All atoms of a given element contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
What is atom ?The smallest component of ordinary stuff that makes up a chemical element is an atom. Atoms that are neutral or ionized make up every solid, liquid, gas, and form of plasma. Atoms are very tiny, measuring approximately 100 picometers across.
Each atom is made up of a nucleus and one or more electrons that are linked to it. One or more protons and a significant number of neutrons make up the nucleus. Only the most prevalent kind of hydrogen is neutron-free. The nucleus of an atom contains more than 99.94% of its mass.
Although the number of protons in the nucleus is the same for all atoms of the same chemical element, the number of neutrons is not. As a result, atoms of the same chemical element do not always have the same mass.
Thus, option A is correct.
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1. identify the carbon and nitrogen sources for enterobacter in the citrate test. name six end products that result from the citrate test. identify the ph of the final product and describe how it happens. describe the appearance of a positive test result.
Simmons citrate agar includes other nutrients, the pH indicator bromthymol blue, sodium citrate as the only source of carbon, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the only source of nitrogen. This test, which is a component of the IMViC assays, is useful for identifying various Enterobacteriaceae.
What are the sources of Carbon and nitrogen ?The primary source of nitrogen in atmospheric deposition is the combustion of fossil fuels like coal and oil. Nitrogen may be deposited in the atmosphere as dry particulates, gases, and droplets or as a wet form such as rain, snow, hail, fog, and freezing rain.
For life, the elements carbon and nitrogen are crucial. All living organisms depend on them for the molecular building blocks of their cells and tissues.
What are Enterobacter ?A widespread genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family is called Enterobacter. It belongs to the type genus of the Enterobacterales order.
Animal intestines serve as the organisms' primary natural habitat, hence the name Enterobacter (from the Greek enteron, which means "intestine"). Enterobacter are omnipresent in nature and are widely dispersed in sewage, water, and soil as a result of their presence in animal intestinal tracts.
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quantum mechanics, although mathematically complex, does far better in describing polyelectron systems than the bohr equation. how many total quantum numbers are required to describe the behavior of an electron in any system? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
Quantum mechanics, although mathematically complex is 4
What is quantum number ?
A total of four quantum numbers are used to fully describe the motion and trajectory of each electron in an atom. The combination of quantum numbers of electrons is described by a wavefunction corresponding to the Schrödinger equation. Each electron has a unique set of quantum numbers. According to Pauli exclusion principle, no two electrons share the same combination of he four quantum numbers. Quantum numbers are important because they can be used to determine the electron configuration of atoms and the putative positions of atomic electrons. Quantum numbers are also used to understand other properties of atoms such as: B. Ionization energy and atomic radius. Atoms have four quantum numbers.
Principal (n), orbital angular momentum (l), magnetic (ml), electron spin (ms).
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which can decrease the presence of air bubbles in carbomers? i. introduce a carbomer into water slowly. ii. sprinkling a sieved powder into the vortex created by slowly stirring the medium. iii. once all powder is added, reduce speed.
Sprinkling a sieved powder into the vortex created by slowly stirring the medium can decrease the presence of air bubbles in carbomers
What is Air bubbles in carbomers?To simulate ebullition from lake sediments, air bubbles are injected into a Carbopol column that has a water cap on top. When the first bubble rises through the carbopol, it creates an invisible path. In contrast to the original bubble, subsequent bubbles rise along this path and split into two distinct bubbles. The smaller breakdown bubble separates and is confined inside the carbopol as the larger leading bubble rises through the water column.
Water from the upper layer progressively fills a conduit that forms above this breakup bubble.
This conduit grows until it reaches an equilibrium depth, at which point it begins to contract. The rising bubbles in the conduit resemble Taylor bubbles but are moving at speeds that are 5-7 times greater than their maximum speed.
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The following properties are either physical or chemical. Which one is different from the rest based on those two categories? density flammability heat of combustion reactivity.
Density is different from the rest based on those two categories. density is a physical property.
Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter. Two types of it intensive and extensive properties. This classification relates to the dependency of the properties upon the size or extent of the system or object in question.
An intensive property is a bulk property, meaning that it is a physical property of a system that does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system. Examples of intensive properties include temperature, refractive index, density, and hardness of an object.
Chemical properties of matter describes its "potential" to undergo some chemical change or reaction by virtue of its composition. What elements, electrons, and bonding are present to give the potential for chemical change. For example : Metals in general have they chemical property of reacting with an acid.
Flammability - The susceptibility to combustion is a chemical property and the susceptibility to combustion is unknown. Fire tests are performed to determine how difficult or easy it is to burn a particular material.
Heat of Combustion - This chemistry is the amount of energy released as heat when a substance burns with oxygen.
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.
Question 18 of 20
Which two options are forms of kinetic energy?
A. Sound energy
B. Chemical energy
C. Gravitational energy
D. Nuclear energy
E. Thermal energy
SUBMI
The two options are forms of kinetic energy are : the sound energy and the thermal energy.
The two forms of kinetic energy are : the sounds energy and the thermal energy. The kinetic energy is the type of energy that an object posses because of its motion. The five forms of the kinetic energy are : The mechanical energy , the electrical energy , the light energy , the thermal energy and the sound energy. so, the kinetic energy is the energy due to the motion of object.
Thus, The two options are forms of kinetic energy are : the sound energy and the thermal energy.
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Subatomic particles can usually pass undeflected through an atom because the volume of an atom is composed of.
Subatomic particles can usually pass undeflected through an atom because the volume of an atom is composed of mostly space.
What are subatomic particles?The positively charged nucleus of an atom is surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. The electrons are in constant motion, moving around the nucleus in a random pattern. The size of an atom is determined by the size of this electron cloud. Most of the volume of an atom is actually empty space.
Subatomic particles are usually able to pass through an atom undeflected because they are so much smaller than the atom itself. The nucleus of an atom is only a tiny fraction of the size of the atom, and the electrons are even smaller. Subatomic particles can easily pass through the spaces between the nucleus and the electrons.
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how many atoms in bcc
In a bcc unit cell, there is one atom in the body's center and eight others in each of the cell's eight corners. The unit cell is entirely made up of the atom at the center of the body. Each corner atom contributes one eight to the unit cell. Therefore, 818+1=2 atoms make up the entire number of atoms in the unit cell.
the body-centered cubic is named after the central atom. However, there are eight corners, each of which has a shared atom with seven unit cells nearby. As a result, each corner of the unit cell contains 1/8 of an atom, which adds up to 1 whole atom.
A unit cell is the smallest repeating arrangement of atoms found in a crystal. The body-centered cubic (BCC) unit cell, a third typical metal packing arrangement, includes one atom in the cube's core in addition to atoms at each of its eight corners. The corner atoms in each unit cell will be divided among eight unit cells because each corner atom is the corner of another cube. The central atom and the eight eighths from the corners make up the BCC unit cell's total of two atoms.
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in the cytoplasm, some of the lactose is converted into , which binds the site of the lac repressor.
The lac operon is a group of genes that make up an mRNA. These genes are those that allow the consumption of lactose through the proteins of the bacteria, as is the case with E. Coli.
The Lake RepressorThe lac operon is made up of three genes, which constitute the mRNA, that is, the factor responsible for promoting the union and decomposition of lactic acid in bacteria, the process occurs as follows:
The lacZ gene codes for lactose and breaks it down into molecules called monosaccharides.The lacY gene favors the transport of lactose within the bacterium.Once the product reaches the positive regulator, transcription is achieved thanks to the binding of the catabolite-activating protein.For more information about lactose here: https://brainly.com/question/1453722
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Explain how we can use length to measure mass.
The lenght multiply with the tall and the tichkness
Explain how the information from the timuli i communicated to the brain. Pleae Hurry Do not know how to give brainliet but if I figure it out I will try if I have ome. And pleae make ure the anwer i right, Thankyou
We know; Neurons communicate using both electrical and chemical signals.
What is neuron?
The basic building blocks of the brain as well as nervous system are neurons. They are the cells that receive sensory information from the outside world, send motor commands to our muscles, as well as transform and relay electrical signals at each stage along the way. Beyond that, our interactions with them shape who we are as people. However, our approximately 100 billion neurons can interact closely with other cell types that are generally referred to as glia. Neurogenesis, which can occur in adults, is the process of the brain producing new neurons. Consider a neuron as a tree for an effective analogy. Dendrites, axons, and the cell body, or soma, are the three main components of a neuron.
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which 2 layers of the earth are made out of rock and what are the 2 not made out of rock
Crust and mantle are the layers made up of rock whereas the inner core and outer core are not made up of rock.
What are the crust and mantle layers of the earth?The mantle is present below the crust which is about 2900 km thick. It comprises hot, dense rocks made up of iron and magnesium. The crust and the upper portion of the mantle make up the lithosphere which is divided into plates that is large and small.
Earth has three layers i.e. the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is made of solid rocks as well as minerals. The mantle layer is present beneath the crust layer which is also mostly made up of solid rocks and minerals as well as semi-solid magma.
So we can conclude that Crust and mantle are rocky layers whereas the inner core and outer core are not.
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What dose Eph stand for
Identify What season is the Northern
Hemisphere experiencing in the image above?
Season is the northern hemisphere experiencing in the image above is winter
Northern hemisphere is the half of the earth that lies north of the equator and earth tilted axis causes the season and throughout the year different part of the earth receive the sun most direct rays and so when the north pole tilt toward the sun and when its south pole tilt toward the sun its winter in the northern hemisphere and our northern winter is in dec, Jan and Feb
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What is the most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions?.
The most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions is Thermal Energy.
What do you mean by Thermal energy in chemistry?
Thermal energy is also referred to as heat energy. It is produced when a rise in temperature which causes atoms and molecules to move faster and collide with each other. The energy that is generated due to the temperature of the heated substance is called thermal energy.
Examples of thermal energy include : Solar Energy. Solar radiation, Geothermal Energy ,Heat Energy From the Oceans and Fuel Cell Energy.
There are three types of thermal energy transfer
conductionradiation convection.Hence, the most common form of kinetic energy that is released from chemical energy in chemical reactions is Thermal Energy.
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I need help with my project!!!!!
Unit Essential Question: How can we harness Earth's energy for our community's needs?
Problem:
We need environmentally-friendly forms of energy.
Wind and solar farms take up lots of space/habitats, and
impact the animals around them.
Challenge
There's a new parcel of land that is being developed in the Antelope
Valley and three companies are bidding on the contract. One company will use solar energy to power the
development, one company plans to use wind power, and your company is using geothermal energy to
power it. Many people don't want to see solar and wind farms for aesthetic reasons and for harm to
natural habitats. So, there's been a growing demand for geothermal energy.
You will be developing a parcel of land with a building that harnesses
geothermal energy from the ground below. You will make a plan and
present it to the class. Create a slides presentation.
Project Criteria for Success:
To prepare for your presentation, discuss the components below. In your presentation, please include the
following:
• A description of your building or development - including what type of building you used (i.e.
school, housing, hospital, church, ranch/farm, park, etc...).
A model (i.e. diagram, physical, or simulation) that describes the forms of energy (i.e. kinetic and
potential energy) involved in your building
how energy (i.e. thermal energy) is transferred in your building
A discussion about the benefits and drawbacks of using geothermal energy in the Antelope Valley
as compared to solar and wind as an energy source.
Answer:
Use a school
Explanation:
You could use a building like a school then you could use the lights as thermal energy then you make up an example of potential energy and when is this assignment due?
write the balanced equation for this reaction, and explain how it is possible for 10 grams of methane fuel to burn and emit 27 grams of carbon dioxide. discuss whether or not this reaction obeys the law of conservation of mass. source stylesnormalfontsize
The balanced equation is CH4(g)+2O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(g) In the burning reaction, methane (CH₄) reacts with oxygen (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O): CH₄ + 2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2 H₂O
This reaction obeys the law of conservation of mass because nothing was created or destroyed just rearranged.
This means that the total mass of reactants and products involved in the equation must be the same. A balanced chemical equation always obeys the law of conservation of mass. According to this law, the mass of the product must equal the mass of the reactants. A chemical reaction is said to be balanced when the total mass of the atoms on both sides of the chemical reaction is equal.
According to this law, both physical and chemical changes follow the law of conservation of mass. Nuclear reactions are the only ones that do not obey the law of conservation of mass. In chemical reactions, atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Reactant atoms simply rearrange to form products. Therefore, there is no mass change in chemical reactions.
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2. note 1 in part 1 of the procedure warns against the use of acetone to rinse glassware for this experiment. why should acetone be avoided? briefly explain
Acetone is avoided because can harm the nervous system. Symptoms include headache nausea dizziness lightheadedness and confusion. Severe exposure may result in unconsciousness. Skin Contact May cause slight irritation.
Do not breathe vapors. Avoid contact with eyes skin and cloth. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. The storage area should be cool, well-ventilated, and away from sources of ignition and heat. Breathing or swallowing large amounts of acetone in a short period of time can cause headaches confusion nausea increased heart rate changes in blood cell size and count and unconsciousness or coma.
Inhalation of acetone may irritate the nose throat lungs and eyes. Acetone occurs in humans as a byproduct of fat metabolism. Excessive accumulation of acetone to levels that the liver has difficulty breaking down results in severe acetone toxicity. Volumes of 10-20 liters have no serious effects. However, volumes over 50 L are considered toxic.
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Calculate the enthalpy of solution per mole NaOH (s) to form a 1.0 M NaOH solution. The mass of the solution is about 52 g (H2O + NaOH). The specific heat of the NaOH solution is about 3.90 J g-1 °C-1. Show all of your work.
The enthalpy of solution per mole NaOH (s) is 0.075 J.
Enthalpy, belonging to a thermodynamic gadget, is the sum of the machine's inner strength and the made of its stress and volume. it's far a state function used in many measurements in chemical, organic, and bodily systems at a steady pressure, which is without problems furnished by way of the massive ambient environment.
Calculation:-
H = mΔHf
ΔHf = H/m
= 3.90/52
= 0.075
Enthalpy is the quantity of inner electricity contained in a compound while entropy is the amount of intrinsic disorder inside the compound. Enthalpy is zero for elemental compounds consisting of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas; consequently, enthalpy is nonzero for water (no matter segment.
In thermochemistry, the enthalpy of solution is the enthalpy exchange related to the dissolution of a substance in a solvent at regular strain resulting in limitless dilution. The enthalpy of the answer is most usually expressed in kJ/mol at a steady temperature.
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Compound X has a relative molecular mass of 88
Deduce the molecular formula of compound X.
Answer:
Explanation:
Butanoic acid С₄Н₈0₂
M = 4·12 + 8·1 + 2·16 = 88
The empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio. The molecular formula of the compound X with a relative molecular mass of 88 is Butanoic acid and the molecular formula is C₄H₈O₂.
What is molecular formula?The formula in which the actual number of all the atoms of various elements present in one molecule of the compound is represented is known as the molecular formula.
The molecular formula of a compound is a whole number multiple of its empirical formula.
Molecular formula = n × Empirical formula
Here butanoic acid has the molar mass 88.11 g/ mol and its molecular formula is C₄H₈O₂. It is a straight chain alkyl carboxylic acid and it is an oily colourless liquid. It is also used as a food flavoring agent and a safe food additive.
Thus the compound X is Butanoic acid or Butyric acid.
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why only the 2 flasks were inflated with gas (and the others did not)? what are the best conditions (explain each: best temperature, best amount of food, and best ph) that would yield the most amount of fermentation product? why did the litmus paper turn red in the experiment? what are the products of fermentation?
Fermentation can be defined as an anaerobic process in which energy can be released from glucose even if oxygen is not available.
Explain the above process.
1.Sucrose in presence of yeast gives Ethanol + CO2
The evolution of CO2 is the reason of inflation, if sugar is not present in the any of the flask reaction doesn't occur and no inflation.
2.The optimum temperature range for yeast fermentation is 32-35 degree Celsius.
Optimum pH range is 4.0-8.5
Carbohydrates containing food are best for fermentation.
Products of fermentation are alcohol and CO2. Type of alcohol depends on the type of food used for fermentation.
3. Litmus paper turns red because the product is alcohol.
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The bond order of any molecule containing equal numbers of bonding and antibonding electrons is ________.
The bond order for any molecule having an equal number of bonding and antibonding electrons is zero.
The "degree" of the bond is best described by the bond order. For instance, the bond order of a triple bond is 3, while the bond order of double bond is 2. One can imagine that each electron contributes to the bonding or antibonding characteristic. Half of the bonding feature is contributed by each electron in a bonding molecular orbital. Half of the antibonding feature is contributed by each electron in an antibonding molecular orbital. Bond order is zero when bonding and antibonding character are equal. Therefore, the bond order is 0 when the number of bonding and antibonding electrons is equal.
Mathematical proof is also possible.
Bond Order: ½(Antibonding electrons - bonding electrons)
When both are equal. Suppose number of both electrons is x then,
Bond Order: ½(x – x) = 0
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Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to the chemical properties of sulfur, s?.
Answer:
tellurium
Explanation:
Thus, elements under the same group share similar chemical properties. Among the given elements, only tellurium belongs to group 16, and is, hence, the only element among the choices that is similar chemically to sulfur.
Calculate the number of moles of He atoms present in 5.55 g of He.
2
The number of moles of He atoms present in 5.55 g of He is 1.3 moles
Mole is the SI unit of amount of substance of a specified elementary entity and the the helium is the chemical element and inert gas element
Here given data is
He = 5.55 g
Molar mass of He = 4.0g/mol
So number of moles = 5.55 g of He × 1 mol/4.0g/mol
Number of moles = 1.3 mole
The number of moles of He atoms present in 5.55 g of He is 1.3 mole
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80 g of sodium hydroxide reacts with excess sulfuric acid to produce 142 g of sodium sulfate. What mass of sodium hydroxide would be needed in order to make 50 g of sodium sulfate?.
28.16 grams of Sodium hydroxide would be required to make 50 grams of sodium sulfate.
The gram is a unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI) which is equal to one thousandth of a kilogram. Gram is something that is related to the mass as well.
Mass is actually the measure of the amount of matter in a substance or any object. The basic SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg), but usually the smaller masses may be measured in grams (g). To measure mass, you would use a balance or even a scale.
In the above question it is said that 80 grams of Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid to produce 142 grams of sodium sulfate. So then to produce 50 grams of sodium sulfate, the amount of Sodium hydroxide will be;
⇒ 80 × 50 = 28.16 grams
142
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Clo3− draw the molecule by placing atoms on the grid and connecting them with bonds. Include all lone pairs of electrons. Show the formal charges of all nonhydrogen atoms.
The formal charges of all nonhydrogen atoms are -1.
Solution:-
O 7-4 = 3 O Double bond on one H 5-4 = 1
O-Cl-O 6-7 = -1x4 = -4 N 5-4=1 H-N-H 1-1=0
O 3-4= -1 O O 6-7 = -1(2)=-2 H 1-0=+1
6-6 = 0 1-2 = -1
It will percentage its last valence electron thru a single bond to the terminal oxygen atom. This is in agreement with carbon and hydrogen atoms that each need to form 4 and 1 covalent bonds respectively. because the terminal oxygen atom best has a single covalent bond, it'll have a proper rate of -1.
According to the lewis structure of SO2, The critical atom is sulfur and it is bonded with 2 oxygen atoms thru a double bond. each oxygen atom acquires 2 lone pairs of electrons and the primary sulfur atom has 1 lone pair of electrons.
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what are the major products obtained upon treatment of methyl phenyl ether with excess hbr? multiple choice phenol and bromomethane correct phenol and methanol bromobenzene and bromomethane bromobenzene and methanol
Phenol and bromomethane are the major products obtained upon treatment of methyl phenyl ether with excess HBr.
What do you mean by Phenol and Bromomethane?
Phenols are a class of chemical compounds which consist of a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. The simplest of the class is phenol, C6H5OH. Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge discovered Phenol in the year 1834. It was extracted from coal tar.
Bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with formula CH3Br. It is a colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas which is produced both industrially and biologically. It consist of a a tetrahedral shape and is recognized as a ozone-depleting chemical.
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How did the gummy bear’s “skin” act as a selectively permeable membrane?
Any material such as in this case the gummy bear’s “skin” acts as a selectively permeable membrane if it allows the passage of certain substances from both sides of the barrier.
What is a selectively permeable membrane?A selectively permeable membrane is any barrier that allows the movement of substances to both sides in regard to concentration gradients or the presence of certain structures such as channel proteins in the case of the cell membrane.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a selectively permeable membrane such as the cell membrane allows the movement of substances between both sides of the barrier in a selective way.
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g in your own words, summarize the issue of ocean acidification: what is it and what's causing it?
Ocean acidification refers to a reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused primarily by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
Because of human-driven increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, there is more CO2 dissolving into the ocean. The ocean's average pH is now around 8.1, which is basic (or alkaline), but as the sea continues to absorb more CO2, the pH decreases and the ocean becomes more acidic.
How does ocean acidification affect us?
Ocean acidification can modify the abundance and chemical composition of harmful algal blooms in such a way that shellfish toxicity increases and, therefore, human health are negatively affected.
How we can reduce ocean acidification?
The most effective way to limit ocean acidification is to act on climate change, implementing solutions to dramatically reduce the use of fossil fuels. If we dramatically cut our global warming emissions, and we limit future warming, we can significantly reduce the harm to marine ecosystems.
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Write a balanced equation for the following word equation:nitrogen dioxide + water + oxygen arrow nitric acid
Answer:
2H2O+4NO2+O2=4HNO3
Explanation:
LEFT HAND SIDE(L.H.S) RIGHT HAND SIDE(R.H.S)
N=1X10X2 =20 N=1X10X2=20
H=2X5X2 =20 H=1X10X2=20
O=1X5X2+10X2X2+2 X5 O=3X10X2=60
=60
First multiply H2O by 2 to get an even no. of oxygen on L.H.S
make a similar chart at every turn to record the changes in number.
then multiply R.H.S by 2 to equate the hydrogen
multiply N by 2 on LHS to equate them.
the no of O changes
Multiply RHS by 2 again,
equate the LHS by multiplying NO2 by 2 again, i.e total 4
you now have the answer
Which of these "curved arrows" describe a mechanism for the formation of a carbocation that has roughly the same stability as this one? HHH - H- C- C 70-I CH H H-C-H Н AA only [B] B only [C] C only [D] B and C only [E] A and C only Explanation for your choice (4 pts)
The correct answer is B and C only.
Nonlinear arrows with barbs on one-stop are used to signify electron waft. A double-barbed arrow suggests the motion of an electron pair, while an unmarried-barbed arrow indicates the movement of an unmarried electron. A full head on the arrow indicates the movement or shift of an electron pair A partial head at the arrow indicates the shift of an unmarried electron.
The factor of the curved double-headed arrow is to expose the movement of an electron pair. They start on the tail and end up at the pinnacle. Arrows are universally acknowledged for indicating guidelines. they may be broadly used on signage and for wayfinding, and are frequently used in avenue surface markings. Upward arrows are frequently used to indicate a growth in a numerical fee and downward arrows suggest a decrease.
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