Answer:
Explanation:
The Juvenile Justice System
A separate juvenile justice system was established in the United States about 100 years ago with the goal of diverting youthful offenders from the destructive punishments of criminal courts and encouraging rehabilitation based on the individual juvenile's needs. This system was to differ from adult or criminal court in a number of ways. It was to focus on the child or adolescent as a person in need of assistance, not on the act that brought him or her before the court. The proceedings were informal, with much discretion left to the juvenile court judge. Because the judge was to act in the best interests of the child, procedural safeguards available to adults, such as the right to an attorney, the right to know the charges brought against one, the right to trial by jury, and the right to confront one's accuser, were thought unnecessary. Juvenile court proceedings were closed to the public and juvenile records were to remain confidential so as not to interfere with the child's or adolescent's ability to be rehabilitated and reintegrated into society. The very language used in juvenile court underscored these differences. Juveniles are not charged with crimes, but rather with delinquencies; they are not found guilty, but rather are adjudicated delinquent; they are not sent to prison, but to training school or reformatory.
In practice, there was always a tension between social welfare and social control—that is, focusing on the best interests of the individual child versus focusing on punishment, incapacitation, and protecting society from certain offenses. This tension has shifted over time and has varied significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and it remains today.
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Suggested Citation:"The Juvenile Justice System." National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. 2001. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/9747.×
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In response to the increase in violent crime in the 1980s, state legal reforms in juvenile justice, particularly those that deal with serious offenses, have stressed punitiveness, accountability, and a concern for public safety, rejecting traditional concerns for diversion and rehabilitation in favor of a get-tough approach to juvenile crime and punishment. This change in emphasis from a focus on rehabilitating the individual to punishing the act is exemplified by the 17 states that redefined the purpose clause of their juvenile courts to emphasize public safety, certainty of sanctions, and offender accountability (Torbet and Szymanski, 1998). Inherent in this change in focus is the belief that the juvenile justice system is too soft on delinquents, who are thought to be potentially as much a threat to public safety as their adult criminal counterparts.
It is important to remember that the United States has at least 51 different juvenile justice systems, not one. Each state and the District of Columbia has its own laws that govern its juvenile justice system. How juvenile courts operate may vary from county to county and municipality to municipality within a state. The federal government has jurisdiction over a small number of juveniles, such as those who commit crimes on Indian reservations or in national parks, and it has its own laws to govern juveniles within its system. States that receive money under the federal Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act must meet certain requirements, such as not housing juveniles with adults in detention or incarceration facilities, but it is state law that governs the structure of juvenile courts and juvenile corrections facilities. When this report refers to the juvenile justice system, it is referring to a generic framework that is more or less representative of what happens in any given state.
The United States developed the world’s first modern mass democracy and celebrate a new national culture. In what ways does he highlight the impact of this new system on the American people and others watching and learning about what was happening in America?
Answer:
I found this.. does it help u?
Explanation:
I. The nation's transformation to a more participatory democracy was accompanied by continued debates over federal power, the relationship between the federal government and the states, the authority of different branches of the federal government, and the rights and responsibilities of individual citizens. (POL-2) (POL-5) (POL-6) (ID-5)
A. As various constituencies and interest groups coalesced and defined their agendas, various political parties, most significantly the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans in the 1790s and the Democrats and Whigs in the 1830s, were created or transformed to reflect and/or promote those agendas.
B. Supreme Court decisions sought to assert federal power over state laws and the primacy of the judiciary in determining the meaning of the Constitution.
Teachers have flexibility to use examples such as the following: •McCulloch v. Maryland, Worcester v. Georgia
C. With the acceleration of a national and international market economy, Americans debated the scope of government's role in the economy, while diverging economic systems meant that regional political and economic loyalties often continued to overshadow national concerns. • New England opposition to the Embargo Act, Debates over the tariff and internal improvements
D. Many white Americans in the South asserted their regional identity through pride in the institution of slavery, insisting that the federal government should defend that institution.
II. Concurrent with an increasing international exchange of goods and ideas, larger numbers of Americans began struggling with how to match democratic political ideals to political institutions and social realities. (CUL-2) (POL-3) (POL-6) (WOR-2)
A. The Second Great Awakening, liberal social ideas from abroad, and Romantic beliefs in human perfectibility fostered the rise of voluntary organizations to promote religious and secular reforms, including abolition and women's rights.
Teachers have flexibility to use examples such as the following: • Charles G. Finney, Seneca Falls convention, Utopian communities
B. Despite the outlawing of the international slave trade, the rise in the number of free African Americans in both the North and the South, and widespread discussion of various emancipation plans, the United States and many state governments continued to restrict African Americans' citizenship possibilities. • American Colonization Society, Frederick Douglass
C. Resistance to initiatives for democracy and inclusion included proslavery arguments, rising xenophobia, anti-black sentiments in political and popular culture, and restrictive anti-Indian policies.
III. While Americans celebrated their nation's progress toward a unified new national culture that blended Old World forms with New World ideas, various groups of the nation's inhabitants developed distinctive cultures of their own. (ID-1) (ID-2) (ID-5) (CUL-2) (CUL-5)
A. A new national culture emerged, with various Americans creating art, architecture, and literature that combined European forms with local and regional cultural sensibilities. • the Hudson River School, John James Audubon
B. Various groups of American Indians, women, and religious followers developed cultures reflecting their interests and experiences, as did regional groups and an emerging urban middle class.
C. Enslaved and free African Americans, isolated at the bottom of the social hierarchy, created communities and strategies to protect their dignity and their family structures, even as some launched abolitionist and reform movements aimed at changing their status.
Teachers have flexibility to use examples such as the following: • Richard Allen, David Walker, Slave music
What program did Franklin Roosevelt develop to provide supplies to the English in spite of U.S. neutrality laws?
Answer: Lend-lease act
Explanation:
i dont really know how to explain how i got this answer but i read alot of history hope this help
Which statement might have been made by federalist?
A.Only a Bill of Rights will protect the people from the government.
B.Checks and balances will prevent corruption in the new government.
C.The constitution must be amended before we ratify it.
D.A weak government is the best government.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
I got it right in the test
'Checks and balances will prevent corruption in the new government', is the statement that might have been made by a federalist. Hence, option B is correct.
Who is a federalist?A federalist is a person who believes in the ideologies of giving powers equally in the hands of state as well as the federal government, by sharing it substantially between both the governments.
A federalist does not believe in the inclusion of a Bill of Rights, the significance of weak governance cannot be a positive sign, and a federalist will also not believe in ratification of the constitution.
Hence, option B holds true regarding federalist.
Learn more about federalist here:
https://brainly.com/question/236418
#SPJ5
Imagine you were just elected governor of your state. Based on your state's needs, what are the three most important
responsibilities you have to help the citizens? Which department head will you appoint first and why?
Why did people value silphium?fill in the blank
Answer: That's iready
Explanation:
Answer:
1. eat 2. taste 3. health
Explanation:
i did the quiz
the Progressive movement in the United States in the early
20th Century.
Answer:
Explanation:
Progressivism in the United States is a political philosophy and reform movement that reached its height early in the 20th century. ... Historian Alonzo Hamby describes American progressivism as a "political movement that addresses ideas, impulses, and issues stemming from modernization of American society.
Can you elaborate on the reason why there were inequities in the Ancient Egyptian social structure?
Answer: Symbolically, the social structure of Egypt can be placed pyramidally.
Explanation:
The social structure of Egypt is quite simple. At the head of the state stood a pharaoh who was the undisputed ruler of the state. In certain periods of Egyptian history, his reign was equated with the divine. Others on the list were priests. Ritual ceremonies, prayers, and sacrifices were their task and all to please the deities. Below them on the social scale were warriors, those who cared about the security of the state. Then came the free peasants who were mainly engaged in agriculture, and the last on the list were slaves.
Absorption Experiment
Answer the questions using the drop-down menus.
Which is the independent variable in this experiment?
Which is the dependent variable in this experiment?
Which is a controlled variable in this experiment?
Type of material, temperature of material, amount of heat materials received!!
Hope this helps
The amount of heat materials is an example of independent variable in this experiment.
The temperature of material is an example of dependent variable in this experiment.
The type of material is an example of controlled variable in this experiment.
Read more about variables
brainly.com/question/14289293
Answer:
1. Type of material
2.Temperature of material
3.Amount of heat materials received
Explanation:just answered them
Why did the Spanish American War impact the United States as an Imperial Power?
Answer:
In the December 1898 Treaty of Paris, Spain renounced all claim to Cuba, ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to the United States, and transferred sovereignty over the Philippines to the United States for $20 million
What is Pericles's point of view about allowing foreigners into Athens? Because foreigners can learn things, Pericles wants to ban them. O Pericles wants to watch foreigners carefully so Athens can profit from them. O Pericles thinks there should be more laws to protect Athenians from foreigners Although it might benefit the enemy, Pericles believes it shows Athens's good intentions.
Answer:
The answer is D.Although it might benefit the enemy, Pericles believes it shows Athens's good intentions.
Explanation:
I had the same question
Answer:
d
Explanation:
got it right on the assignment
What gave rise to the slave trade?
A- The lack of a skilled labor force in the Americas and the decline of the West African population caused residents to seek a living elsewhere.
B- The shipment of gold from the Americas to Europe caused plantation owners to seek inexpensive laborers.
C- The death of many American Indians to disease and the planting of labor-intensive crops.
D- The global expansion of the spice trade and the rise of Christianity in the Americas.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Because the Americans had vast sums of gold and sugar people were needed to harvest and mine them and when the Native Americans weren't enough they traded guns and other materials for slaves.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
C. The death of many American Indians to disease and the planting of labor-intensive crops. Just took the test
Are Muslims zoroastian need help
Answer:No they are not.
Explanation:
Answer:
Zoroastrian is a very old religion but i think muslims are zoroastrian
Explanation:
Explain how Spain’s final attempt to regain control over Mexico contributed to Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna’s rise to power.
Explanation:
answer is he helps them escape
Who wanted a limited or constitutional monarchy?
Answer:
The conservatives
Can someone help me to make an essay about Philippine territorial treaty. I just don’t know where do I start. :(((
Answer:
The relative straightforwardness with which the United States dispatched the Spanish group in Manila Bay was just the start of what might turn into an almost 50-year American presence in the Philippines. It was one thing to catch the islands, yet something else totally to set up a working organization. The Philippines envelops around 7,100 islands and sits almost 8,600 miles from Washington, DC. By the last part of the 1890s, it had an expected populace of 8 million.63 Dewey's triumph had come so quick that couple of in the McKinley organization seemed to have really thought about to what in particular came next.
Explanation:
MY ESSAY IS ON FIRE! MAKE ANY CHANGES IF YOU NEED TO!
PLEASE I REALLY NEED THIS RIGHT NOW!!!! EXTRA POINTS!!!!
Using complete sentences, analyze how the 14th, 15th, and 19th Amendments of the United States Constitution have influenced change in American society.
Answer:
The fourteenth amendment guaranteed rights for citizens (regardless of race, gender, or creed) who are born or naturalized within the United States. Although racism still exists today, it is clear that race is not a factor in citizenship. The fifteenth amendment guaranteed all African American males the right to vote, and the nineteenth amendment gave women the right to vote. The effects of the fourteenth and nineteenth amendment are clear. While all citizens over eighteen now have the right to vote, the 2008 election proved that the effects are more far-reaching. For the first time, the presidential race saw both an African-American and a female seriously competing for the presidency.
Explanation:
Edge 2020 or Time4Learning
which of the following was not a victim convicted or sentenced by the red hunters
hermano envia foto de lo que necesitas yo te ayudo
what was the voting experience like for African Americans after the Civil War?
Answer:
Voting Rights for African Americans
To the Colored Men of Voting Age in the Southern States: What a Colored Man Should Do to Vote, pamphlet circa 1900
A terrible and bloody Civil War freed enslaved Americans. The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution (1868) granted African Americans the rights of citizenship. However, this did not always translate into the ability to vote. Black voters were systematically turned away from state polling places. To combat this problem, Congress passed the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870. It says:
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Yet states still found ways to circumvent the Constitution and prevent blacks from voting. Poll taxes, literacy tests, fraud and intimidation all turned African Americans away from the polls. Until the Supreme Court struck it down in 1915, many states used the "grandfather clause " to keep descendents of slaves out of elections. The clause said you could not vote unless your grandfather had voted -- an impossibility for most people whose ancestors were slaves.
This unfair treatment was debated on the street, in the Congress and in the press. A full fifty years after the Fifteenth Amendment passed, black Americans still found it difficult to vote, especially in the South." What a Colored Man Should Do to Vote", lists many of the barriers African American voters faced.
The fight for African American suffrage raged on for decades. In the 1930s one Georgia man described the situation this way: "Do you know I've never voted in my life, never been able to exercise my right as a citizen because of the poll tax? ... I can't pay a poll tax, can't have a voice in my own government."
Demonstrators marching in the street holding signs during the March on Washington, 1963
Many brave and impassioned Americans protested, marched, were arrested and even died working toward voting equality. In 1963 and 1964, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. brought hundreds of black people to the courthouse in Selma, Alabama to register. When they were turned away, Dr. King organized and led protests that finally turned the tide of American political opinion. In 1964 the Twenty-fourth Amendment prohibited the use of poll taxes. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act directed the Attorney General to enforce the right to vote for African Americans.
The 1965 Voting Rights Act created a significant change in the status of African Americans throughout the South. The Voting Rights Act prohibited the states from using literacy tests and other methods of excluding African Americans from voting. Prior to this, only an estimated twenty-three percent of voting-age blacks were registered nationally, but by 1969 the number had jumped to sixty-one percent.
identify one historical process in south or southeast asia that accounts for the religion
Answer:
The "Srivijaya" was an empire which originated in Palembang, Indonesia in the 7th century. Besides focusing on international sea trade, it was also keen on its religion, the Mahayana Buddhism. It was also having an active trading relationship with the Islamic Caliphate located in the Middle East. Trading with different people influenced the empire into incorporating some of the learned practices and traditions. This is the reason why, as stated in the passage, Muslims also make up the religion of Srivijaya merchants in Quanzhou.
Explanation:
Which of these led to the formation of the United Nations?
A) a peace conference held after the surrender of Japan
B)an international conference held near the end of world war 2
C)a meeting of victorious nations after the defeat of Germany
D)a summit meeting between. The United States and the Soviet Union
Answer:
B)an international conference held near the end of world war 2
Protein deficiency can result in damage to connective tissue and bones, metabolic malfunctions,
and (5 points)
blindness and deafness
rapid weight loss
immune system irregularities
rapid weight gain
Answer:
rapid weight loss
Explanation:
Protein is important to the body as it gives energy, repairs worn out tissues, boosts immune system, helps build muscle, etc.
A deficiency in protein can result in damage to connective tissue and bones, metabolic malfunctions and RAPID WEIGHT LOSS.
Answer:
rapid weight loss
Explanation:
hope this helps
-mercury
What was the ancient Egyptian Cattle Count?
a system of trade
a form of currency
a system of taxation
a form of measurement
Answer:
c system of taxation
Explanation:
did the quiz
Answer:
C. System of Taxation
Explanation:
I am doing a biography about Walt Disney got any tips or something?
Answer:
On October 16, 1923, Walt Disney and his brother Roy found the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in Hollywood, California. After the success of the Alice Comedies and a series based on a character named Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney began work on his most famous creation.
Explanation:
I hope this helps
Answer:
i think u did excellent it looks good
Explanation:
The international community responded to human rights abuses in Sudan by:
O A. forcing Sudan out of the United Nations.
B. arresting all of Sudan's leaders.
C. overthrowing Sudan's government.
D. sending peacekeeping forces to Sudan.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
Which of these was a similarity between the Phoenicians and the Egyptians?
They traded with people in other regions.
They did not farm their land.
Their civilizations were ruled by pharaohs.
They had no social hierarchy.
Answer:
They traded with people in other regions.
Explanation:
They traded with people in other regions. They did not farm their land. Thier civilization were ruled by pharaohs.
Answer: They traded with people in other regions.
Explanation: I did the quiz! Good Luck!!
Summarize the reasons it is important that the people and not the government control the media in a democracy
Answer:
The ability to comprehend and scrutinize the connection between press and democracy is important because media has the power to tell a society's stories and thereby influence thinking, beliefs and behaviour.
Explanation:
In the year 1539... Fray Marcos reported seeing golden cities... In 1540, the
expedition of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado was disappointed in its search for the
Seven Cities of Cibola. This led Coronado to launch an unsuccessful search for gold
in Quivira...
-- adapted from Donald E. Chipman, "Seven Cities of Cibola," Handbook of Texas (Texas
State Historical Association)
5
What occurred as a result of the events described in the excerpt above?
A Spanish explorers used Native American guides to discover ancient cities of gold.
B Spain eventually abandoned the search for gold and began to establish missions.
C Spanish explorers found no gold and ceded the territory of Texas to France.
D French explorers discovered gold and were attacked by Spanish Conquistadors.
Answer:
B, Spain eventually abandoned the search for gold and began to establish missions.
Explanation:
Spanish explorers did use the guides but this was not after the exploration it was in the middle of it. D never happened because Coronados expedition never found gold or jewels. In 1769 the first mission from Spain was built in California and in 1632 Fort Angelo was built in Eastern Texas. From 1684-1689 Texas belonged to the French and Spain had Texas from 1690-1821. With this it looks like its B, Spain eventually abandoned the search for gold and began to establish missions. Maybe I am being too detailed oriented here but Spain did regain interest in Texas again because of the French so Spain never ceded Texas specifically to France they just abandoned it.
On a side note:
I never approached or even knew about this until you asked the question so I had to go to multiple sites and read all about Coronado's expedition and Spains history with France in Texas. Hopefully B is the correct answer but I believe but whats really confusing here is that if option C said "Spanish explorers found no gold and abandoned the territory of Texas leaving France to claim it." instead of "ceded to France" I would chosen C. I chose B based off of the fact that C is false from what I have read. Spain never ceded Texas to France they just abandoned it and after this Spain regained controls of Texas in 1690 and built missions from there on. Maybe your teacher did mean abandoned but him/ her using the word ceded specifically makes me think that choosing between B and C is very difficult because that was his intentions. I dont know how close to detail you should be looking at these questions so yeah I did what I could.
How did many celebrities, such as Charlie Chaplin, contribute to the American war effort
during World War I?
They helped promote bonds that helped America fund the war, known as Liberty Bonds
Many European celebrities were secretly pacing information to American intelligence services
They appeared in propaganda spots where they mocked the German Kaiser, thus making him
less threatening and raising American morale
They significantly helped Woodrow Wilson in reelection campaign which he ran on the premise
that he would intervene in what was then called The Great War
Answer:
They helped promote bonds that helped America fund the war, known as Liberty Bonds.
Explanation:
How did many celebrities, such as Charlie Chaplin, contribute to the American war effort during World War I? They helped promote bonds that helped America fund the war, known as Liberty Bonds.
Can someone help define these 9 terms:
41. Investigative Stops
42. Terry v Ohio
43. Reasonable Suspicion
44. Suspicious Activity
45. Temporary Detention
46. Safety Pat-down
47. U.S. v Sokolow
48. Drug Courier Profile
49. Totality of Circumstances
Answer:
Terry v ohio
Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968), was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court ruled that the Fourth Amendment's prohibition on unreasonable searches and seizures is not violated when a police officer stops a suspect on the street and frisks him or her without probable cause to arrest, if the police officer has a reasonable suspicion that the person has committed, is committing, or is about to commit a crime and has a reasonable belief that the person "may be armed and presently dangerous."investigative stop...A brief stop that is not intrusive. In order to conduct such a stop, a police officer must have reasonable suspicion that a crime been committed. This reasonable suspicion must be based on specific and articulable facts. criminal law and procedure.Reasonable suspicion is a legal standard of proof in United States law that is less than probable cause, the legal standard for arrests and warrants, but more than an "inchoate and unparticularized suspicion or 'hunch'Suspicious Activity Reports can cover almost any activity that is out of the ordinary.Answer:
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Explanation:
Which of the following South/Central American civilizations developed a sophisticated calendar that we somewhat
follow today?
A. Maya
B. Aztec
C. Moche
D. Inca
Answer: It should be the Maya.
Explanation: