Consider two pure-breeding lines of grapes, P1 and P2. The average diameter of P1 grapes is 1.2 cm and the variance is 0.30 cm2. The average diameter of P2 grapes is 1.6 cm and the variance is 0.56 cm2. The two pure-breeding lines are crossed to produce F1 progeny. Based on this description, which of the following statements is false?
a) VG for F1 is > 0
b) VP for P1 < VG for P2
c) VE for F1 is > 0
d) VG for P1 = 0
e) VG for P2 = 0

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

a)

Explanation:

From the given information:

The avg diameters:

For P1 grapes =1.2 cm

For P2 grapes = 1.6 cm

Their vairance is also given as follows:

For P1 = 0.30 cm²

For P2 = 0.56 cm²

Recall that:

the phenotypic variance VP = genetic variance (VG) + environmental variance VE

As stated that P1 and P2 lines are pure breeding lines, which means that the diameter of the seed in F1 was around halfway between the two parents' and the difference in the F1 was close to the parents'.

This implies that, provided the parent lines exist as pure breeding;

The genetic variation would be absent, indicating that VG is zero.

VP = VE  and VG = 0

Now, averaging the results of two pure breeding lines, we have:

[tex]V_E = \Big (\dfrac{0.30 + 0.56}{2} \Big) \\ \\ V_E = \dfrac{0.86}{2} \\ \\ V_E = 0.43 \ cm^2[/tex]

The formula used in estimating F1 genetic variance can be expressed as:

VP = VG + VE

Recall that

VE = VP = 0.43 cm²

0.43 = VG + 0.43

VG = 0.43 - 0.43

VG = 0

Thus, The statement that is false is in Option a.

VG for F1 is > 0


Related Questions

Please hurry 100 points

Answers

Answer:

I am sorry but I don't have any information on this question.

Answer:

What's the question

Explanation:

A population of wolves predates a population of moose on Isle Royale, Michigan, where there are fewer wolves than moose to start. The wolves prey on the moose and eat well, allowing them to have abundant offspring. However, as the wolf population rises, the moose population drops, and over time, the wolf population begins to drop also because of the reduced availability of resources. As the wolf population drops, moose are able to better survive and reproduce, causing the moose population to rise. With this abundance of moose, the wolf population is able to rebound until their population exceeds the moose population’s ability to support the number of wolves. Which population dynamic does this series of oscillations represent?

Answers

Complete question:

A population of wolves predates a population of moose on Isle Royale, Michigan, where there are fewer wolves than moose to start. The wolves prey on the moose and eat well, allowing them to have abundant offspring. However, as the wolf population rises, the moose population drops, and over time, the wolf population begins to drop also because of the reduced availability of resources. As the wolf population drops, moose are able to better survive and reproduce, causing the moose population to rise. With this abundance of moose, the wolf population is able to rebound until their population exceeds the moose population’s ability to support the number of wolves. Which population dynamic does this series of oscillations represent?

Delayed density dependence Delayed density independence Extinction vortex Carrying capacity

Answer:

Delayed density dependence

Explanation:

The Delayed density dependence occurs when two species are in interaction (prey-predator or parasite-host), and the dynamic of each population follows the dynamic of the other population. The natality and mortality rates of one species follow the rates of the other species.

Delayed density dependence dynamics regulate populations and allow the occurrence of equilibrium or balance in nature.

Predator-prey scenarios

Assuming that the prey lives in the ideal environment with no predators, it shows an exponential growth rate. Prey can grow, develop, and reproduce, increasing its population size. The more available items, the more predator there will be. The predator population increase in size, and its presence affects the prey populations, leading it to decrease. So there are fewer available items to prey on.    

The prey population also affects the predator population. After the increase in the predator population size, the number of available prey decreases. The predator lives in an ideal environment but depends on the prey density. The more predators there are, the fewer prey there will be left. The predator population decreases exponentially due to the item's lack. The predation rate depends on density as well as natality and mortality rates.

So, to sum up,

prey population increases in sizepredator population increases in sizeprey population decreases in sizepredator population decreases in size

In this particular example, the wolves population follows the moose population and vice-versa. It is not simultaneous. It happens with a delay.

Moose influences the wolf population because they are their source of food. The more moose, the more wolves there are. The fewer moose, the fewer wolves there are.

This is a density-dependent dynamic because both populations are affected when they reach a high value.

Which of the following shows the correct progression of organisms on the planet?
a. Reptiles, fish, hominins
b. Fish, reptiles, hominins
c. Prokaryotes, angiosperms, gymnosperms
d. Reptiles, mammals, fish

Answers

The correct progression of the organisms listed is   : ( B )

Fish, reptiles, hominins ( B )

The existence of organisms on the planet started millions of years ago and these organisms gradually progressed from one type to another.

Oldest organism

The first and oldest organisms that existed on earth where the prokaryotes which where in existence around 3800 million years. But following the correct order of progression of organisms as represented in the options is :

Fish  Reptiles  Hominins

This is because Fish existed about 450 million years before Reptiles which started existing about 315 million years while Hominins also known as Homosapiens where among the last organisms to inhabit the planet through their existence.

Learn more about Organism progression : https://brainly.com/question/14694305

Answer:

the answer is (B) fish, reptiles, and hominins

Explanation:

g The primary detrimental effect of the presence of large amounts of biodegradable organic materials in water is ________. The primary detrimental effect of the presence of large amounts of biodegradable organic materials in water is ________. it rises to the surface and absorbs wavelengths needed by aquatic plants it causes the water to become murky it decomposes endothermically causing the temperature of the water to decrease below the limits within which most aquatic organisms can live it causes oxygen depletion in the water it causes death of bottom dwelling organisms because it agglutinates and settles to the bottom, poisoning bottom dwelling organisms

Answers

Answer:

It causes oxygen depletion in the water

Explanation:

When the amounts of organic matter in the water are significant, the activity of aerobic bacteria and other decomposers increases.  

Organic matter suffers decomposition in the presence of oxygen. Microorganisms degrade it while consuming dissolved oxygen in the process. Bacteria show fast and exponential growth, so the more organic matter, the more aerobic bacteria, and the less available oxygen in the water.

Organisms that usually inhabit these waters are affected by the lack of oxygen. Plants, algae, animals, and other invertebrates that need it to survive, find themselves limited in these environmental conditions. Eventually, they dye and contribute with more organic matter.

Little by little, sedimentation begins caused by the death of vegetables and animals, sinking in the bottom.

When oxygen disappears, anaerobic bacteria grow and act, producing fermentation.

Which age pyramid has the largest base of pre-reproductive population ?

Answers

Answer:

By looking at all the age population pyramids, this would be my best guess. Every territory is different with various populations, however, to the best of my knowledge, it would be the expansive pyramid. Expansive population pyramids are used to describe populations that are young and growing.

ead the statement.

For an organism, a section of the DNA code reads CAATCT. Over time, two species form from this population. Species 1 has a mutation in this region; it has CTATCT. Species 2 has another mutation; it has CAATAT.

Scientists discover a new organism, species 3. The new organism has the code CTATCG for the same section.

Which option is most likely true for species 3?
Select one:

Species 3 is not likely to be related to species 1, species 2, or their common ancestor.

Species 3 has most likely evolved from the same common ancestor as species 1 and species 2.

Species 3 has most likely evolved from species 1.

Species 3 has most likely evolved from species 2.

thanks for the help

Answers

Answer:

code reads CAATCT. Over time, two species form from this population. Species 1 has a mutation in this region; it has CTATCT. Species 2 has another mutation; it has CAATAT.

Scientists discover a new organism, species 3. The new organism has the code CTATCG for the same section.

Which option is most likely true for species 3?

Select one:

Species 3 is not likely to be related to species 1, species 2, or their

In the diagram below, which flower part will
become a seed?
Structure A
Structure D
Structure B
Structure C

Answers

The answer for this is C

Which of the following is true of pseudoscience and science?

A) Pseudoscience is testable and science is not testable
B) Pseudoscience cannot be tested and science is testable
C) Pseudoscience and science both use a lot of empirical evidence
D) Pseudoscience is based on facts and science is just opinion

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Pseudoscience is just based off of what people think happens

Answer:

C: Pseudoscience and science both use a lot of empirical evidence

Explanation:

Differences in traits such as hair texture are determined by differences in

Answers

genes or genetic traits

Answer:  genes or genetic traits. These genes determine what physical characteristics a human will possess. They are determined by the parents of an offspring and vary from person to person

Explanation:

1)What is the importance of conjugation?
2)How do fungi obtain nutrients?
3)Which one is not a charactersitic of all animals?

Answers

Answer:

evolution of bacterial genomes.

Explanation:

Conjugation plays an important role in evolution of evolution of bacterial genomes.Human pathogenic bacteria may have acquired many of the virulent traits, as well as antibiotic resistance by conjugation.

What does it mean when organisms are in the same horizontal line
in a cladogram​

Answers

Answer:

A cladogram is a diagram used to represent a hypothetical relationship between groups of animals, called a phylogeny. A cladogram is used by a scientist studying phylogenetic systematics to visualize the groups of organisms being compared, how they are related, and their most common ancestors. A cladogram can be simple, comparing only two or three groups of organisms, or it can be enormously complex and contain all the known forms of life.

Cladogram design is universal, although simple. A cladogram consists of the organisms being studied, lines, and nodes where those lines cross. The lines represent evolutionary time, or a series of organisms that lead to the population it connects to. Nodes represent common ancestors between species. At some point in the past a population of common ancestor organisms was divided, giving rise to the different organisms being studied. Some cladograms show evolutionary time through the scale of the lines, longer lines meaning more time. Some cladograms chose to show extinct species, while others omit them. Any particular cladogram is formulated specifically for the use it is needed.

breathe free

Describe what happened to the colored water and the pieces of paper after the holes were punched in the material covering the beaker

Answers

Answer:

The paper spreads over the surface of water and the colored water sunk to the bottom.

Explanation:

The paper hole punches were spread over the surface of the water in the large beaker due to lower density of paper as compared to water whereas the colored water had sunk to the bottom. Convection currents is the driving force that caused the pieces of paper to move over the water's surface. At the surface, the water cools and becomes more denser so the coloring sank toward the bottom of the beaker creating convection currents that will leads to the presence of paper on the surface of water.

What can leaves do that roots cannot?

Answers

[tex]\huge{\textbf{\textsf{{\color{pink}{An}}{\red{sw}}{\orange{er}} {\color{yellow}{:}}}}}[/tex]

carry out photosynthesis

Answer:

2 carry out photosynthesis

Roots in the ground, it cannot.


Only a single drop of water is needed to make a smear?
a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

true,only a single drop of water can cause a smear

What are some featured species in the deep sea?

Answers

What is so fascinating about our deep blue sea is the fact that there could be so many more species than the ones we know about. Our oceans are so vast and deep anything could really be down there. I don't exactly know what you mean by this question but I can give you some deep-sea creatures that have been discovered, although some sound equivalent to science fiction, they are in fact real.

- Giant Isopod: they are a species of aquatic crustacean. Their appearance is that of a much larger bug, similar to those "rolly polly" bugs. They reside in the deep sea scuttling along the seabed and ultimately harmless to humans.

- Vampire Squid: This creature looks similar to many other squids such as their squid-like bodies and tentacles, however, what makes this squid unique is its black webbed skin (resembling a vampire cape) and its red eyes. The vampire squid's body is covered in photophores that produce light to attract prey.

- Frilled Shark: This is an odd-looking shark that lurks in the deep sea. It looks almost pre-historic and can grow up to a length of 7ft with a typical shark fin further down its back as well as the well-known rows of sharp teeth. Its gills appear to be frilled hence its name.

- Anglerfish: These deep-sea creatures are pretty commonly known. They are frightening-looking fish with long thin teeth lining their mouth and the notable luminescent fin ray that it uses to lure other fish to eat.

So these were just some notable deep-sea creatures that I have heard of and I wrote some information about them. Hope this helped :)

How does pre existing genetic factors and environmental factors both affect your chances to get cancer

Answers

Pre existing genetic factors means that if there is a history of getting cancer their is a higher chance future generations will have it

Environmental factors like radiation

Why do you think some organisms have only one cell, but humans have about 100 trillion?

!PLEASE HELP!

Answers

Humans have loads of cells so they can reproduce so it doesn’t matter if a cell dies e.g. when you cut your skin it fixes itself. Organisms with 1 cell will easily die and probably not live very long unless they can breed.

Geothermal electricity-generating plants produce
Your answer:
ash.
methane.
O carbon dioxide.
no excess heat.
no greenhouse gases.

Answers

Answer:

3/C. carbon dioxide

Explanation:

use mathematical representation to predict motion of objects in the solar system -

Answers

Explanation:

Kepler's laws describe common features of the motions of orbiting objects, including their elliptical paths around the sun. ... Use mathematical and computational representations of Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motion that apply to moons and human-made satellites.

Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.

Assessment Boundary: Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler’s Laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.

Explain why all types of evidence can be useful in court.

Answers

Answer:

Well

Explanation:

Because, it'll bring them closer into solving the case.

PLZ HELP ASAP (BRAINLIEST)

The orbital radii of four planets in our solar system is shown in the following table.


Orbital Radii
Planet Orbital Radii (AU)
W 5.2
X 0.72
Y 0.37
Z 19.1


Which planets are likely to be inner planets?
W and X
X and Y
Y and Z
X and Z

Answers

Planet X
Explanation:
The orbital radii of planet X is the smallest which means that is closest to the sun. The distance to the star determines the temperature of the planet. Closer the planet, more likely it would have higher temperature. So planet X has highest temperature most likely.
In the solar system, there is exception, mercury is closest to sun but Venus which is the second planet from the sun has highest temperature. This is because mercury has no atmosphere and Venus has very thick atmosphere which traps the solar radiation and heats up.

Answer:

x and y

Explanation:

x and y have the smallest orbital radius so they are likely to be inner planets while w and z have bigger orbital radius so the probability of them being inner planets is low.

Hope this helps.

Following proper safety guidelines _______.
a.
minimizes the chance of accidents occurring in lab
b.
involves using a fire extinguisher
c.
prevents accidents from occurring in lab
d.
requires using a safety shower


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
B
C
D

Answers

Answer:

the answer is either a or c. I don't really recommend c so its A

Answer: a

Explanation: accidents could be minimized by following safe guidelines.  But we cant be 100percent preventive, because its an accident.

please help i am giving brainliest

The endocrine system is linked to the nervous system because many of the chemicals are produced or regulated by the __________.

a. brain

B. tongue

c. nose

No dam links

Answers

Answer:

a.Brain

Explanation:

Hypothalamus: The hypothalamus  is in the lower central part of the brain. It links the endocrine system and nervous system. Nerve cells in the hypothalamus make chemicals that control the release of hormones secreted from the pituitary gland.

I’m guessing a.brain

please help i am giving away brainiliest

The ______________ system is a collection of glands that produce and secrete hormones.

A. endocine

B. reproductive

C. immune

No dam links

Answers

Answer:

A: endocine

Explanation:

b) ¿Qué beneficios tienen los programas de vacunación sistemática de una población? ¿Que objetivos persiguen?Justifica la respuesta

Answers

La respuesta correcta para esta pregunta abierta es la siguiente.

A pesar de que no se anexan opciones o incisos para responder, podemos comentar lo siguiente.

Los beneficios que tienen los programas de vacunación sistemática de una población son varios. Entre ellos, mantener un programa continuo y esquemático de reforzamiento de la inmunidad de las personas para fortalecer la prevención de enfermados y limitar que se esparza esa enfermedad entre la población.

¿Qué objetivos persiguen?

El poder inmunizar a la población de manera masiva y llevar un mejor control del registro de vacunación, Este tipo de programas se enfoca en la prevención de la enfermedad y protege a la mayoría de la población, sobre todo a la vulnerable.

As a student how can you uphold the Sustainable Development Goals amidst the current environmental situation our country is facing?

Answers

Get Informed About the Global Goals. ...
Educate Your Friends, Colleagues, and Families on the Global Goals. ...
Explore The Realities of the Global Goals, and What They Mean for Your Community and Country. ...
Give Your Time and Skills.

What would happen is rabbits from a warm, southern climate were moved to a cold, northern climate?

Answers

Answer:

They would freeze and it would be hard to find food because they are not accustomed to the different climate. They would also be easy prey because of the environment change they are not equipped for.

Answer:

The answer would be that they would adapt by growing thicker coats.

Explanation:

If hair growth is related to temperature then the rabbits will grow more hair to adapt the cold norther climate.

(plz mark me brainliest)

In the carbon cycle, carbon from the nonliving environment becomes a
part of living organisms through

A. photosynthesis.

B. cellular respiration.

C. transpiration

D. absorption

Answers

[tex]\huge{\textbf{\textsf{{\color{pink}{An}}{\red{sw}}{\orange{er}} {\color{yellow}{:}}}}}[/tex]

A. Photosynthesis

thankshope it helps

Please answer!! I will give you brainliest!!!!!!

Answers

warm front

// answer was short so added this text //

Answer:

choice: D (Warm font)

Explanation:

QUESTION 17
20. Which of the following is not a protein involved in muscle function?
Catt
troponin
myosin
tropomyosin
actin
QUESTION 18

Answers

The 4 proteins that are involved in muscle contraction are:

Thick filaments contain myosin, thin filaments contain actin , troponin and tropomyosin.

Hence, the answer is "Catt."

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