Evolutionary convergence Within a species, there are polymorphisms and convergent evolution. Species-level morphological polymorphisms Due to mimicry, two distinct species appear to be identical.
Phylogenetic tree example: What is it?This schematic illustration shows how several species developed from a number of shared ancestors. The two-dimensional graph that depicts the evolutionary link between an organism and several other organisms is known as a phylogenetic tree.
What makes a phylogenetic tree so named?The evolutionary relationships between a collection of creatures or groups of organisms, known as taxa, are represented by a phylo, or evolutionary tree (singular: taxon). The nodes of the tree symbolize the mixed ancestry of those descendants, while the tips of both the tree indicate groups of descendant taxa (typically species).
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The causes are :
Evolutionary convergence Within a species. there are polymorphisms and convergent evolution. Species-level morphological polymorphisms .Due to mimicry, two distinct species appear to be identical.What is meant by morphological traits ?Almost all of the morphological characteristics that appear to be "adaptations" to grazing were present in corallines hundreds of millions of years before macroherbivores and parrotfishes evolved.Egg quantity and egg weight were not heritable, indicating either that prior selection has removed additive genetic variation in these variables or that there is significant environmental variation in these qualities. Morphological features were all moderately to highly heritable.In general, morphological structures have a predetermined shape with regard to a certain mode of operation. Because it is a "action or reaction," whether or not it involves movement, their method of acting can be referred to as "behavior."Learn more about Morphological traits refer :
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I NEED HELP WiTH ALL THIS ASAP
The skeleton has been labeled based on the information given.
What is a skeleton?The human skeleton is the body's internal framework. It is made up of approximately 270 bones at birth, which decreases to approximately 206 bones by adulthood after some bones fuse together. The skeleton's bone mass accounts for approximately 14% of total body weight.
Thw body's skeletal system serves as a support structure. It shapes the body, allows movement, produces blood cells, protects organs, and stores minerals. The musculoskeletal system is another name for the skeletal system. The skeletal system also provides support to the body by acting as a framework and attachment.
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how are selective media used in studying bacterial recombination? select the two correct statements. how are selective media used in studying bacterial recombination?select the two correct statements. selective media can be used to identify bacteria that have acquired a resistance gene and are recombinant. selective media can be used to identify bacteria that contain a free or integrated f plasmid. selective media can be used to identify bacteria that have a mutation in a metabolic pathway by looking for mutants that are unable to complete normal metabolic processes. selective media can be used to identify bacteria that have a mutation associated with in flagellum proteins or proteins involved in flagellum movements by looking for mutants that are unable to move. selective media can be used to supply rare nutritional ingredients to the recombinant bacteria.
The correct statements about selective media are:
Selective media is used to identify bacteria that have a resistance gene and are also recombinant.Selective media is used to identify bacteria that have a mutation in a metabolic pathway by looking for mutants that are not able to complete normal metabolic processes.Recombinants are the host cells that have been integrated with a gene of interest from an outside source. These recombinants may either clone the genetic material or produce the product from it in the form of proteins.
Mutation is any change in the normal genetic sequence of DNA. The mutation can be in a single nucleotide or at a stretch of various nucleotides. These are termed as point and frameshift mutations respectively.
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what is the role of the electron transppoort chain in forming the h gradient across the inner mitochondiral membrane
The electron transport chain is a set of protein complexes and other molecules that connect protons (H⁺ ions) through a membrane with the transfer of electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions.
It is an exergonic procedure for electron transport. Adenosine triphosphate is synthesized as a result of an electrochemical proton gradient created by the redox reaction energy (ATP). The chain is an energy converter that pumps H⁺ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space via the exergonic flow of electrons from NADH to FADH₂. The H⁺ is prone to return across the membrane, dispersing its gradient on its own. And the only regions that allow H⁺to pass through the membrane are the ATP synthases.
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antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat antibiotics can lead to septic shock if used to treat gram-positive bacterial infections. gram-negative bacterial infections. protozoan infections. viral infections. helminth infestations.
Antibiotics can lead to septic shock if they are used to treat gram-negative bacterial infections.
What is septic shock?Septic shock is a life-threatening condition that occurs when blood pressure drops to a very low level after an infection and any type of bacteria can cause the infection.
Sepsis and septic shock can result from an infection that may be anywhere in the body like pneumonia, influenza, urinary tract infections or even from a cut on the finger that becomes infected. Sepsis can also cause abnormal blood clotting that results in small clots or burst blood vessels that damage tissues. Most of the people recover from mild sepsis but mortality rate for septic shock is about 40%.
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Darwin studied two different types of tortoises on the galapagos islands. Sort the characteristics based on which tortoise they describe.
The characteristics of tortoise that Darwin describes include lengthy necks in saddleback tortoises and short necks in domed tortoises.
Darwin observed that many species of tortoises resided on islands with various climatic conditions. He understood that the tortoises possessed characteristics that enabled them to survive in their specific settings. For instance, the shells and necks of tortoises that consumed plants close to the ground were rounded.
The two varieties of Galapagos Island tortoises will be divided into the following groups:
Saddleback Tortoises have lengthy necks, elevated plant life, and rounded shells. While short necks in domed tortoises, ground-level plants, and ordinary shells.
It should be noted that the term "Galapagos tortoise" refers to a chelonoidis family member. The largest species of tortoise are known to exist. They have a maximum weight of 417 kg.
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Match the following answers
In which phase of the cell cycle interphase
are chromosomes duplicated
(DNA is copied)
Which types of human cells use
mitosis to make more cells?
If a somatic cell has a diploid
chromosome number of 20, then
after mitosis is complete each of
the new resulting cells will have
this many chromosomes
A
w
25
S
H
YOU WON'T USE
ALL OF THESE
20
prophase
Skin
cells
Bone
Cells
10
Egg
cells
Muscle
Cells
40
Hair Cells
telophase
Sperm
Cells
Answer:
Skin cells
Explanation:
Because skin cells are often in harsh conditions, it is important that they undergo mitosis often
what role does trna play in gene expression?
Between the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule and the expanding chain of amino acids that make up a protein, transfer RNA acts as a link (or adaptor).
What is gene expression?
Gene expression is the process by which the data included in our DNA is transformed into instructions for constructing proteins or other molecules.A finely controlled process called gene expression enables a cell to react to its changing surroundings.It serves as both a volume control that raises or lowers the level of proteins produced as well as an on/off switch to regulate when proteins are created.Transcription and translation are the two essential processes that go into the creation of a protein.What is t-rna?
Transfer RNA, often known as tRNA, is a form of RNA that aids in the production of protein from mRNA. During translation, tRNA performs the role of an adaptor molecule. It was previously referred to as soluble RNA, or sRNA. It serves as an adaptor by connecting amino acids and nucleic acids. It transports the amino acid that needs to be included in the peptide chain and decodes the mRNA molecule's codon for that amino acidHence t-rna plays important role in gene expression.
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hich event had the greatest impact on chordates greater complexity in body structure, appendages, etc.? group of answer choices bilateral symmetry. a brain with complex nervous system. transition from an aquatic to a terrestrial life. additional hox genes.
The event had the greatest impact on chordates greater complexity in body structure, appendages, etc. is option B: a brain with complex nervous system.
Within chordates, vertebrates have the most complex brains. The vertebrate brain has a tripartite organization since it is made up of a forebrain, a midbrain, and a hindbrain. The vertebrate brain has a tripartite organization since it is made up of a forebrain, a midbrain, and a hindbrain. Complexity in brain led to the complexity in body structure, appendages, etc.
The four distinguishing characteristics of animals in the phylum Chordata are a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a tail. These characteristics all appear at some point during animal development. Only few chordates exhibit these traits throughout embryonic development. The notochord supports the skeleton, gives the phylum its name, and invertebrates develops into the vertebral column.
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How does the body protect its iron stores when iron stores are low?
The body can store a small amount of extra iron in a protein found in red blood cells called ferritin.
Iron absorption has been shown to be improved by vitamin C. It binds to non-heme iron and stores it in a form that your body can easily absorb. The mechanisms that regulate systemic iron homeostasis are largely focused on the liver and involve two molecules, hepcidin and ferroportin, which collaborate to regulate the flow of iron from cells into the systemic circulation.
Iron deficiency is commonly caused by a lack of iron in the diet, chronic blood loss, pregnancy, and strenuous exercise. Iron deficiency occurs when some people are unable to absorb iron. Iron deficiency can be treated by consuming iron-rich foods.
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4. In South America, Africa and Australia fossils of the same exact extinct amphibian
can be found. Which of the following statements best describes this occurrence?
Occurrence of endemic species in South America and Australia is due to continental drift. Continental drift is the gradual movement of the continents across the earth's surface.
Darwinism claims that the fossilized remains of South American species are similar to those found in Africa and Australia.
Thousands of animals and plants were gathered and described by Darwin during the Beagle's trip (1831–1836). He studied how species in South America adapted to a range of environments, including rainforest, grassland, and mountain ecosystems. The species in the temperate areas resembled the species of South America's tropical regions more than they did the similar species of Europe's temperate regions. For instance, although there are no rabbits in Argentina's grasslands, there are rodents that resemble them. These rodents are not linked to European rabbits, but rather to other rodents found in South America.
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D
Question 7
Cells that have a flagella, like a sperm cell, are specialized to accomplish
which function?
O movement
O communication
O nutrition
O storage
Answer: Movement is the answer.
Explanation: I remember answering this question.
Basal metabolism is the energy expended to maintain your body at rest. For most people, what percentage of total energy expenditures is used for basal metabolism?.
The basal metabolic rate is the energy expended by a person at rest (fasting and at body neutral temperature) as a result of normal cell and organ function in the body and is a measure of the total daily energy expenditure of a sedentary person. It accounts for about 60-75%. activity.
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) estimates the minimum number of calories a person must burn to maintain basic vital functions during her 24-hour rest period. Examples of such functions are: breathing. traffic.
These are naturally lean body types with the highest metabolic rates. These individuals are characterized by small bone structure, small shoulders, lean muscle mass, and flat chests .People with this body type find it very difficult to gain weight and have a fast metabolism.
Factors that increase a person's metabolic rate include consuming adequate amounts of calories, preferring protein over carbohydrates and fats, getting enough sleep, and taking certain actions such as exercise. exercise. B. Resistance training.
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a gene fusion where the regulatory region of one gene is fused to the open reading frame of another gene whose protein product is easy to detect.a preferred sugar prevents transcription of a sugar-metabolizing operon.a protein that changes its conformation upon binding to another molecule, such as a repressor that binds toan inducer.stimulation of transcription by a specific molecule. prevention of gene expression by a specific protein that binds to an operator.a cluster of genes transcribed together into a single mrna and regulated as a group.premature termination of transcription in response to translation of an rna leader.an untranslated region at the 5' end of a bacterial mrna.a strain that synthesizes curtain enzymes regardless of environmental conditions.
A gene fusion where the regulatory region of one gene is fused to the open reading frame of another gene whose protein product is easy to detect reporter gene.
A gene created by combining sections of two different genes. Fusion genes and the fusion proteins that result from them can be created in the laboratory or naturally in the body when a piece of DNA from one chromosome moves to another. The most common type of mutation is gene fusions or translocations caused by chromosomal rearrangements. They result in chimeric transcripts or gene deregulation due to the juxtaposition of novel promoter or enhancer regions.
A reporter gene is an exogenous coding region that is linked to a promoter sequence or element in an expression vector and introduced into cells to provide a means of measuring promoter activity.
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Name the only satellite which is known to have an atmosphere and the planet it orbits.
______ which orbits ______ .
Answer:
Titan which orbits Saturn.
What happens when there is an influx of
nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem?
A. there is an overabundance of nutrients
B. producers slow down their rate of production
C. nutrients become limited in that ecosystem
D. producers work in harmony to supply nutrients to the
area
Dna replication occurs during the _____________ phase and cell replication occurs during the _______________ phase.
DNA replication occurs during the S phase and cell replication occurs during the interphase phase.
In interphase, there is a process of preparation and storage of energy by cells to carry out the division. During interphase, the cell nucleus (nucleus) and daughter cells (nucleolus) are visible. However, the chromosomes in the cell are not visible because they are still in the form of chromatin, which are fine threads composed of DNA, RNA, and protein molecules.
The interphase stage can be divided into three:
G1 phase ("first gap"), develops the cytoplasm (cell fluid), cell organelles, as well as the synthesis of materials to be used for the next phaseS phase, DNA replication or duplication occurs as genetic material that will be passed on to daughter cells, so that two DN terminations will be produced.G2 phase ("second gap"), DNA replication has been completed. There is an increase in protein synthesis as the final stage of cell preparation for division.Learn more about interphase here https://brainly.com/question/14130118
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What part of the female system is the usual site of fertilization of the ovulated oocyte?.
Fertilization usually takes place in a fallopian tube that links an ovary to the uterus. If the fertilized egg successfully travels down the fallopian tube and implants in the uterus, an embryo starts growing.
What is fertilization?Fertilization often occurs in a fallopian tube that connects an ovary to the uterus. An embryo begins to develop if the fertilized egg successfully travels through the fallopian tube and implants in the uterus. Fertilization occurs when a woman's egg combines with a man's sperm. Fertilization often occurs in a fallopian tube that connects an ovary to the uterus. An embryo begins to develop if the fertilized egg successfully travels through the fallopian tube and implants in the uterus. This can happen either within (internal fertilization) or outside (external fertilization) the female's body. Human reproduction exemplifies the former, while seahorse reproduction exemplifies the latter.
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for the population of all adults, assume that the weight loss after six weeks on the diet (weight before beginning the diet minus weight after six weeks on the diet) is normally distributed with mean . to determine if the diet leads to weight loss, we test the following hypotheses:
For the population of all adults, count on the weight loss after six weeks at the weight-reduction plan H0: μ = 0, Ha: μ > zero.
The population is defined as all nationals present in, or briefly absent from a country, and aliens completely settled in a rustic. This indicator indicates the wide variety of humans that normally live in an area. boom costs are the once-a-year adjustments in population as a result of births, deaths, and internet migration throughout the year.
A discrete assemblage of entities with identifiable characteristics along with humans and animals with the objective of analysis and statistics collection is known as a population. It includes a comparable organization of species that dwell in a selected geographical location with the potential to interbreed.
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which of the following is false about enzymatic reactions? when the temperature is very low, hardly any collision between the enzymes and substrate molecules is possible. when the temperature increases beyond the optimum point, denaturation of enzymes occurs, leading to a drop in enzyme activity. less than and equal to the optimum temperature, any increase in the reaction temperature leads to a decrease in its rate. when the temperature is very low, enzymes are described as being inactive due to low kinetic energy. answer saved
Less than and equal to the optimum temperature, any increase in the reaction temperature leads to a decrease in its rate is not true regarding enzymatic reactions.
Factors affecting enzyme
The reaction that enzymes catalyse receives activation energy from them.
Temperature is one of the elements impacting enzymes. Substrate molecules start to move more quickly as the temperature rises. By increasing the number of substrate molecules that come into contact with the enzymes' active sites, more substrate can bind.
The enzyme's active sites must be free for the velocity to be at its highest level.
The human body uses enzymes to accelerate chemical reactions. Among many other functions, they are crucial for respiration, food digestion, muscle, and neuron activity. There are thousands of enzymes in each cell of the human body. Each cell's use of enzymes aids in facilitating chemical reactions
Proteins that contain amino acids linked together in one or more polypeptides are called enzymes.
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One group of rabbits lives in a forest in New York. Another group
of rabbits of the same species lives in a forest in Connecticut. Are these two
groups of rabbits part of the same population? PLS Help (Por favor)
the logging of u.s. temperate rainforests has been especially contentious over the past few decades because .
The logging of u.s. temperate rainforests has been especially contentious over the past few decades because pre-participation physical examination.
What is pre-participation examination?A pre-participation examination, has been often known as the sports such as the physical, has intended to support the maintenance of players' health and safety. The goal has to encourage risk-free participation.
The primary objective as Identify any conditions that could put the athlete at risk for harm, Determine whether any conditions are potentially fatal or incapacitating and fulfill all legal and insurance requirements.
The main agenda analyze general health, counsel on matters relating to health as well as evaluate the level of fitness for a particular sports.
Therefore, The logging of u.s. temperate rainforests has been especially contentious over the past few decades because pre-participation physical examination.
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What is an acronym for the characteristics of life?
The acronym for the characteristics of life is REACHNGRO.
What is REACHNGRO?
REACHNGRO is the acronym used for the characteristics of life.
As we know, characteristics of life are certain traits that help distinguish between living things and non living things. Sometimes, non living things attribute certain traits as living things do. We know that a car moves, but so does a cat or a dog. A cloud grows in size, but so do plants and trees. So a way to distinguish between living and non living things is these characteristics of life.
REACHNGRO stands for :
• R- reproduce
• E- energy
• A- adapt
• C- cells
• H- homeostasis
• N- nucleic acids
• G- growth/ development
• R- response to surroundings
• O- organizations
Therefore, for easier remembrance of the characteristics of life, just remember the acronym REACHNGRO.
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When air is no longer moving through the respiratory tract and the airway is open to the environment, the pressure within the lung is equal to.
While air is no longer shifting thru the breathing tract and the airway is open to the environment, the pressure inside the lung is identical to atmospheric pressure.
Whilst the Intrapleural stress equals atmospheric pressure, not best will the lung disintegrate but the chest wall will enlarge. that is due to the fact you've removed it from being held onto the pleural sac. you may have both the lung crumble and the chest wall extend if you make this stress identical to atmospheric pressure.
The force exerted with the aid of gases in the alveoli is referred to as intra-alveolar (intrapulmonary) stress, whereas the pressure exerted through gases inside the pleural cavity is known as intrapleural stress. normally, intrapleural stress is lower, or worse than, intra-alveolar strain.
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A person is born with a mutation in a gene that produces the enzyme needed for the digestion
of a protein found in meat. What would be the most likely effect of this mutation?
A). The person would be unable to fully digest meat products that contain that specific
protein.
B). The mutation is lethal and would prevent the development of an embryo from the
affected zygote.
C). The person would have a height that is much smaller than the average human.
D). The person would need to have their blood sugar tested regularly and controlled with
insulin.
The person would be unable to fully digest meat products that contain that specific protein. The correct option is A.
What is mutation?A mutation is a change in an organism's DNA sequence. Mutations can occur as a result of errors in DNA replication during cell division, mutagen exposure, or viral infection.
Mutation is the ultimate source of all genetic variation, providing raw material for evolutionary forces like natural selection to act on. Mutation can cause a wide range of changes in sequences.
Because a person is born with a mutation in a gene that produces the enzyme required for the digestion of a protein found in meat, the person is unable to fully digest meat products containing that specific protein.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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When an electron is emitted from photosystem II, it does not return.The photosystem cannot trap any more light energy until the "hole" in the photosystem is filled with another electron. The source of the electron that fills the "hole" in photosystem II is
Select one:
a. carbon dioxide
b. water
C. NADPH
d. ATP
Answer:
carbon dioxide
your welcome
if the binding of oxygen by hemoglobin caused no change in conformation of hemoglobin, what would you observe in the hemoglobin dissociation curves? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices a straight line with slope of 1 but never below 25% saturation because hemoglobin never releases all of its oxygen a straight line with slope of 1 over all partial pressure of oxygen, reaching 100% saturation at partial pressure of oxygen at 100 mmhg. a sigmoidal shape with 100% saturation at 76 mmhg (the partial pressure of oxygen at one atmosphere of pressure) a sigmoidal shape with 50% saturation at 38 mmhg (one-half of the partial pressure of oxygen at one atmosphere of pressure)
Hemoglobin's reduced affinity for oxygen causes the curve to be moved to the right.
What is oxygen binding curve?The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve correlates hemoglobin's oxygen saturation at a range of oxygen pressures. The solid black line depicts the adult hemoglobin curve in its normal state (Hb A). Notable points on the curve include:
At an oxygen pressure of 100 mmHg, arterial blood's hemoglobin saturability is around 100%.Venous blood contains around 75% saturated hemoglobin.Factors that alter the curve may have an impact on the oxygen transport to tissues; these effects are most pronounced at low oxygen partial pressures:
Left shift: As the curve is moved to the left, the oxygen affinity rises (red line).Oxygen affinity is decreased under circumstances that lead the curve to shift to the right (blue line).To know more about oxygen binding curve, visit:
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The spinal cord extends inferiorly from the brain through the foramen magnum, then through the vertebral canal, and ends at the level of the ______ vertebra.
The spinal cord extends inferiorly from the brain through the foramen magnum, then through the vertebral canal, and ends at the level of the reflexes vertebra.
The spinal cord extends downward from the base of the brain. It consists of nerve cells and nerve groups that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body. Spinal cord injuries can result from injuries to the vertebrae, ligaments, or discs of the spine, or injuries to the spinal cord itself.
Limbs (called quadriplegia or tetraplegia) . Lower spinal cord injuries can cause paralysis that affects the legs and lower body (called paraplegia). Injuries from the outside of the spinal cord are caused by compression or damage to the spinal cord. The spinal cord can be compressed by fractures, spinal degeneration, or abnormalities such as hematomas, tumors, or disc herniations.
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13. A graduated cylinder has 20 ml (cm³) of water placed in
it. An irregularly shaped rock is then dropped in the
graduated cylinder and the volume of the rock and water
in the cylinder now reads 30 ml (cm³). The mass of the
rock dropped into the graduated cylinder is 23 grams.
a.) Find the volume of the rock dropped into the
graduated cylinder.
b.)
Find the density of the rock dropped into the
graduated cylinder.
Step 1: Write the Equation
Step 2: Substitute with units
Step 3: Solve with units to nearest 0.1
A. Volume = displcement
Therefore the rock has a volume of 10mL
B. Density = mass/volume
Therefore density = 23/10 = 2.3 per unit volume.
Measure the amount of water poured into the graduated cylinder put the object in the water and measure the amount again. The difference between the two volume measurements is the volume of the object. Then divide the mass by the volume to calculate the object's density.
To measure the volume of a large stone fill a glass measuring cup halfway with water. Put a large stone in and measure the new water level. Subtract the original volume of half a glass of water and the difference is the volume or space occupied by the stone. One way he does this is by submerging the object in a measuring cup of water and recording how much the volume increases. Convert volume to m³.
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What Makes Azurite Valuable? (With scientific evidence)
The intense blue color of azurite makes it the most recognisable feature. It is soft as well, barely having a Mohs hardness of 3.5 to 4. It has a specific gravity of 3.7 to 3.9, which is incredibly high for a non-metallic mineral, and includes copper, which gives it its blue color. With diluted hydrochloric acid, the carbonate mineral azurite creates a mild effervescence and a bright blue liquid.
Property of Azurite
Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 is the chemical formula for the mineral azurite, which is a copper carbonate hydroxide. Most famous for its distinctive deep blue to violet-blue tint For its distinctive deep blue to violet-blue tint, it is most known. The "azure" shade of blue resembles a deep blue.
For its distinctive deep blue to violet-blue tint, it is most known. The shade of blue that is called "azure" resembles the dark blue skies that are frequently found over deserts and winter landscapes. Although azurite is a rare and infrequent mineral, its stunning blue hue grabs people's attention.
Therefore,rarely is azurite treated to intensify its color. However, resins and other materials are routinely used to impregnate and stabilize the rough.
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What i Photoytem, Noncyclic Pathway, ATP ynthae, Carbon fixation, carbon regeneration, carbon reduction, Calvin Cycle, photorepiration, C4 plant, and CAM photoynthei
The three foremost forms of photosynthesis are C3, C4, and CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism)
C4 flowers are so-called because the primary manufactured from CO2 fixation is a C4 natural acid, oxaloacetate, shaped by way of the carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) by way of PEP carboxylase. The oxaloacetate is converted to other C4 acids (malate or aspartate) and transferred to the packaging sheath.
Calvin cycle is the main pathway of carbon fixation in vegetation, algae, and cyanobacteria. The opportunity pathways of carbon fixation are the Reductive citric acid cycle in microorganisms. 3-hydroxypropionate cycle in bacteria and archaea.
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