building 60,000 Miscellaneous administrative expenses 10,000 All operating expenses are paid in cash in the month incurred. Compute the total budgeted selling and administrative expenses (excluding interest) amount for January Year 2.
Answer and Explanation:
The computation of the total budgeted selling and administrative expenses is shown below;
Utilities expense $2,800
Administrative salaries $100,000
Sales commissions 5 % of sales i.e. 5% of $860,000 $43,000
Advertising $20,000
Depreciation on store equipment $50,000
Rent on administration building $60,000
Miscellaneous administrative expenses $10,000
total budgeted selling and administrative expenses $285,800
Second-degree price discrimination: Multiple Choice results in transfer pricing. None of the answers are correct. is the practice of posting a discrete schedule of declining prices for different ranges of quantities. eliminates the problem of double marginalization.
Answer:
is the practice of posting a discrete schedule of declining prices for different ranges of quantities
Explanation:
In the case of the second degree price discrimination, the firm should chares the different kinds of the prices as per the quantity demanded i.e. if the large quantities are ordered so it should be charged at the less price and if the small quantities are ordered so it should be charged at the high prices. The motive behind this is to motivate the bulk sales that means when the buyer purchased the products in bulk so he will get the high discounts
Therefore the third option is correct
The balance sheet of ABC reports total assets of $1,500,000 and $1,700,000 at the beginning and end of the year, respectively. Net income and sales for the year are $240,000 and $2,000,000, respectively. What is ABC's return on assets (round to nearest whole percentage, just put in the number with no %)
Answer:
15%
Explanation:
Average Assets = (Opening asset + Closing asset) / 2
Average Assets = ($1,500,000 + $1,700,000) / 2
Average Assets = $3,200,000 / 2
Average Assets = $1,600,000
Return on assets = Net Income / Average assets
Return on assets = $240,000 / $1,600,000
Return on assets = 0.15
Return on assets = 15%
A company is considering the purchase of new equipment for $51,000. The projected annual net cash flows are $21,200. The machine has a useful life of 3 years and no salvage value. Management of the company requires a 10% return on investment. The present value of an annuity of $1 for various periods follows: Period Present value of an annuity of $1 at 10% 1 0.9091 2 1.7355 3 2.4869 What is the net present value of this machine assuming all cash flows occur at year-end
Answer:
$1721.26
Explanation:
Net present value is the present value of after-tax cash flows from an investment less the amount invested.
NPV can be calculated using a financial calculator
Cash flow in year 0 = -$51,000
Cash flow in year 1 to 3 = $21,200
I = 10%
NPV = $1721.26
To find the NPV using a financial calculator:
1. Input the cash flow values by pressing the CF button. After inputting the value, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
2. after inputting all the cash flows, press the NPV button, input the value for I, press enter and the arrow facing a downward direction.
3. Press compute
Generic Company sponsors an unfunded postretirement plan providing healthcare benefits. The following information relates to the current year's activity of Generic's postretirement benefit plan: Postretirement benefit expense $150 million Service cost $120 million Amortization of net gain–AOCI $10 million Prior service cost–AOCI none Retiree benefits paid (end of year) $30 million The interest cost for the year is: Group of answer choices $40 million $20 million $30 million $50 million
Answer: $40 million
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, the interest cost for the year will be calculated as follows:
Interest cost = Postretirement benefit expense - Service cost + Amortization of net gain–AOCI
Interest cost = $150 million - $120 million + $10 million
Interest cost = $40 million
Bramble Corp. recorded operating data for its shoe division for the year. Sales $2000000 Contribution margin 440000 Controllable fixed costs 180000 Average total operating assets 880000 How much is controllable margin for the year? 22% 50% $260000 $440000
Answer: 260000
Explanation:
The controllable margin for the year will be calculated thus:
Contribution margin = 440000
Less: Controllable Fixed Costs = 180000
Controllable margin will now be:
= 440,000 - 180,000
= 260,000
Therefore, the controllable margin will be 260000
Your company purchased a vacant lot 3 years ago for $1.2 million and at that time spent $100,000 to convert it into a parking lot, which now generates $120,000/year in revenue. You are considering building a distribution center on the lot with a construction cost of $5 million and an annual OCF of $750,000. Which of these cash flows should be included in a capital budgeting analysis for the distribution center?
I. The $1.2 Million purchase price for the lot
II. The $100,000 conversion cost
III. The $120,000/ year parking revenue
IV. The $5 million construction cost for the distribution center
V. The $750,000/year OCF from the distribution center
a. I and II only
b. I, III, IV only
c. IV, and V only
d. III, IV, and V only
e. ALL of them
Answer:
The cash flows that should be included in a capital budgeting analysis for the distribution center are:
d. III, IV, and V only
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Parking Lot Distribution Center
Initial investment costs $1.2 million $5 million
Conversion costs 100,000 0
Annual revenue $120,000 $750,000
b) Not all the cash flows should be included in a capital budgeting analysis for the distribution center. The initial investment and conversion costs are sunk costs. The annual revenue from the parking lot becomes an opportunity cost when the lot is converted to a distribution center.
John has a roofing business. After a hailstorm, he knows that many homeowners will have roof damage and will need roof repair or a completely new roof. John wants to be sure that his leads are real prospects who answer questions, value his time, are realistic about money, and are prepared to hire John for his roofing services. Which of the following statements is true for John's lead qualification?
a. It refers to determining the recognized need, buying power, receptivity, and accessibility of a sales prospect.
b. It refers to a process in which a salesperson approaches potential buyers without any prior knowledge of the prospects' needs or financial status.
с. It refers to a process that describes the "homework" that must be done by a salesperson before he or she contacts a prospect.
d. It refers to using friends, business contacts, coworkers, acquaintances, and fellow members in professional and civic organizations to identify potential clients.
Answer: a. It refers to determining the recognized need, buying power, receptivity, and accessibility of a sales prospect.
Explanation:
Based on the information given in the question, the statement that is true for John's lead qualification is option A "It refers to determining the recognized need, buying power, receptivity, and accessibility of a sales prospect".
From the information given, John saw the recognized need when he realized that after the hailstorm, there'll be many homeowners who will have their roof damage and will then need roof repair or a completely new roof and he also accessed the prospect for his sales.
An injection-molding machine has a first cost of $1,050,000 and a salvage value of $225,000 in any year. The maintenance and operating cost is $235,000 with an annual gradient of $75,000. The MARR is 10%. What is the most economic life
Joel is the sole shareholder of Manatee Corporation, a C corporation. Because Manatee’s sales have increased significantly over the last several years, Joel has determined that the corporation needs a new distribution warehouse. Joel has asked your advice as to whether (1) Manatee should purchase the warehouse or (2) he should purchase the warehouse and lease it to Manatee. What relevant tax issues will you discuss with Joel?
Answer:
If Joel purchases the warehouse, he can rent it to the corporation and charge the highest possible rent within reasonable terms. Joel can avoid double taxation and the corporation will be able to deduct rent expense.
Joel is also able to deduct depreciation expenses, real estate taxes, and other costs from his passive income.
As an individual, Joel is taxed differently for capital gains in case he sells the warehouse, and that rate is generally lower than corporate tax rates.
Presented below is pension information for Ceylan Inc.for the year 2019: Service cost $82,000 Interest on projected benefit obligation 56,000 Interest on vested benefits 20,000 Amortization of prior service cost due to increase in benefits 12,000 Expected return on plan assets 18,000 The amount of pension expense to be reported for 2019 is
Answer:
$132,000
Explanation:
Particulars Amount
Service cost $82,000
Add: Interest on projected benefit obligation $56,000
Add: Amortization of prior service cost $12,000
due to increase in benefits
Less: Expected return on plan assets ($18,000)
Pension expense $132,000
Why don't most tax expenditures help much if your federal tax bill is zero? You don't qualify for tax breaks if your federal tax bill is zero. Taxes are an automatic stabilizer. Most tax expenditures are specifically for high-income people. Most tax breaks reduce taxable income, but reducing taxable income below zero does not reduce the tax bill.
Answer: Most tax breaks reduce taxable income, but reducing taxable income below zero does not reduce the tax bill.
Explanation:
Tax breaks can be used to reduce your taxable income sometimes all the way to zero. This however simply means that you don't have to pay income tax but does not mean that there won't be other taxes to pay.
Because of these additional taxes left to pay, a person will still pay certain taxes even if their taxable income is below zero. Tax expenditures therefore do not help much with a federal tax bill of zero.
You are upgrading to better production equipment for your firm's only product. The new equipment will allow you to make more of your product in the same amount of time. Thus, you forecast that total sales will increase next year by over the current amount of units. If your sales price is per unit, what are the incremental revenues next year from the upgrade?
Answer:
$473,760
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the incremental revenues next year from the upgrade
Using this formula
Incremental revenues= Units* Percentage Increase in total sales*Sales price
Let plug in the formula
Incremental revenues=94000 units* 24% * $21
Incremental revenues= $473,760
Therefore the incremental revenues next year from the upgrade will be $473,760
A portfolio manager buys $1 million of U.S. Treasury bills maturing in 90 days at a price of $990,390 and discount rate of 3.8%. The portfolio also includes the following investments: Bank commercial paper maturing in 90 days with a bond equivalent yield of 4.34% and a market value of $100,000. Bank certificates of deposit maturing in six months with a bond equivalent yield of 4.84% and a market value of $200,000. The bond-equivalent yield of a comparable benchmark portfolio is 4.0%. Including the Treasury bill purchase, the manager's portfolio is:
Answer:
A. Outperforming the benchmark
Explanation:
Calculation to determine what the manager's portfolio
First step is to calculate the Treasury bill, bond-equivalent yield for U.S.
Using this formula
Treasury bill
=(Face value − Market value) / Market value × 365 / 90
Let plug in the formula
Treasury bill= ($1,000,000 − 990,390) / 990,390 × 365 / 90
Treasury bill=0.0097 × 0.04056
Treasury bill= 3.93%.
Second step is to calculate The total market value of the portfolio
Total market value portfolio=$990,390 + $100,000 + $200,000
Total market value portfolio= $1,290,390
Now let calculate the manager's portfolio
Manager's portfolio=3.93% ($990,390 / $1,290,390) + 4.34% ($100,000 / $1,290,390) + 4.84% ($200,000 / $1,290,390)
Manager's portfolio=3.93%(76.75%)+4.34%(7.75%)+4.84%(15.50%)
Manager's portfolio=0.0410*100
Manager's portfolio= 4.10%
Therefore Based on the above calculation the manager's portfolio is 4.10% OUTPERFORMING THE BENCHMARK because the manager's portfolio of 4.10% is higher than bond-equivalent yield benchmark portfolio of 4.0%.
Do It! Review 11-3a Skysong, Inc. has 2,600 shares of 7%, $130 par value preferred stock outstanding at December 31, 2019. At December 31, 2019, the company declared a $132,000 cash dividend. Determine the dividend paid to preferred stockholders and common stockholders under each of the following scenarios.
Answer:
1. We have:
Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = $23,660
Dividend paid to common stockholders = $108,340
2. We have:
Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = $23,660
Dividend paid to common stockholders = $108,340
3. We have:
Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = $70,980
Dividend paid to common stockholders = $61,020
Explanation:
1. The preferred stock is noncumulative, and the company has not missed any dividends in previous years.
Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = Number of preferred stock outstanding * Preferred stock par value * Preferred stock = 2,600 * $130 * 7% = $23,660
Dividend paid to common stockholders = Dividend declared - Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = $132,000 - $23,660 = $108,340
2. The preferred stock is noncumulative, and the company did not pay a dividend in each of the two previous years.
Since the preferred stock is noncumulative, the answers are the as in part 1 as follows:
Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = Number of preferred stock outstanding * Preferred stock par value * Preferred stock = 2,600 * $130 * 7% = $23,660
Dividend paid to common stockholders = Dividend declared - Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = $132,000 - $23,660 = $108,340
3. The preferred stock is cumulative, and the company did not pay a dividend in each of the two previous years.
Since the preferred stock is cumulative, this means that the accrued fixed dividends for the two previous years have to be paid together with the current year’s dividend making 3 fixed dividends as follows:
Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = (Number of preferred stock outstanding * Preferred stock par value * Preferred stock) * 3 = (2,600 * $130 * 7%) * 3 = $70,980
Dividend paid to common stockholders = Dividend declared - Dividend paid to preferred stockholders = $132,000 - $70,980 = $61,020
One way to support the domestic marketing campaign is through industry participation. List three other pillars of this campaign.
Answer: strategic pillars: content, data, and execution
Explanation:
Based on the above financial statements, calculate the following ratios for 2021: income statement Sales 480,000 cost of goods sold 243,200 salaries expense 55,200 depreciation expense 24,000 interest expense 4,500 rent expense 36,000 gain on equipment 0 loss on equipment disposal 1,400 364,300 net income 115,700 Statement of Retained Earnings Beginning Balance - Retained Earnings $ 36,300 Plus - Net Income 115,700 Less - Dividends (18,000) Ending Balance - Retained Earnings $ 134,000 Balance sheets 2020 2021 change Assets: Cash 27,500 72,600 45,100 Accounts Receivable 32,600 47,600 15,000 Inventory 48,000 54,800 6,800 prepaid expenses 7,200 5,200 (2,000) Equipment 56,000 77,000 21,000 Accum. Depr - Equipment (26,500) (32,500) (6,000) total assets 144,800 224,700 Liabilities: Accounts Payable 12,700 25,700 13,000 accrued Liabilities 3,800 5,000 1,200 Bonds Payable 72,000 40,000 (32,000) total liabilities 88,500 70,700 shareholders Equity: Common Stock 20,000 20,000 0 Retained Earnings 36,300 134,000 97,700 total equity 56,300 154,000 total liabilities and shareholder equity 144,800 224,700 A. Current Ratio B. Gross Profit Percentage C. Debt Ratio D. Debt to Equity Ratio
Answer:
A. Current Ratio = 5.87
B. Gross Profit Percentage = 49.33%
C. Debt Ratio = 0.31
D. Debt to Equity Ratio = 0.46
Explanation:
The ratios can be calculated for 2021 as follows:
A. Current Ratio
Current ratio = Current assets / Current liabilities ………………… (1)
Where:
Current assets = Current assets in 2021 = Cash in 2021 + Accounts Receivable in 2021 + Inventory in 2021 + Prepaid expenses in 2021 = $72,600 + $47,600 + 54,800 + $5,200 = $180,200
Current liabilities = Current liabilities in 2021 = Accounts Payable in 2021 + accrued Liabilities in 2021 = $25,700 + $5,000 = $30,700
Substituting the values into equation (1), we have:
Current ratio = 180,200 / 30,700 = 5.87
B. Gross Profit Percentage
Gross Profit Percentage = (Gross profit / Sales) * 100 ………………….. (2)
Where:
Gross profit = Sales – Cost of goods sold = $480,000 - $243,200 = $236,800
Sales = $480,000
Substituting the values into equation (2), we have:
Gross Profit Percentage = ($236,800 / $480,000) * 100 = 49.33%
C. Debt Ratio
Debt ratio = Total debts / Total assets …………………………….. (3)
Where:
Total debts = Total liabilities in 2021 = $70,700
Total assets = total assets in 2021 = $224,700
Substituting the values into equation (3), we have:
Debt ratio = $70,700 / $224,700 = 0.31
D. Debt to Equity Ratio
Debt to Equity Ratio = Total debts / Total equity …………………………….. (4)
Total debts = Total liabilities in 2021 = $70,700
Total equity = total equity in 2021 = $154,000
Substituting the values into equation (4), we have:
Debt to Equity Ratio = $70,700 / $154,000 = 0.46
Pastner Brands is a calendar-year firm with operations in several countries. As part of its executive compensation plan, at January 1, 2021, the company issued 320,000 executive stock options permitting executives to buy 320,000 shares of Pastner stock for $28 per share. One-fourth of the options vest in each of the next four years beginning at December 31, 2021 (graded vesting). Pastner elects to separate the total award into four groups (or tranches) according to the year in which they vest and measures the compensation cost for each vesting date as a separate award. The fair value of each tranche is estimated at January 1, 2021, as follows:
Vesting Date Amount Vesting Fair Value per Option
Dec. 31, 2018 25% $4.00
Dec. 31, 2019 25% $4.40
Dec. 31, 2020 25% $4.80
Dec. 31, 2021 25% $5.60
Required:
a. Determine the compensation expense related to the options to be recorded each year 2018-2021, assuming Pastner allocates the compensation cost for each of the four groups (tranches) separately.
b. Determine the compensation expense related to the options to be recorded each year 2018-2021, assuming Pastner uses the straight-line method to allocate the total compensation cost.
Answer:
Pastner Brands
a. Compensation expense related to the options to be recorded each year, allocated with separate tranches:
Vesting Date Amount Vesting Fair Value Compensation
per Option Expense
Dec. 31, 2018 25% = 80,000 $4.00 $320,000
Dec. 31, 2019 25% = 80,000 $4.40 352,000
Dec. 31, 2020 25% = 80,000 $4.80 384,000
Dec. 31, 2021 25% = 80,000 $5.60 448,000
Total 100% 320,000 $1,504,000
b. Compensation expense related to the options, allocated using the straight-line method:
= $376,000
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Executive stock options issued = 320,000
Options exercise price = $28 per share
Number of tranches for the options = 4
Number of options exercisable in each tranche = 80,000
Vesting Date Amount Vesting Fair Value Compensation
per Option Expense
Dec. 31, 2018 25% = 80,000 $4.00 $320,000 (80,000 * $4.00)
Dec. 31, 2019 25% = 80,000 $4.40 352,000 (80,000 * $4.40)
Dec. 31, 2020 25% = 80,000 $4.80 384,000 (80,000 * $4.80)
Dec. 31, 2021 25% = 80,000 $5.60 448,000 (80,000 * $5.60)
Total 100% 320,000 $1,504,000
Compensation expense, using the straight-line method = $376,000 ($1,504,000/4)
Which of the following statements is TRUE? Group of answer choices Dependent demand is directly related to the demand of other stock-keeping units (SKUs) and can be calculated without needing to be forecasted. When using ABC analysis, C items require close control by operations managers as they account for a large dollar value but a relatively small percentage of total items. Stockouts occur in a fixed-quantity system (FQS) whenever the lead-time demand exceeds the replenishment level (M). Inventory is any physical asset held for future use or sale.
Answer:
A). Dependent demand is directly related to the demand of other stock-keeping units (SKUs) and can be calculated without needing to be forecasted.
Explanation:
The first statement asserts a true claim as it correctly states that 'dependent demand is promptly associated to the demand of further SKUs and therefore, it can be measured without requiring any prediction.' Dependent demand is characterized as a demand that is reliant on the other products' demand. This is why such demands are directly influenced by a rise or fall in the other products' demand and this is the reason due to which dependent demand can be calculated easily without any prediction because it will observe a similar impact as its associated product would face. Thus, option A is the correct answer.
UML Foods reported $940 million in income before income taxes for 2020, its first year of operations. Tax depreciation exceeded depreciation for financial reporting purposes by $120 million. The company also had non-tax-deductible expenses of $80 million relating to permanent differences. The income tax rate for 2020 was 35%, but the enacted rate for years after 2020 is 30%. The balance in the deferred tax liability in the December 31, 2020, balance sheet is:
Answer:
$36,000,000
Explanation:
Note: Permanent differences have no impact on deferred taxes.
Deferred tax liability = $120 million * 30%
Deferred tax liability = $120 million * 0.30
Deferred tax liability = $36,000,000
So, the balance in the deferred tax liability in the December 31, 2020, balance sheet is $36,000,000.
A process plant making 5000 kg/day of a product selling for $1.75/kg has annual variable pro- duction costs of $2 million at 100 percent capacity and fixed costs of $700,000. What is the fixed cost per kilogram at the breakeven point? If the selling price of the product is increased by 10 percent, what is the dollar increase in net profit at full capacity if the income tax rate is 35 percent of gross earnings?
Answer:
a. Breakeven point = Fixed cost / Contribution margin
Contribution margin = Selling price - Variable costs per unit
Variable cost per unit = 2,000,000 / (5,000 * 365 days)
= $1.10
Contribution margin = 1.75 - 1.10
= $0.65
Breakeven point = 700,000 / 0.65
= 1,076,923 kg
Fixed cost per kilogram at those units is:
= 700,000 / 1,076,923
= $0.65
_________________________________________________________
b. Net profit at original prices:
= (Contribution margin * units produced) - Fixed costs
= (0.65 * 5,000 * 365) - 700,000
= $486,250
Less taxes:
= 486,250 * (1 - 35%)
= $316,062.50
Net profit after price increase:
New selling price = 1.75 * 1.1
= $1.93
Net profit = ((Selling price - Variable cost) * units sold) - fixed cost
= ( (1.93 - 1.10) * 5,000 * 365) - 700,000
= $814,750
After tax:
= 814,750 * (1 - 35%)
= $529,587.50
Dollar increase:
= 529,587.50 - 316,062.50
= $213,525
An ______ in the interest rate (r), ceteris paribus, will cause planned investment to ______.
Answer:
An increase in the interest rate (r), ceteris paribus, will cause planned investment to decrease.
Explanation:
An increase in the interest rates determined by the Federal Reserve would imply that the American financial system would pay larger sums of money for direct investments in banks or bonds, which would stop capital investment outside the public financial system, that is, in stocks. private, real estate investments, etc., since money would be invested at a higher profit in safer sectors of the market.
Think of a business concept that would be appropriate for each of the following:
1) a sole proprietorship
2) a corporation
3) a limited liability company
In your answer address the pros and cons of the business type (sole proprietorship, Corporation, LLC) and why you the believe the business concept you choose best suits that business type. You must list at least 3 pros and 3 cons for each business type.
Answer:
Sole Proprietorship: The business concept that would be suitable for this type of business would be a roadside Fruit Juice Processing business. This involves different blends of organic fruits being blended into one smooth syrup sometimes called a smoothie.This type of business is better registered under a Sole Proprietorship because, it is almost always carried out by those who are self-employed.
Pros:
It is easy to set up and has low operational and corporate costIt enjoys zero corporate business taxesthey are not required to submit annual filingsCons:
The liability is unlimited and unrestricted. This means if there is litigation against the business, the business owner if found culpable will have to defray all amounts due even with his or her personal assets if the business is unable to meet that obligationThis type of business structure will find it difficult to raise money due to the potential liability exposure Also the sole proprietor may be unable to take on business debt
2. A Limited Liability Corporation: The business concept that would be suitable for this type of entity is a Fast Food Franchise like Tastee Fried Chicken. This sort of business will involve processing chicken and other kinds of foods into wholesome dishes.
Fruitvale Company prepared the following income statement for 2018:
Sales $242
Cost of goods sold 175
Gross profit 67
Operating expenses:
Salaries expense $12
Depreciation expense 14
Rent expense 5 31
Operating income 36
Loss on sale of land (4)
Net income $32
Also, the company’s December 31 balance sheet revealed the following:
2018 2017
Accounts payable $24 $15
Accounts receivable 33 14
Land 78 60
Inventory 27 20
Wages payable 7 8
The net increase (decrease) in cash from operating activities for 2018 was: __________
Answer:
$32
Explanation:
Particulars Amount
Cash from operating activities
Net Income $32
Add: Loss on sale of land $4
Depreciation Expense $14
Working Capital Changes
Increase in Accounts Payable $9
Increase in Accounts Receivable -$19
Increase in Inventory -$7
Decrease in Wages Payable -$1
Cash flow from operations $32
Janes, Inc., is considering the purchase of a machine that would cost $410,000 and would last for 5 years, at the end of which, the machine would have a salvage value of $41,000. The machine would reduce labor and other costs by $101,000 per year. Additional working capital of $3,000 would be needed immediately, all of which would be recovered at the end of 5 years. The company requires a minimum pretax return of 13% on all investment projects.
Required:
Determine the net present value of the project. (Negative amount should be indicated by a minus sign.)
Answer:
- $33,678.21
Explanation:
Cash flow Summary of the Project will be as follows
Year 0 = $410,000 + $3,000 = - $413,000
Year 1 = $101,000
Year 2 = $101,000
Year 3 = $101,000
Year 4 = $101,000
Year 5 = $101,000 + $41,000 + 3,000 = $145,000
So the Net Present Value can now be calculated using the CFj function of a Financial calculator as follows :
- $413,000 CF 0
$101,000 CF 1
$101,000 CF 2
$101,000 CF 3
$101,000 CF 4
$145,000 CF 5
i/yr = 13%
Shift NPV = - $33,678.21
Question 4
Write a short essay about Controlling Inventory".
Explanation:
The necessity of inventory control is to maintain a reserve (store) of goods that will ensure manufacturing according to the production plan based on sales requirements and the lowest possible ultimate cost.
Losses from improper inventory control include purchases in excess than what needed, the cost of slowed up production resulting from material not being available when wanted. Each time a machine is shut down for lack of materials or each time sale is postponed or cancelled for lack of finished goods. Thus a factory loses money.
To promote smooth factory operation and to prevent piling up of stock or idle machine time proper quantity of material must be on hand when it is wanted. Proper inventory control can reduce such losses to a great extent.
After-Tax Profit Targets Olivian Company wants to earn $300,000 in net (after-tax) income next year. Its product is priced at $300 per unit. Product costs include: Direct materials $90.00 Direct labor $66.00 Variable overhead $15.00 Total fixed factory overhead $405,000 Variable selling expense is $12 per unit; fixed selling and administrative expense totals $255,000. Olivian has a tax rate of 40 percent. Required: 1. Calculate the before-tax profit needed to achieve an after-tax target of $300,000. $fill in the blank 9853e801101c04e_1 2. Calculate the number of units that will yield operating income calculated in Requirement 1 above. If required, round your answer to the nearest whole unit. fill in the blank 9853e801101c04e_2 units Feedback
Answer:
1. Before-tax profit = $500,000
2. Number of units that will yield the operating income = 9,915 units
Explanation:
1. Calculate the before-tax profit needed to achieve an after-tax target of $300,000.
This can be calculated as follows:
After-tax target = Before-tax profit * (100% - Tax rate) ……………….. (1)
Substituting the relevant values into equation (1) and solve for Before-tax profit, we have:
$300,000 = Before-tax profit * (100% - 40%)
$300,000 = Before-tax profit * 60%
Before-tax profit = $300,000 / 60%
Before-tax profit = $500,000
2. Calculate the number of units that will yield operating income calculated in Requirement 1 above. If required, round your answer to the nearest whole unit.
This can be calculated as follows:
Contribution margin = Selling price per unit - Direct materials per unit - Direct labor per unit - Variable overhead per unit - Variable selling expense per unit = $300 - $90 - $66 - $15 - $12 = $117
Before-tax profit = (Contribution margin * Number of units that will yield the operating income) - Total fixed factory overhead - Fixed selling and administrative expense ………………. (2)
Substituting the relevant values into equation (2) and solve for Number of units that will yield the operating income, we have:
$500,000 = ($117 * Number of units that will yield the operating income) - $405,000 - $255,000
$500,000 + $405,000 + $255,000 = $117 * Number of units that will yield the operating income
$1,160,000 = $117 * Number of units that will yield the operating income
Number of units that will yield the operating income = $1,160,000 / $117 = 9,914.52991452991
Rounding to the nearest whole unit, we have:
Number of units that will yield the operating income = 9,915 units
Spam Corp. is financed entirely by common stock and has a beta of .70. The firm is expected to generate a level, perpetual stream of earnings and dividends. The stock has a price-earnings ratio of 7.90 and a cost of equity of 12.66%. The company’s stock is selling for $52. Now the firm decides to repurchase half of its shares and substitute an equal value of debt. The debt is risk-free, with an interest rate of 3%. The company is exempt from corporate income taxes. Assume MM are correct.
Calculate the cost of equity after the refinancing. (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)
Calculate the overall cost of capital (WACC) after the refinancing. (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)
Calculate the price-earnings ratio after the refinancing. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Calculate the stock price after the refinancing.
Calculate the stock’s beta after the refinancing. (Round your answer to 1 decimal place.)
Answer:
a. Cost of equity after the refinancing = 22.31%
b. Cost of capital (WACC) after the refinancing = 12.66%
c. Price-earnings ratio after the refinancing = 4.48
d. Stock price after the refinancing = $51.99
e. Stock’s beta after the refinancing = 2.52
Explanation:
Given:
Beta = 0.70
PE ratio = Price-earnings ratio = 7.90
Ke = Cost of equity = 12.66%
MPS = Market price per share = $52
Debt rate = 3%
Let assume that the company’s total number of shares outstanding is 1,000. Therefore, we have:
Equity market value = MPS * Number of shares = $52 * 1,000 = $52,000
By repurchasing half shares and substituting an equal value of debt, we have:
Debt = Equity market value / 2 = $52,000 / 2 = $26,000
Interest on debt = Debt * Debt rate = $26,000 * 3% = $780
Old EPS = MPS / PE ratio = $52 / 7.90 = $6.58 per share
Net income = Old EPS * Number of shares = $6.58 * 1,000 = $6,580
Earnings available to shareholders = Net income – Interest on debt = $6,580 – 780 = $5,800
New number of shares = 500
New EPS = Earnings available to shareholders / New number of shares = $5,800 / 500 = $11.60 per share
Therefore, we have:
a. Calculate the cost of equity after the refinancing. (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)
Cost of equity after the refinancing = New EPS / MPS = $11.60 / $52 = 0.2231, or 22.31%
b. Calculate the overall cost of capital (WACC) after the refinancing. (Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)
Cost of capital (WACC) after the refinancing = (Weight of debt * Cost of debt) + (Weight of equity * New cost of equity) = (50% * 3%) + (50% * 22.31%) = 12.66%
c. Calculate the price-earnings ratio after the refinancing. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)
Price-earnings ratio after the refinancing = 1 / Cost of equity after the refinancing = 1 / 22.31% = 4.48
d. Calculate the stock price after the refinancing.
Stock price after the refinancing = Price-earnings ratio after the refinancing * New EPS = $11.60 * 4.48 = $51.99
e. Calculate the stock’s beta after the refinancing. (Round your answer to 1 decimal place.)
Stock’s beta after the refinancing = (Cost of equity after the refinancing – Cost of debt) / (WACC – Cost of debt) = (0.2231 - 0.03) / (0.1266 - 0.05) = 2.52