Explain, using the terms "energy state" "electrons" and "light" how the colors of a flame test are produced .

Answer:

Explanation:

Have you done any Lewis diagrams?   your picture of the drawings are kind like a Lewis diagram,  showing the electrons filling of the outer shell.   The outer shell balancing is what holds the atoms together in molecules.  That's what  you are showing in your drawing.   How the atoms "stick" together.

The energy diagram shown the chemical reaction between solid ammonium chloride and solid barium hydroxide octahydrate:  the energy would absorbed is 13.75 kJ.

The balances chemical equation is given as :

2NH₄Cl  +  Ba(OH)₂.8H₂O  ---->   2NH₃  +   BaCl₂  +  10H₂O

mass of NH₄Cl = 26.9 g

moles of moles of  NH₄Cl  = mass / molar mass

                                                = 26.9 g / 53.5 g/mol

                                               = 0.502 mol

The energy would absorbed = ΔH . n

                                                = (54.8 × 0.502 ) / 2

                                                = 13.75 kJ

Thus, The energy diagram shown the chemical reaction between solid ammonium chloride and the solid barium hydroxide octahydrate:  the energy would absorbed is 13.75 kJ.

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The pressure is the same at both stages, even though more air particles have been added to the balloon. This is due to chnge in the intermolecular distance between two consecutive particles.

The particle model is one of the scientific theory which explains us the properties of solids, liquids and gases by suggests about that the matter is made of particles, and those particles behaves differently in gases, liquids and solids.

This can be expained as early the particles are less but volume it contain remains same when particles are added in the balloon.

This is due to the reason that the intermolecular distance between two successive particles decreases when particles are added to it.

Thus, we concluded that the pressure is the same at both stages, even though more air particles have been added to the balloon. This is due to chnge in the intermolecular distance between two consecutive particles.

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The decomposition reaction of sodium carbonate produces  0.094 moles and 2.5 L of carbon dioxide

We know that the decomposition of the one mole of sodium carbonate would produce one mole of carbon dioxide. Hence we need to apply the stoichiometry of the reaction in order to be able to solve the problem.

Number of moles of moles of sodium carbonate = 10g/106 g/mol

= 0.094 moles

Since one mole of sodium carbonate produces one mole of carbon dioxde then 0.094 moles was produced.

Given that;

Pressure = 750. torr or 0.99 atm

Volume = ?

Temperature = 50.°C + 273 = 323 K

Then;

PV = nRT

V =nRT/P

V = 0.094 moles  * 0.082 * 323/0.99

= 2.5 L

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[tex]{ \boxed{ \purple{ \tt{6.5 \times {10}^{2} }}}}[/tex]

Explanation:-

Applying,

[tex]{ \blue{ \tt{ \frac{Strength \: of \: formic \: acid}{Strength \: of \: HCN}} \: = }} \: \: \: { \green{ \tt{ \sqrt{ \frac{K _{a}(formic \: acid)}{K _{a}(HCN)} }}}}[/tex]

Degree of dissociation of HCOOH [tex] { \red{ \sf{( \alpha) = 14.5\%}}}[/tex][tex]{ = \red{ \sf{ \frac{14.5}{100}}}} [/tex][tex]{ = \red{ \sf{0.145}}}[/tex]

[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{ K_{a}(HCOOH) = C { \alpha }^{2}}}} [/tex]

[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{ K_{a}(HCOOH) = 0.01 \times {(0.145)}^{2} }}}[/tex]

[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{ K_{a}(HCOOH) = 2.1 \times {10}^{ - 4}}}} [/tex]

Thus,

[tex]{ \blue{ \tt{ \frac{Strength \: of \: formic \: acid}{Strength \: of \: HCN}} \: = }}{ \green{ \tt{ \sqrt{ \frac{2.1 \times {10}^{ - 4} }{4.9 \times {10}^{ - 10} } }}}}[/tex]

[tex]{ = \boxed{ { \red{ \sf{6.5 \times {10}^{2}}}}}} [/tex]

i.e., formic acid is 6.5×10² times stronger than HCN or we can say that HCN is 6.5×10² times weaker than formic acid.

The molecular formula is (CH2O)5 when the scale factor is 5 and the empirical formula is CH2O.

Considering the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Empirical formula = CH₂O

Molar mass of compound = 150 g/mol

Scaling factor (n) =?

Empirical formula × n = molar mass

[CH₂O]n = 150

[12 + (2×1) + 16]n = 150

[12 + 2 + 16]n = 150

30n = 150

Divide both sides by 30

n = 5

Therefore, the scaling factor is 5

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To solve such this we must know the concept of Chemical reaction. To calculate the atoms of an element in a given molecule, we need to multiply stoichiometry by the number that is written on the foot of that element.

Chemical reaction is a process in which two or more than two molecules collide in right orientation and energy to form a new chemical compound. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved.

a)Iron (III) reacts with oxygen gas to produce Iron (III) oxide.

Fe(III)+O[tex]_2[/tex]→Fe[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex]

b)Copper (II) Sulfate reacts with Sodium Hydroxide to produce Sodium Sulfate and Copper (II) Hydroxide.

CuSO[tex]_4[/tex] + NaOH→ Na[tex]_2[/tex]SO[tex]_4[/tex] + Cu(OH)[tex]_2[/tex]

c)Hydrogen peroxide (Dihydrogen Dioxide) produces dihydrogen monoxide and oxygen gas.

H[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_2[/tex] → H[tex]_2[/tex]O + O[tex]_2[/tex]

d)Magnesium (Mg) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas (H[tex]_2[/tex]).

Mg + HCl → MgCl[tex]_2[/tex]+ H[tex]_2[/tex]

Therefore,  to calculate the atoms of an element in a given molecule, we need to multiply stoichiometry by the number that is written on the foot of that element.

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The theoretical yield (g) of HI produced by the reaction is 18.93 g.

The reaction is given as :

H₂(g) + I₂(s)   ---->   2 HI(g)

given that ;

mass of H₂ = 15.28 g

mass of I₂ = 18.82 g

moles of H₂ = mass / molar mass

                    = 15.28 / 2

                    = 7.64 mol

moles of  I₂ = mass / molar mass

                    = 18.82 / 253.80

                    = 0.074 mol

therefore the  I₂ is the limiting reactant. so, the amount of HI produced is depend upon the  I₂.

1 mole of  I₂ produce = 2 mole of HI

0.074 mole of  I₂ = 2 × 0.074 = 0.148 mol of HI

Theoretical yield of HI = 0.148 × 127.91

                                     = 18.93 g

Thus, The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product obtained if the limiting reactant is completely converted to product. If 15.28 g H₂ is mixed with 18.82 g I₂,  the theoretical yield (g) of HI produced by the reaction is 18.93 g.

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H2 (g) hydrogen, Cl2 (g) chlorine, and 2HCl (g) hydrogen chloride make up the balanced chemical equation.

The periodic table's diatomic elements. Hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I) are the seven diatomic elements (I). Because the atoms are found in pairs, we refer to them as diatomic elements.

Just one more electron is needed for each chlorine atom to achieve a stable electrical state. In order to create the molecule Cl, two chlorine atoms can share one of their valence electrons. This explains why chlorine occurs as a diatomic molecule rather than as individual monoatomic atoms.

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The number of moles in 500g of CaO, CaCO₃, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, NaOCl, and CO₂ are 8.93, 5, 1.46, 6.71 and 11.36 moles.

A mole is a scientific unit that is used to determine the number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. The number of entities in 1 mole was found 6.023 × 10 ²³ per mole which is known as Avogadro’s constant.

a) Given, the mass of each substance = 5 ×10² g

The molar mass of CaO = 56 g

The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of CaO = 500/56 = 8.93 moles

The number of molecules in 8.90 moles of CaO = 8.93× 6.023 × 10 ²³

                                                                               = 53.77 ×10²⁴ formula unit

b) The molar mass of CaCO₃ = 100 g

The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of CaCO₃ = 500/100 = 5 moles

The number of molecules in 5 moles of CaO = 5× 6.023 × 10 ²³

                                                                               = 3.0 ×10²⁴ formula unit

c) The molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342.3 g/mol

The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of  C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 500/342.3 = 1.46 moles

Number of molecules in 8.90 moles of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 1.46 × 6.023 × 10 ²³

                                                                               =   8.8 × 10 ²³

d) The molar mass of NaOCl = 74.5 g/mol

The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of NaOCl = 500/74.5 = 6.71 moles

The number of molecules in 8.90 moles of CO₂ = 6.71× 6.023 × 10 ²³

                                                                               = 4.04 ×10²⁴

e) The molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol

The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of CO₂ = 500/44 = 11.36 moles

The number of molecules in 8.90 moles of CO₂ = 11.36× 6.023 × 10 ²³

                                                                               = 6.84 ×10²⁴

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Empirical formula of the metal fluoride is CuF₂

Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound

Here given data is

Mass of copper heated =  23.02 gram

Mass of copper fluoride formed = 37.87 g

We have to calculate gas in copper fluoride = x

37.87 g = 23.02 gram + x

x = 37.87 g - 23.02 gram

x = 14.85 g

Moles of copper

23.02 gram/63.546g/mol = 0.362 mol

Moles of Florine

14.85 g/18.998g/mol =0.781 mol

For the empirical formula divide the smallest mole of an element with all the moles of elements present in the compound

Copper = 0.362 mol/0.362 mol = 1

Florine =0.781 mol / 0.362 mol = 2.15

It means 1 : 2

So the empirical formula of the metal fluoride is CuF₂

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Answer: Gas

Explanation:

When they mix, hydrogen gas is produced.

During the trial, the lawyers used a model recreation of the crime scene to best illustrate what happened. Therefore, this evidence would most accurately be classified as: A. this is documentary evidence.

In Forensics, there are different types of evidence that are used in combatting crimes and enhance a trial process around in the world, and these include the following:

In Computer Technology and Law, a documentary evidence can be defined as a type of evidence that is presented or tendered through documents such as books, maps, printouts of email messages, photographs, videos (visuals), printed text-based document, etc., especially during the trial process in a court of law.

In this context, we can reasonably infer and logically deduce that a model recreation of any crime scene would be classified or categorized as a documentary evidence.

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The d orbital of a transition metal ion in an  octahedral field are higher in energy than when the ions is in the gas phase.

What is d orbital?

The d-orbital is defined by the angular quantum number I=2.

In Gas a state, all the D orbital have same energy State as the repulsion is between the metal D orbital onder like and are absent. Therefore, on average. D orbital off transition metal in October, Federal state is higher when in gash, a state in Goshen in gas face the most. Repulsion is experienced by electrons off the Zed Square and the X Y square that is off higher energy level, which are directed at the corners off Doctor her drone. So are the closes to loan payer electrons on the leg. The lower energy levels, such as the x, the X y be visit and be excited are directed between the coordinates, often octahedron.

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A+B⇄ D (fast equilibrium) is  the rate of formation of C .

Equilibrium is a dynamic process often occurs while chemical reaction. All of the compounds have constant concentrations when the forward and reverse reaction speeds are equal. Given this, it makes reasonable that the concentration ratio for any given reaction will always maintain a constant value at equilibrium. The equilibrium constant is the proportion of a reaction's products' mathematical product to their reactant concentrations (Keq). Each concentration is increased to the power of its associated coefficient by the balanced chemical equation. When equilibrium is reached, K = 1.

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The dew point for a day's weather is calculated to be 18°C, Water will condense if the air temperature drops below 18°C.

What is weather?
Weather refers to the state of a atmosphere and includes terms like how hot or cold, wet as well as dry, calm as well as stormy, clear or cloudy, etc. On Earth, the majority of weather events take place in the troposphere, which is the lowest part of the planet's atmosphere and lies just below the stratosphere. Climate is indeed the term again for averaging of atmospheric conditions over a longer period of time, whereas weather is the term for day-to-day temperature, precipitation, as well as other atmospheric conditions. Without further explanation, "weather" is typically taken to refer to the weather on Earth. Differences in air pressure, temperature, as well as moisture from one location to another influence the weather. The Sun's angle at any given location, which changes with latitude, may be the cause of these variations.

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Work is done when a gas expands from an initial volume of 122 mL to a final volume of 205 mL against an external pressure of 818 mmHg is 67.894 J

Work is the measure of energy transfer that occurs when an object is moved over a distance by an external force at least part of which is applied in the direction of the displacement

Here given data is

Initial volume = 122 mL

Final volume = 205 mL

External pressure =  818 mmHg

We have to calculate work done = ?

We know that work done against external pressure = W = -PV

Initial volume - Final volume = 205 mL - 122 mL = 83ml

W = -  818 mmHg×83ml

W = 67.894 J

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The element that has the following electronic configuration are :

a) the atomic number of selenium is 34. the electronic configuration is given as :

electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰  4p⁴

b) the atomic number of bromine is 35 . the electronic configuration is given as :

electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰  4p⁵

c) the atomic number of krypton is 36 . the electronic configuration is given as :

electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰  4p⁶

d)  the atomic number of francium is 87. the electronic configuration is given as :

electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰  4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s¹

Thus, The element that has the following electronic configuration are :

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A 10.0 g sample of Krypton has a temperature of 25 C at 572 mmHg and volume in mililiter of the krypton gas is 375ml

An ideal gas is the thereotical gas that is considered to be composed of point particles that move randomly and do not interact with each other and h]gases in general are ideal when they are at high temprature and low pressure

Here given data is

Mass = 10.0 g

Temprature =  25 °C

Pressure =  572 mmHg

So formula is PV = nRT

V = nRT/P

So n = 10 gram × 1mole/83.80 gram = 0.119 mole

R = 0.082

T = 25 °C = 298K

P = 572 mmHg = 0.752632 atm

V = nRT/P

V = 0.119 mole×0.082×298K/0.752632 atm

V = 0.375 L = 375ml

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Temperature has an impact on the hot air balloon's internal pressure. The molecules move more quickly and forcefully against the interior wall of the balloon as they warm up.

Because the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules in a balloon drops as temperature rises, the frozen balloon shrank. As a result, the molecules move more slowly and collide with the balloon's interior wall less frequently and weakly, causing the balloon to somewhat contract.

These illustrations show how temperature can change the volume of a fixed amount of a confined gas while maintaining a constant pressure are generally accurate: The volume rises with rising temperature and falls with falling temperature.

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An electric immersion heater is put at the bottom of a large tank of water the water next to the heater becomes warm then warmed water next to the heater energy will travel up from the heater through the particles

The water is heated up from the inside and usually with electricity a strong electric current run through a large element inside the tank to directly heat the water around it and energy will travel up from the heater through the particles and making them faster and further apart and meaning they become less dense and when water is heated with immersion heater the water become less dense due to which the warm water rises up and the cooler water fill its space

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Specialized structures inside an animal cell function to provide particular functions to these types of cells.

Animal cells are unique in the sense they have a centrosome which is involved in the mechanism of cell division and also lysosome organelles that contain hydrolytic enzymes that degrade chemical compounds inside the cells.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that animal cells are unique because they are composed of unique structures such as the centrosomes used during the cell division and lysosomes used to degrade substances.

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The number of formula units that make up 26.4g of magnesium chloride is 1.67 × 10²³ units.

Formula units is the empirical formula of an ionic compound (that does not possess individual molecules) for use in stoichiometric calculations.

The number of formula units of a substance can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of the substance by its number of moles as follows:

no of formula units = no of moles × 6.02 × 10²³

First, we convert the mass of magnesium chloride to moles by dividing by its molar mass. Molar mass of magnesium chloride is 95.211 g/mol.

moles = 26.4g ÷ 95.211g/mol = 0.277moles

no of formula units = 0.277moles × 6.02 × 10²³

no of formula units = 1.67 × 10²³ units

Therefore, 1.67 × 10²³ units is the number of formula units of magnesium chloride.

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The concentration of the solution originally was 1.8 M.

We know that the concentration of the solution is obtained from the formula of the neutralization reaction which is;

CAVA/CBVB = NA/NB

CA =  concentration of the acid

CB = concentration of the base

VA = volume of acid

VB = volume of base

NA = number of moles of acid

NB = number of moles of base

Then

CAVANB = CBVBNA

CA = CBVBNA/VANB

CA =  0.1  * 25 * 1/14.2 * 1

= 0.18 M

Using the formula;

C1V1 = C2V2

25 * C1 =  0.18 * 250

C1 = 0.18 * 250/25

C1 = 1.8 M

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The modern cell theory explains the relation between the cells and the living things.

The Scientific knowledge is durable yet subject to change. Science is a social activity. The scientific knowledge includes the generalized collection of the laws and the hypothesis. scientific knowledge is used to generate the logical data and the knowledge. scientific knowledge is used to investigate the data to explain the phenomena. scientific knowledge involves the experiments and the data collection. the scientific knowledge is very important because it helps us to understand ourselves and the world.

Thus, The modern cell theory explains the relation between the cells and the living things.

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The percent yield of the reaction would be 91.66%.

The percent yield of a reaction is the actual yield from the reaction relative to the theoretical yield of the same reaction.

The percent yield of a reaction is mathematically expressed as follows:

percent yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%

From the equation of the reaction:

[tex]Na_2CO_3 + CaCl_2 --- > CaCO_3 + 2NaCl[/tex]

The mole ratio of [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] to [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] according to the balanced equation is 1:1.

Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass

The molar mass of  [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] is 110.98 g/mol

mole of 17.15 g  [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] = 17.15/110.98

                                     = 0.1545 mol

Equivalent mole of  [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] = 0.1545 mol

Molar mass of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] = 100.09 g/mol

Mass of 0.1545 mol [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] = 0.1545 x 100.09

                                              = 15.46 g

Thus:

Theoretical yield = 15.46 g

Actual yield = 14.17 g

Percent yield = 14.17/15.46 x 100

                      = 91.66%

In other words, the percent yield of the reaction is 91.66%.

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Answer:

300m/s2 because when devide 15000 to 150 it will be 300

Acceleration is the the ratio of the force to the mass. Thus acceleration of the rocket weighing 0.005 Kg launching with a force of 1.5 N is 300 m/s².

Force is an external agent acting on a body to change it from the state of rest or motion. There are various kinds of forces, such as nuclear force, magnetic force, frictional force, gravitational force etc.

According Newton's second law of motion, force is the product of mass and acceleration of the body. Thus force increases with an increase in mass.

Given that the mass of the rocket is 0.005 Kg and force exerted is 1.5 N. Acceleration can be find out as follows:

Acceleration  = force / mass

                       = 1.5 N/ 0.005 Kg

                       = 300 m/s².

Therefore, acceleration of the rocket will be 300 m/s².

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