What are the processes involved in cellular division?
Answer:
I hope this helps!!
Explanation:
The existence and perpetuation of life depend on the functioning of cells and their divisions. There are two important processes of cell division, which are inextricably linked with each other to maintain the progress of life. These processes are Mitosis and Meiosis.
After fertilization, when a sperm cell and an egg cell unite to form a new organism, it is expected to carry a double number of chromosomes because both the parents contribute their whole number of chromosomes as appropriate for the respective species. But the process of meiosis prevents the doubling of the chromosomes.
It reduces the total number of chromosomes in half so that the offspring (newly formed cell) can retain the same number of chromosomes as the parents. On the other hand, mitosis facilitates in forming of two daughter cells from a single cell where each new cell resembles the parent cell in every respect. Unlike meiosis, mitosis involves duplithe cation of chromosomal pairs, which is essential for cellular reproduction, especially during growth.
The Mechanism of Mitosis:
A specific process is required for forming two daughter cells out of a mother cell. This process is known as mitosis and it is usually divided into four stages, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and, telophase. In some cases, it is convenient to designate the transition from prophase to metaphase by the name of prometaphase. However, the whole process of the cycle of mitosis is a continuous one.
1. Prophase:
At the beginning of the prophase stage, the cell prepares itself to divide the chromosomes. It is the resting stage when the nucleus becomes a little larger. It also involves the condensation of the previously diffuse, invisible, or dispersed threads into visible chromosomes.
Each chromosome is optically double, which is composed of two identical and closely parallel strands or chromatids lying throughout their length. A chromosome bears a constriction or a narrow region of attachment to the spindle, which is called a centromere.
Constrictions other than the centromere are sometimes called ‘secondary constrictions’.At prophase s,tage the centromere and secondary constrictions look alike, but by metaphase, this distinction is clear because they develop entirely different relations to the spindle.
In this stage (prophase) the outlines of the chromatids present a slightly irregular woolly or hairy appearance. They do not, in general, show a series of granules (chromo-meres) as are seen at the meiotic prophase, and probably this is a real difference between the two. By the end of the prophase, the woolly appearance almost disappears and a smooth outline is visible.
2. Premetaphase:
At the end of the prophase, the nuclear membrane usually disappears and this stage may be defined as the period of spindle formation. During this stage, the chromosomes give an impression of struggling and pushing among themselves too to reach the equator of the developing spindle. The spindle is relatively a solid gelatinous body. It is composed almost entirely of protein with a very small amount of RNA.
The centrosome seems to act as an organizer of the spindle. The centrosome is the differentiated region of cytoplasm containing centriole, which is a minute granule present just outside the nuclear membrane. After the disappearance of the nuclear membrane, the centriole is doubled and the two centrioles move apart from each other to form the poles of the spindle.
The spindle fibers are probably bundles of protein molecules. A distinction may be made between continuous fibers and chromosomal fibers. The continuous fibers run from pole to pole whereas the chromosomal fibers connect the centromeres to the poles.
In the case of bipolar spindles, the equatorial plane is located perpendicular to the long axis, which is the midway between the poles. As the prometaphase proceeds, the chromosomes arrange themselves with their centromeres, on the equatorial plane of the spindle. It is the most dynamic stage which gives rise to a relatively static Metaphase.
WILL MARK BRAINLIST!!
Answer:
its gonna be a female
Explanation:
A frog has more offspring than can survive on available resources.
Which is this an example?
Which organism should be the least common in an ecosystem
Answer:
If you had to guess the most abundant organism on the whole planet, you'd probably think of ants or, maybe, bacteria. But a newly discovered virus might trump them all. Pelagibacter ubique is often cited as the most common organism ever: it's a third of all the single-celled organisms in the ocean.
Explanation:
thangks
What is the largest coral reef in the contiguous united states?.
1. Warm Up: How do scientists estimate how old fossils are (and thus, estimate
how long ago certain creatures were alive, and how long the earth has existed)?
Explain what you already know about this topic.
Help me
Answer:
Radiocarbon dating
Explanation:
Radiocarbon dating is a technique for determining the age of carbon-based materials derived from live beings. By measuring the quantity of carbon-14 in a sample and comparing it to an internationally accepted reference standard, an age may be determined. Radiocarbon dating is based on the basic principle that all living organisms absorb carbon from the atmosphere and food sources around them, including a small quantity of naturally radioactive carbon-14. When a plant or animal dies, it stops absorbing carbon, but the radioactive carbon it has stored decays.
How does water cycles involve biotic and abiotic factors?
Answer:
This recycling process involves both the living organisms (biotic components) and nonliving things (abiotic factors) in the ecosystem. Through biogeochemical cycles, water and other chemical elements are constantly being passed through living organisms to non-living matter and back again, over and over.
Explanation:
Eye color is controlled by one gene. There are two alleles for this gene:
Brown (B) and blue (b). The brown allele is dominant and blue allele is
recessive, however the brown allele is incompletely dominant over the
blue. A heterozygous individual has green eyes. What offspring could be
produced if two green eyed individuals mate?
Answer:
There are 16 possible genotypes and phenotypes that are listed in the punnett square. The ratio of phenotype is -
Brown : green : blue :: 12:3:1
Explanation:
plato
What is spermatogenesis and sporophyte?
Answer:
Explanation:
1. Production of sperm by meiosis
2. diploid generation which alternates with haploid (in plants)
A local biologist needs a program to predict population growth. the inputs would be: the initial number of organisms, as an int the rate of growth (a real number greater than 1), as a float the number of hours it takes to achieve this rate, as an int a number of hours during which the population grows, as an int
"A local biologist needs a program to predict population growth. the inputs would be..." The resultant code is
tp=sp
hours = 1
while (hours < t):
tp *= g
hours += r
print("The total population is " + str(int(tp)))
# the call function
What is a program?Generally, a program is simply defined as programming written into a computer or other equipment in order to do a certain task
In conclusion, to write a program that takes these inputs and displays a prediction of the total population must consider the parameters and the code platform (python), Hence
# on python interface required library is explored
import math
# describe the functions needed
def prediction():
sp = int(input("Enter the initial number of organism: "))
g = float(input("Enter the rate of growth [a real number > 0]: "))
while(g<1):
print ("Invalid.. growth rate.")
g = float(input("Enter the rate of growth [a real number > 0]: "))
r = int(input("Enter the number of hours to achieve the rate of growth: "))
t = int(input("Enter the total hours of growth: "))
tp=sp
hours = 1
while (hours < t):
# the calculation for tp
tp *= g
hours += r
print("The total population is " + str(int(tp)))
#call the created function
CQ
A local biologist needs a program to predict population growth. The inputs would be: 1. The initial number of organisms 2. The rate of growth (a real number greater than 1) 3. The number of hours it takes to achieve this rate 4. A number of hours during which the population grows. For example, one might start with a population of 500 organisms, a growth rate of 2, and a growth period to achieve this rate of 6 hours. Assuming that none of the organisms die, this would imply that this population would double in size every 6 hours. Thus, after allowing 6 hours for growth, we would have 1000 organisms, and after 12 hours we would have 2000 organisms. Write a program that takes these inputs and displays a prediction of the total population.
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if the mystery food is tofu, then... because...
Answer:
if the mystery food is tofu, then the indicator test for protein will be positive because tofu contains protein.if the mystery food is tofu, then the indicator test for protein will be positive because tofu contains protein.
Explanation:
hope this helps
Which of the following did Mendel conclude about patterns of inheritance?
A. An organism inherits one gene in total
B. An organism inherits two genes of a given trait during gamete production
C. Similar forms of genes account for variation in the inherited traits.
D. An organism inherits one gene for each trait
The following did Mendel conclude about patterns of inheritance is B. An organism inherits two genes of a given trait during gamete production. Thus, option "B" is correct.
Who is George Mendel?George Mendel was a famous biologist. His research was on genes and traits. His experiment shows how genes get transferred from parents to offspring. Also he stated about the behaviour and dominance and recessive nature of that alleles.
He also gives the possibility of the dominance of a trait over another trait. The different forms of genes are responsible for various types of inherited traits in an organism.
Thus, option "B" is correct.
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Answer:
B is correct
Explanation:
I got it right on my test, which was 100%.
Improve the student's model of gas exchange by drawing the missing component.
Answer:
capillary
Explanation:
you should draw a capillary to show where gas exchange is occuring
Question 16 (1 point)
(07.06 MC)
Which of the following best describes an example of a specific immune response to infectious agents? (1 point)
O a
Antibodies bind to antigens on the infectious agents, which are then destroyed by lymphocytes.
Ob
Phagocytes surround the infectious agents, and then engulf and destroy them.
The infectious agents cause the body to release histamine, which causes inflammation and swelling.
Sweat creates an acidic environment, which prevents reproduction of the infectious agents.
Answer:
antibodies bind to antigens on the infectious agent which are then destroyed by lymphocytes
The __________ causes the stage to move upward or downward.
Which structures are similar in function, but do not indicate that the organisms are related?
analogous structures
homologous structures
vestigial structures
transitional structure
Answer:
A
Explanation:
analogous structures
Analogous structures are similar in function but do not necessarily suggest that the organisms are related.
What are analogous structures?The term “analogous” is used to describe biological structures that have similar or analogous functions but are not of the same evolutionary lineage. This means that the same biological structures are used by the same species for the same purposes, but the species are from different evolutionary origins. This type of evolution is called convergent evolution.
For example, similar structures of different species might have similar or equivalent functions, even though they originated from a different evolutionary point of view.
The wings of birds and insects are similar organs. Both birds and insects have wings that allow them to fly. However, their wings come from different ancestors. This is an example of analogous structure.
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The cumulative work of many scientists can often be summarized as theories or laws. how is a theory different from a law
Answer:
A law is something in science that can be proved through experimenting. When the experiment is done properly, the same outcome will be achieved every time. A law does not attempt to explain why something is the way it is, it only states it.
A theory is an idea that has a large amount of scientific data backing it and is the accepted answer by most scientists, but there is no way to experiment on a scientific theory. A theory will never be able to become a law. A theory explains what it is describing.
why cant you keep your tongue still?
Answer:
Because the tongue is a muscle. Muscles can be involuntary(moves without control) or voluntary(controlled). Necessarily, the tongue is not an involuntary muscle, but the tongue not staying still, scientifically, can be a sign of lacking energy.
Explain in your own words what the CSI effect is. Describe how it changes the perception of potential jurors. Would the CSI effect affect you as a juror? Why or why not?
(Not biology, it’s forensics)
Answer: To me the csi effect is a widely held idea among law enforcement and prosecutors that television series that posses forensic science may want the juror to encourage heavy use of forensic evidence in a case or may want more forensic evidence for convicting criminals of their crimes
Explanation:It could as I’d maybe want people to be properly convicted of their crimes …why ? A lot of people who go to prison are innocent all because of over looked evidence ….why not? Well a cause could be open for too long when ….it’s not that big of an issue
Which factor is found in a scientific claim?
endorsement by famous scientists
data collection from only one facility
similar results in multiple tests of the claim
identical data across all tests of the claim
similar results in multiple tests of the claim is the correct option. thus option C is correct.
What do you mean by scientific claim?Scientific assertions are statements made in science based on an experiment. They're assertions just like you might see in other classes, but they are backed by experimental data you created, as well as the work of other scientists.
A scientific claim includes of similar outcomes in various tests of the claim.
Scientific procedures include observation, running experiments, inference etc.
A scientific claim is however deemed to be genuine when the outcomes of the experiment are replicable several times in any area of the world. The results are frequently shared with others to ensure that the many tests are run by different scientists to check its veracity.
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Please faster i need the answer now
Answer:
REACTANTS CARBON DIOXIDE+ OXYGEN
PRODUCTS:Glucose+Lactic Acid+Energy
Hiya !! will give brainle and 20 points !
b) Describe your duties as a plant scientist who is involved in creating a new strain of a plant using genetic engineering.
Mention at least 3 specific duties that you must do while working with Professor Ingo Potrykus on this particular project
3 specific tasks you must do while working with Professor Ingo Potrykus on this specific project is plant hybridization, growth recognition and quality of the products obtained.
How is lineage improvement done?The answer is to obtain populations with genetic variability. This can be achieved through hybridization or crossbreeding. Hybridization is the fusion of genetically different gametes, which results in hybrid individuals heterozygous for one or more loci.
With this information, we can conclude that 3 specific tasks you must do while working with Professor Ingo Potrykus on this specific project is plant hybridization, growth recognition and quality of the products obtained.
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During the process of cytokinesis in a plant cell
During cytokinesis in plant cells vesicles that are products of Golgi Apparatus fuse in the middle of two dividing cells fuse and form a cell plate , then the cell plate separates the two dividing cells into two cells
Which of the following is not associated with humoral immunity?
A cytotoxic T cells
B breast milk
C these are all correct
D antibodies
E B cells
Answer:
The answer is C
Explanation:
Spindle fibers
a. direct chromosome movement in cell division
b.are composed of thin protein filaments
c. are made by the centrioles
d. all of the choices are correct
Spindle fibers .are composed of thin protein filament. Thus, the correct option is B. The spindle is made up of microtubules, which are strong fibers that make up the cell's "skeleton." Its duty during mitosis is to arrange and move the chromosomes around. As the centrosomes separate, the spindle grows between them.
When the spindle starts to form?The mitotic spindle begins to collect and organize the chromosomes in late prophase (also known as prometaphase).
The cell will check to see if all of the chromosomes are at the metaphase plate, with their kinetochores appropriately connected to microtubules, before going to anaphase. This is known as the spindle checkpoint, and it ensures that when the sister chromatids separate in the next stage, they will split evenly across the two daughter cells. When a chromosome is misaligned or connected, the cell will stop dividing until the issue is resolved.
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BRAINLIEST
Sarah and Alex have been dealing with an infestation of Chinch bugs on their farm for the past 5 years. They have called a pest control company to spray an insecticide, ChinchBeGone, over 20 times on their land. For the first year, the insect population decreased significantly but after some time, the insect population remained constant even after treatment.
Using the words below, name and describe the process that led to the Chinch bugs surviving the insecticide treatment.
- Genetic variation
- Mutation
- Selection
- Allele frequency
Answer:
I will say genetic variation because they probably never fully got rid of them(and all of their eggs) to begin with
Explanation:
compare between trypsin and pepsin enzyme ?
Pepsin is an enzyme which acts only in acidic medium ,trypsin is an enzyme which acts in alkaline medium. pepsin is secreted by gastric juice, trypsin secreted by pancreatic juice. Pepsin is secreted in stomach, trypsin is secreted in small intestine. Pepsin is situated in gastric glands, trypsin is situated in pancreas.
Also see the file attached!!!!
Identify the stem tissues.
a. _________
b. _________
c. _________
Answer:
a. Are the vascular bundles, collectively; selerenchyma, xylem and phyloem.
b. Is the ground tissue.
c. is the dermal tissue (epidermis).
The diagram shows the first part of a kidney tubule and its blood supply. During filtration, protein molecules do not pass through the wall of the glomerulus. Which part contains the highest concentration of protein? A
B
C
D
During filtration, the highest concentration of protein are generally found in the glomerulus capillary, which is labeled as B.
What is a kidney?A kidney refers to a pair of bean-shaped organ within the body of an organism which is typically responsible for the excretion of excess fluids as wastes. Also, the kidney is an organ that helps to filter blood and produce urine in vertebrates.
During filtration, the highest concentration of protein are generally found in the glomerulus capillary, which is labeled as B in the diagram shown in the image attached below.
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