Answer:
The output is
C
A
Explanation:
Given
The given code segment
Required
The output of test_1()
When test_1() is called from main, the following is executed:
def test_1():
test_3() ---- This calls test_3()
print("A") --- This is then executed after test_3() has been executed
For test_3()
def test_3():
print("C") --- This prints C
Back to test_1()
print("A") --- This prints A
So, the output is:
C
A
In this exercise we have to use the knowledge of computational language in python to write the code.
We have the code in the attached image.
The code in python can be found as:
def test_1():
test_3()
print("A")
def test_3():
print("C")
Back to test_1()
print("A")
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Can you use Python programming language to wirte this code?
Thank you very much!
Using the knowledge of computational language in python it is possible to write code that repeatedly prompts a user for integer numbers until the user enters 'done'. Once 'done' is entered, print out the largest and smallest of the numbers.
Writting the code:largest = None
smallest = None
while True:
num = input("Enter a number: ")
if num == "done":
break
try:
x=int(num)
except ValueError:
print('Invalid input')
continue
n= int(num)
if smallest is None:
smallest = n
elif n < smallest:
smallest = n
if largest is None:
largest = n
elif n > largest:
largest = n
print("Maximum is", largest)
print ("Minimum is", smallest)
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Consider the following fragment in an authentication program:
username = read_username();
password = read_password();
if username is "133t h4ck0r"
return ALLOW_LOGIN;
if username and password are valid
return ALLOW_LOGIN
else return DENY_LOGIN
What type of malicious software is this?
This trojan has a back door. Trojans are the most common category for backdoor malware. A Trojan is a malicious computer software that poses as something it's not in order to spread malware, steal data, or access your system through a backdoor.
What do computer security back doors entail?A backdoor is a way to get into a computer system or encrypted data bypassing the system's normal security safeguards. An operating system or application backdoor may be created by a developer to allow access for troubleshooting or other purposes.
What varieties of backdoor exist?two primary types of backdoors, Conventional (hidden parameters, redundant interfaces, etc) (hidden parameters, redundant interfaces, etc.) Protection for PWD.
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Consider the following code segment, which is intended to assign to num a random integer value between min and max, inclusive. Assume that min and max are integer variables and that the value of max is greater than the value of min.double rn = Math.random();int num = /* missing code */;Which of the following could be used to replace /* missing code */ so that the code segment works as intended?
The following could be used to replace the /* missing code */ so that the code segment functions as intended: int onesDigit = num% 10 and int tensDigit = num / 10.
Which of the following sums up the code segment's behavior the best?Only when the sum of the three lengths is an integer or when the decimal portion of the sum of the three lengths is higher than or equal to 0.5 does the code segment function as intended.
Is there a section of code in the system process where the process could be updating a table, writing a file, modifying common variables, and so on?Each process contains a portion of code known as a critical section (CS), where the process may change common variables, update a table, or perform other operations creating a file, etc. The crucial aspect of the system is that no other process should be permitted to run in its CS when one is already in use.
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24) What is an incident? Select one: A. Any violation of a code of ethics B. Any violation of your security policy C. Any crime (or violation of a law or regulation) that involves a computer D. Any active attack that causes damage to your system
Answer: C. Any crime (or violation of a law or regulation) that involves a computer
Explanation:
An incident is any event that could potentially disrupt the normal functioning of a system, organization, or individual. In the context of computer security, an incident is typically a violation of security policies or laws, such as a cyber attack or unauthorized access to a computer system.
which of the following describes the basic networking rules managing the assembly and transmission of information on the internet.
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP are the fundamental networking standards that govern how information is assembled and transmitted over the internet (Internet Protocol).
Which of the following describes a data state where information is sent through a network?Data that is being moved between sites across a private network or the Internet is referred to as data in transit, also known as data in motion. While it is being transferred, the data is exposed.
Which of the following describes a set of guidelines for Internet data transfer?In computer science, a protocol is a set of guidelines or instructions for transferring data between computers and other electronic devices. A prior agreement regarding the information's structure and the channels through which each side will send and receive it is necessary for computer information sharing.
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You've just installed a new video card in a user's Windows workstation. However, when you power the system on, the screen is displayed in 16 colours at 640 x 480 resolution. Which of the following will resolve this problem?
Download and install the latest driver from the video card manufacturer's website.
From the manufacturer's website, you should download the most recent video driver. Windows utilized a generic VGA or SVGA driver since it lacked the appropriate driver. A video card, often referred to as a graphics card, video adapter, video board, or video controller, is an expansion card that attaches to a computer's motherboard. You couldn't see this page without a video card because it is used to make images for displays. In plainer terms, it's a piece of hardware in your computer that handles some CPU-typical activities, such processing photos and video. Due of their additional processing power and visual RAM, video cards are preferred by gamers over integrated graphics.
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this is not a primitive data type. it is actually a predefined class. it is know as a reference type. it is used to store a group of characters such as a name.
String undoubtedly isn't a primitive data type. This data type is derived. Because they make references to objects, derived data types are also sometimes known as reference types. To execute out operations, they invoke methods.
What is datatype in Programming languages?
Data types are commonly used to define the type of a variable in programming and databases.
This establishes, for instance, which operations can be carried out on certain variables and which result in mistakes.
For instance, adding mathematical operations like additions to a text cannot be done.
In computer science, data types are designated for which a particular set of operations can be performed without any problem.
These actions can be carried out on all data that correspond to a certain data type, and it is ensured that no error message will be displayed.
For instance, the "Add" and "Subtract" operations are specified for the "Integer" data type. This indicates that any two "Integers" data type items can be added or subtracted without resulting in a mistake.
On the other hand, because this is not specified for the data type, two objects of the "String" data type cannot do this action.
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Which of the following need to be taken into consideration during the system security planning process?
A. how users are authenticated
B. the categories of users of the system
C. what access the system has to information stored on other hosts
D. all of the above
During the system security planning process, it is important to evaluate how the following users are authenticated.
What is planning process?
The sorts of users on the system, their rights, the kinds of information they can access, and how and where they are defined and validated should all be taken into account during the system planning process. Planning for system security aims to better secure information system resources. All federal systems are sensitive to some extent, and as part of sound management practise, they must be protected. A system security plan must include a description of how a system will be protected. No matter the objectives of a security policy.
It is impossible to ignore any of the three key requirements of confidentiality, integrity, and availability because they all support one another.
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It's crucial to consider how the following users are authenticated while considering the security of the system.
The planning process is what.During the system design process, it is important to consider the different types of system users, their rights, the types of information they may access, and how and where they are defined and validated. The goal of system security planning is to increase the security of information system resources. All federal systems are somewhat delicate, and they must be safeguarded as part of good management practices. A description of a system's defenses must be included in a system security strategy. Regardless of a security policy's goals.
The three fundamental needs of secrecy, integrity, and availability cannot be disregarded.
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activity a. question 5 a: which parent combination(s) yield only white offspring? question 1 options: black and black black and white white and white none of the above
The parent combination(s) yield only white offspring, black and black. The correct option is a.
What is offspring?The young creation of living things is called an offspring, which can be created by a single organism or, in the event of sexual reproduction, by two organisms.
A group of offspring is sometimes referred to as a brood or progeny in a more generic sense. Your biological parents are the ones who gave birth to you. Basically, this is another term for kids. Offspring include young humans, horses, gorillas, lizards, and gorillas. When a mother gives birth to quadruplets, she subsequently has a large family.
Therefore, the correct option is a, black and black
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I am working on "8.8.7 Chart of Lots of Rolls" in JavaScript if anyone has done this lesson please tell me your code i cant seem to figure this out
Using knowledge in computational language in JAVA it is possible to write a code that print the results os each roll.
Writting the code:sim_t_ind <- function(n, m1, sd1, m2, sd2) {
# simulate v1
v1 <- rnorm(n, m1, sd1)
#simulate v2
v2 <- rnorm(n, m2, sd2)
# compare using an independent samples t-test
t_ind <- t.test(v1, v2, paired = FALSE)
# return the p-value
return(t_ind$p.value)
}
Can arrays copyOf () be used to make a true copy of an array?There are multiple ways to copy elements from one array in Java, like you can manually copy elements by using a loop, create a clone of the array, use Arrays. copyOf() method or System. arrayCopy() to start copying elements from one array to another in Java.
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Which of the following keywords are relevant to exceptions in Python?
I. def
II. except
III. try
1)II and III
2)II only
3)I and II
Answer:
1)II and III
Explanation:
try:
# Code here
except:
# If previous code fails, new code here
a person who has had a corpus callosotomy (i.e., split-brain surgery) who sees something in their left visual field can point to it with the____.
A corpus callosotomy is a brain-splitting surgical operation that helps persons with generalised epilepsy experience fewer atonic episodes.
What is corpus callosum?
The fact that split-brain patients can only accurately respond to stimuli in the left visual field with their left hand and to stimuli in the right visual field with their right hand and vocally is another important component of the conventional view. While reaction continues to be broadly unified, perception seems to be more divided. The performance of people with split brains is significantly impacted by whether a stimulus appears in the left or right visual hemifield. Left hand, right hand, or verbal responses, on the other hand, seem to have significantly little or no impact at all.
The two hemispheres of the brain cannot communicate with one another if the corpus callosum is severed.
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:
A data analyst is deciding on naming conventions for an analysis that they are beginning in R. Which of the following rules are widely accepted stylistic conventions that the analyst should use when naming variables? Select all that apply.
A
Use all lowercase letters in variable names
B
Begin all variable names with an underscore
C
Use an underscore to separate words within a variable name
D
Use single letters, such as "x" to name all variables
All lowercase letters should be used in variable names, and underscores should be used to separate words. These accepted stylistic principles aid in readable coding.
What conventions should be adhered to while naming variables?A variable name must be preceded by a letter or the underscore symbol ( ). No name for a variable can begin with a number. Only underscores (_), a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and alphanumeric characters are permitted in variable names. Variable names are case-sensitive (age, Age and AGE are three different variables)
What is the standard Java naming convention for the identifier ?Each and every identifier must start with a letter (from A to Z or a to z), a dollar sign ($), or an underscore ( ). Identifiers can have additional characters after the first one.
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Fill in the blank: A data analyst wants to quickly create visualizations and then share them with a teammate. They can use _____ for the analysis.
1 / 1 point
the R programming language
structured query language
a dashboard
a database
A data analyst wants to quickly create visualizations and then share them with a teammate. They can use the R programming language for the analysis.
What is R programming language?R programming language is the programming language that can be use for computing the statistical calculation and statistical graphics.
Since the data analyst is working with the statistical data for the analysis and the data analyst want to create visualization and share it with a teammate. So, the suitable programming language for statistical data and visualization such as graphics is R programming language.
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You want to build a virtualization workstation that will be used to run four different server operating systems simultaneously to create a test lab environment. Each guest operating system only requires 20 GB of storage on the host workstation. Which of the following is the MOST important piece of hardware needed for this system to run efficiently?
ATX mobo
5400 RPM hdd
Multi core processor
dedicated gpu
The most important piece of hardware needed for this system to run efficiently is a multicore processor. The correct option is c.
What is a virtualization workstation?Another name for a client device connected to a virtual machine (VM) that hosts desktops and apps is a virtual workstation. These virtual machines are supported by hypervisor software, which is housed on a single piece of potent hardware.
On a host with 4GB of RAM, you can run 3 or 4 basic virtual machines, but you'll need additional resources if you want to operate more virtual machines. Depending on your real hardware, you can also build big virtual computers with 32 processors and 512GB of RAM.
Therefore, the correct option is c, Multi-core processor.
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of the following software packages integrated into an enterprise resource planning system, which one is used by engineers in the design process?
Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. is used by engineers in the design process.
What is CAD?
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is a software-based technology used to create, edit, analyze, and optimize designs. It is used by engineers, architects, and other design professionals to create accurate 3D visualizations of products and structures. CAD software enables professionals to quickly create designs and make modifications with the help of a variety of tools. It has revolutionized the way engineers, architects, and other design professionals work, allowing them to create more efficient designs, improve product quality, and reduce costs. CAD also helps reduce design errors and improve accuracy. CAD models can be used to create 3D drawings, blueprints, and prototypes, and can be used to simulate how a product will behave in the real world. CAD also enables professionals to collaborate more effectively on projects, since they can share and exchange data quickly and easily.
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the formation of a connection, especially a physical one, between parent and infant shortly after birth is known as . (remember to type only one word in the blank.)
The formation of a connection, especially a physical one, between parent and infant shortly after birth is known as Bonding,
Holding is the extraordinary connection that creates among guardians and their child. It inspires parents to lavish their child with love and affection, as well as to safeguard and care for their infant. Bonding forces parents to get up in the middle of the night to feed their hungry baby and makes them more aware of the baby's many different cries.
There is still a lot that scientists don't know about bonding. They are aware that the strong bonds that exist between parents and children serve as the infant's first role model for intimate relationships and foster a sense of safety and confidence in one's own abilities. Additionally, the social and cognitive development of a child can be impacted by parents' responses to an infant's signals.
A baby needs to bond with its parents. Even when the mannequins were made of soft material and provided the baby monkeys with formula, studies of newborn monkeys who were given mannequin mothers revealed that the babies were better socialized when they had live mothers to interact with. Additionally, the baby monkeys with mannequin mothers were more likely to be depressed. Scientists believe that human infants' lack of bonding may cause similar issues.
The majority of infants are ready to bond right away. On the other hand, parents might be conflicted about it. Within the first few minutes or days of giving birth, some parents experience a strong sense of attachment to their child. Others might have to wait a little longer.
However, bonding is a process that cannot be accomplished in a matter of minutes or within a predetermined amount of time after birth. Bonding is often a byproduct of daily caregiving for many parents. You may not actually know it's going on until you notice your child's most memorable grin and abruptly understand that you're loaded up with affection and bliss.
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the sdlc phase should define the specific security requirements if there is any expectation of them being designed into the project
In the requirement phase, "the software development lifecycle (SDLC) define the specific security requirements, if there is any expectation of them being designed into the project".
The requirements phase is where you decide on the setup of the software. It tells your development team what to do and without it, they can't get their job done. Appropriate software security should be considered from the outset; to make sure your software platform is solid, not unstable brick and sand.
Software security can be considered during the requirement stage with what we call a “secure software requirement”. The requirements phase of the secure software development lifecycle looks at the resilience, reliability, and resilience of your software. Is your software resistant to attacks? Is your software trustworthy under attack? And can your software quickly recover from even the most advanced attacks? These issues require attention and experience, so a security professional plays an important role in the requirements phase of your SSDLC project.
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Which of the following are broad categories of wireless antenna that are based on coverage? (Choose two.)
A. Omnidirectional
B. SSID
C. Unidirectional
D. WLAN
E. Wired Equivalent Protocol (WEP)
Thus, directional and omnidirectional antennas are the two fundamental types.
Which technology are used by WLANs?Instead of using physical connections, WLANs offer network connectivity using radio waves, such as laser and infrared signals. They support IEEE 802.11 specifications and enable wireless network connection using high-frequency radio waves (such as those on the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands).
Which multiple access method does the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN standard employ?Carrier-sense multiple access/collision avoidance is also known as CSMA/CA. It is a multiple access protocol that is used with the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN standard.
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Select the correct locations on the image.
Hari purchases a new keyboard for his laptop. Which port can he use to connect his laptop to the keyboard?
HDMI
DisplayPort
USB-C
Thunderbolt
Answer:
correct option is A)HDMI trust me
Explanation:
g with a and c being arrays of double precision floating point numbers with each element being 8 bytes. no element of a or c is in the cache before executing this code. assuming that the cache is large enough to hold both a and c, and has a cache block size of 64 bytes, determine
The number of cache misses that occur when executing the following code segment.
What is code segment?
A code segment is a portion of code within a computer program that performs a specific task. It is a section of code that can be reused multiple times throughout a program and is often referred to as a "chunk" of code. Code segments are typically used to improve code readability and reduce complexity by allowing the same code to be used multiple times in different places within a program. Code segments also allow for easier debugging, as errors can be found quickly by searching for the code segment instead of searching through the entire program. Code segments are common in programming languages such as Java, C++, and Python.
There will be 6 cache misses when executing this code segment. The first two misses will occur when loading a into the cache. The next two misses will occur when loading c into the cache. The fifth miss will occur when loading the value of a into the cache. The sixth and final miss will occur when loading the value of c into the cache.
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soil texture also affects soil nutrient levels. make a claim about the relative soil nutrient levels in clay loam compared to loamy sand soils.
The percentage of sand, silt, and clay particles (less than 0.002 mm), which make up the mineral portion of the soil, is referred to as the soil texture. These three textural classes can be found in varying amounts in loam.
Sand improves porosity. Silt gives the soil structure. Through adsorption to soil particles, clay imparts chemical and physical qualities that affect the soil's capacity to absorb nutrients.
The following soil characteristics are impacted by soil texture:Capacity for holding water, Nutritional holding power, Erodibility, Workability, root encroachment, Porosity, Soil fertility and nutrient management are impacted by soil texture:
Sandier soils are where Sulphur deficiency is most common.
Sandier soils readily leach nitrogen.
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Using the SELECT statement, query the track table to find the average length of a track that has an album_id equal to 10.
244370.8837
393599.2121
280550.9286
394052.8309
The average length in the specified case that has an album id equal to 10 will be (C) 280550.9286, according to the Select statement.
What is a select statement?To choose data from a database, use the SELECT statement.
The information received is kept in a result table known as the result set.
A database table's records are retrieved using a SQL SELECT statement in accordance with clauses (such FROM and WHERE) that define criteria.
As for the syntax: the following query: SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1, table2 WHERE column2='value';
The SELECT statement's fundamental syntax is as follows: SELECT column1, column2, columnN FROM table name; In this statement, the fields of a table whose values you wish to retrieve are column1, column2,...
Fortunately, Microsoft Access supports a wide range of query types, with select, action, parameter, and aggregate queries among the most popular.
So, in the given situation according to the Select statement, the average length that has an album id equal to 10 will be 280550.9286.
Therefore, the average length in the specified case that has an album id equal to 10 will be (C) 280550.9286, according to the Select statement.
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Correct question:
Using the SELECT statement, query the track table to find the average length of a track that has an album_id equal to 10.
(A) 244370.8837
(B) 393599.2121
(C) 280550.9286
(D) 394052.8309
in the nineteenth century, which of the following methods were used to market opera excerpts to domestic consumers? which were not used?
Opera excerpts are sold to consumers in the United States using wind band medleys, four-hand piano arrangements, voice, and guitar arrangements.
Which of the following best represents the florid melodic lines that characterize a nineteenth-century singing style?A fine song (Italian, "beautiful singing") Early nineteenth-century elegant Italian vocal style characterized by melodies that are lyrical, rich, and florid and that highlight the beauty, agility, and fluency of the singer's voice.
What is one of the operas that is most commonly performed?The majority of opera performances around the world consist of 35 operas; the first three operas in the 2019–20 season are La Traviata by Verdi, Carmen by Bizet, and La Bohème by Puccini.
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Use elicitation techniques that you have learned during the course to
elicit requirements from us, the Stakeholders. You will be given the
following opportunities during the Weekly Q&A Sessions to elicit
requirements from us.
1. 11.01.2023: First 15 minutes of the Q&A Session.
2. 18.01.2023: First 15 minutes of the Q&A Session.
2. TIP: You can use the time until the above elicitation sessions to
prepare the various elicitation techniques that you would like to use.
3. Based on the requirements you have elicited from us based on our live
interactions, prepare a comprehensive requirements document
containing both textual and model-based requirements documentation.
The way to prepare a comprehensive requirements document containing both textual and model-based requirements documentation is given below
How to elicit requirements from stakeholders?The general guidance on how to elicit requirements from stakeholders.
One approach is to use a variety of elicitation techniques, such as interviews, focus groups, workshops, and surveys, to gather information from stakeholders about their needs and expectations for the project. These techniques can be used to gather both textual and model-based requirements, including functional requirements (what the system should do), non-functional requirements (how the system should behave), and constraints (limitations on the system).It is important to involve all relevant stakeholders in the elicitation process to ensure that all of their needs and concerns are taken into account. It is also important to be clear and specific in your questions and to listen carefully to the responses in order to accurately capture the requirements.Therefore, Once the requirements have been elicited, it is important to document them clearly and accurately in a comprehensive requirements document. This document should include both textual and model-based requirements, as well as any relevant diagrams or models that help to communicate the requirements to the development team and other stakeholders.
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On Saturdays, your best friend goes to the local farmer's market to sell his homemade craft root beer. He wants to add the ability to take credit card payments from customers on his mobile phone. Which of the following devices should he purchase and configure?
Options are :
O Memory card reader
O IR reader
O Bluetooth card reader (Correct)
O DB-9 reader
Answer:
Based on the options provided, the best device for your friend to purchase and configure would be a Bluetooth card reader. This type of device connects wirelessly to a mobile phone or tablet through Bluetooth technology, allowing your friend to accept credit card payments from customers using his mobile phone.
A memory card reader is a device that is used to read and transfer data from a memory card, such as an SD card, to a computer or other device. An IR reader is a device that reads data using infrared technology, which is typically used for short-range communication. A DB-9 reader is a type of connector that is used to connect devices using a 9-pin serial connection. It is not typically used for accepting credit card payments.
Overall, a Bluetooth card reader would be the most appropriate device for your friend to use in order to accept credit card payments from customers at the farmer's market using his mobile phone.
Explanation:
Use tools and analysis techniques to study and reason about critical properties of the concurrent systems, including security protocols
Write a Python program that makes a database of students. A student's record Have the following fields: • first_name • last_name • studentld grade_in_school (i.e. 7th or 8th grade) • grade_in_class (i.e. A or B) The program will ask the user to insert a number of student's records from the keyboard, collect their information. Based on the following menu selections implement the following functionality: a) Print the student's records on the screen. Use a self-defined clean tabular Format b) Display the records of all 8th graders c) Display the records of all students with an A in the class who are seven graders d) Display the records of the students whose last name starts with the letter "M"
Using the knowledge in computational language in python it is possible to write a code that will ask the user to insert a number of student's records from the keyboard
Writting the code:D = dict()
n = int(input('How many student record you want to store?? '))
# Add student information
# to the dictionary
for i in range(0,n):
x, y = input("Enter the complete name (First and last name) of student: ").split()
z = input("Enter contact number: ")
m = input('Enter Marks: ')
D[x, y] = (z, m)
# define a function for shorting
# names based on first name
def sort():
ls = list()
# fetch key and value using
# items() method
for sname,details in D.items():
# store key parts as an tuple
tup = (sname[0],sname[1])
# add tuple to the list
ls.append(tup)
# sort the final list of tuples
ls = sorted(ls)
for i in ls:
# print first name and second name
print(i[0],i[1])
return
# define a function for
# finding the minimum marks
# in stored data
def minmarks():
ls = list()
# fetch key and value using
# items() methods
for sname,details in D.items():
# add details second element
# (marks) to the list
ls.append(details[1])
# sort the list elements
ls = sorted(ls)
print("Minimum marks: ", min(ls))
return
# define a function for searching
# student contact number
def searchdetail(fname):
ls = list()
for sname,details in D.items():
tup=(sname,details)
ls.append(tup)
for i in ls:
if i[0][0] == fname:
print(i[1][0])
return
# define a function for
# asking the options
def option():
choice = int(input('Enter the operation detail: \n \
1: Sorting using first name \n \
2: Finding Minimum marks \n \
3: Search contact number using first name: \n \
4: Exit\n \
Option: '))
if choice == 1:
# function call
sort()
print('Want to perform some other operation??? Y or N: ')
inp = input()
if inp == 'Y':
option()
# exit function call
exit()
elif choice == 2:
minmarks()
print('Want to perform some other operation??? Y or N: ')
inp = input()
if inp == 'Y':
option()
exit()
elif choice == 3:
first = input('Enter first name of student: ')
searchdetail(first)
print('Want to perform some other operation??? Y or N: ')
inp = input()
if inp == 'Y':
option()
exit()
else:
print('Thanks for executing me!!!!')
exit()
option()
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b) What types of problems may arise if a software project is developed on ad hoc basis?
Answer:
Since ad-hoc testing is done without any planning and in unstructured way so recreation of bugs sometime becomes a big trouble. The test scenarios executed during the ad-hoc testing are not documented so the tester has to keep all the scenarios in their mind which he/she might not be able to recollect in future.
Ad-hoc testing is done in an unplanned, unorganized manner, making it sometimes very difficult to recreate issues.
What is ad hoc?The definition of the phrase "ad hoc" is "not in order, not organized, or unstructured." In a similar vein, ad-hoc testing is nothing more than a form of behavioral or black-box testing.
Without adhering to any formal method, such as a test strategy, test cases, or requirement documentation, ad hoc testing is performed. Similarly to this, there is NO formal testing procedure that can be recorded when performing ad-hoc testing.
Ad-hoc testing is typically used to identify problems or flaws that cannot be detected through the regular approach.
Therefore, the test scenarios that are carried out during ad-hoc testing are not documented, thus the tester must keep all of the situations in mind as they may be difficult to recall in the future.
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an obvious way to extend our arithmetic expressions is by also allowing the declaration of variables with immediately assigning a value computed by an expression. this type of expression is commonly referred to as let-expression. so we have additionally: syntax: a let-expression is a tuple let(x y z) where x is an atom giving the variable name and y and z are expressions. semantics: the first expression inside a let-expression defines the value to be assigned to the variable introduced in the let-expression. the second expression can refer to the variable introduced. in some sense, a let-expression is similar with a local statement, except the fact that the former returns the value of an expression, whereas the latter is a statement (it just does some computations). example: {eval let(x mult(int(2) int(4)) add(var(x) int(3))) env} should return 11. the variable x will be bound to the value of the expression mult(int(2) int(4)), which is evaluated to 8. after that, the second expression, add(var(x) int(3)), is evaluated to 8 3, and its result, 11, is returned. hints: one needs environment adjunction as well here which is implemented by record adjunction. the mozart system provides a specific function for adding features and values to the records, namely: {adjoinat r f x} takes a record r, a feature f, and a new field x and returns a record which has a feature f with the value x in addition to all features and fields from r except f. examples: (of using adjoinat) {adjoinat a(x:1 y:2) z 7} returns a(x:1 y:2 z:7) {adjoinat a(x:1 y:2) x 7} returns a(x:7 y:2) write an oz program considering let-expressions (extending the previous expression evaluators from past homeworks).
The codes are:
fun {EvalLet E Env}
local X in
{Browse E}
case E of let(X _ _) then
case {LookupEnv X Env} of false then {EvalLet {Tail E} {AdjoinAt Env X {Head E}}}
[] true then {EvalLet {Tail {Tail E}} Env}
[] _ then {Eval E Env}
end
end
{EvalLet let(x mult(int(2) int(4)) add(var(x) int(3))) emptyRecord}
what is mozart system?
A music technology system called the Mozart System is built on the Perl programming language. In the 1980s and early 1990s, researchers at Stanford created it. The system includes tools for audio creation and performance, as well as capabilities for authoring and modifying musical scores. With Mozart, users may concentrate on musicality rather than the finer points of computer programming because it is supposed to be an elevated system. It includes a broad range of synthesis & performance capabilities along with a number of graphs for entering and editing musical scores. Additionally, the system is made to be expandable, enabling users to develop own devices and effects. Mozart is frequently used in many contexts.
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