Fill in this chart. It will help you figure out the similarities and differences of Hinduism and Buddhism. Remember to write in complete sentences.


Buddhism
Hinduism
Who founded it?



What do they believe about the purpose of life?




What do they believe about the afterlife?




What are common practices?




What are the sacred texts?




What do they think about the caste system?




Who are the clergy (religious leaders)?

Answer:

Explanation:

Ấn Độ giáo

1. Ấn Độ giáo thờ gì?

Ấn Độ giáo chứa đựng nhiều triết lý tôn giáo. Vì lý do này, đôi khi tôn giáo còn được biết đến như một cách sống hay một gia đình tôn giáo, không giống như các tôn giáo hợp nhất khác.

Tập tục chính của Ấn Độ giáo là tôn thờ một vị thần tối cao Brahman, cùng với các vị thần và nữ thần khác. Các tín đồ Ấn giáo tin rằng có nhiều con đường tu tập để có thể một ngày về với vị thần họ tôn thờ.

Người Ấn giáo tin vào các thuyết về luân hồi (vòng luân hồi liên tục của sự sống, cái chết và tái sinh) và nghiệp lực (luật nhân quả).

Một trong những triết lý quan trọng của Ấn Độ giáo là “atman”, niềm tin vào sự tồn tại của linh hồn. Triết lý này cho rằng mỗi một sinh vật sống trên đời đều có linh hồn, và tất cả đều là một phần của linh hồn tối thượng. Niềm tin hướng đến sự cứu rỗi, kết thúc vòng luân hồi để đạt đến linh hồn độc nhất, tự tại.

Một nguyên tắc cơ bản khác trong Ấn Độ giáo hindu là ý niệm cho rằng tất cả hành vi và suy nghĩ sẽ trực tiếp quyết định cuộc sống hiện tại và tương lai của con người..

Người Ấn giáo noi theo “dharma”, một quy tắc sống coi trọng nhân phẩm và đạo đứNgười Ấn giáo tôn kính tất cả các sinh vật sống và coi bò là loài vật linh thiêng.

Tập quán ăn uống cũng là một phần quan trọng trong cuộc sống của người Hindu. Hầu hết họ không ăn thịt bò hoặc thịt lợn, và nhiều người ăn chay.

Ấn Độ giáo có mối liên hệ chặt chẽ với các tôn giáo khác ở Ấn Độ, như Phật giáo, đạo Sikh và Kỳ Na giáo. Có thể thấy nhiều giáo lý trong các đạo giáo khác bị ảnh hưởng khá nhiều từ Ấn Độ giáo.

2. Ấn Độ giáo thờ vị thần nào?

Ngoài Brahman, vị thần được tôn là tối thượng trong tất cả các thần, vị thần sáng tạo ra vạn vật. Người Ấn giáo còn tôn thờ nhiều vị thần và nữ thần khác nữa.  

Brahma: Vị thần có công tạo ra thế giới và mọi sinh vật sinh sống trên thế giới

Vishnu: Vị thần bảo tồn và bảo vộ vũ trụ

Shiva: Vị thần hủy diệt trong vòng tái sinh vũ trụ  

Devi: Nữ thần chiến đấu để tái sinh dharma

Krishna: Vị thần của lòng trắc ẩn, sự dịu dàng và tình yêu

Lakshmi: Nữ thần của thịnh vượng và sự thuần khiết

Saraswati: Nữ thần học tập

Nghi thức thờ cúng Ấn Độ giáo

Việc thờ cúng theo đạo Hindu, hay puja, thường diễn ra ở các Mandir (ngôi đền). Các tín đồ Ấn Độ giáo có thể ghé thăm Mandir bất cứ lúc nào họ muốn.

Người Ấn giáo cũng có thể thờ cúng tại nhà, và nhiều người thậm chí còn lập đền thờ dành riêng cho một số vị thần và nữ thần của riêng họ.

Nhiều người Ấn giáo lại lựa chọn hành hương đến các đền thờ và địa điểm linh thiêng khác ở Ấnhác ở Ấn Độ để hành lễ theo nghi thức. Độ để hàn

3. Một số kiến trúc Ấn Độ giáo nổi bậ

nghi thức.

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2. What is the Religion of Asia: Tang, Song, Mongols and Ming?

3. What is the social of Asia: Tang, Song, Mongols and Ming?

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High traffic volume to and from boomtown cities ruined many dirt roads that were originally built for rural towns. A direct result of this was -

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1. Key Terms Write two paragraphs in which you use all of the following terms: tribute, neutral rights, impressment, embargo, WarHawks, nationalism. (i dont click any links and please do not spam i have wasted so many points)

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What was the Berlin blockade and airlift?

What jobs did women perform in the steel industry?
READ THE PASSAGE TO ANSWER:



Women of Steel (Excerpt from a propaganda video)

Steel has been rightly called the sinews of peace and the backbone of war. Behind the guns, and tanks, and ships, and planes, are the blast furnaces and open hearths, the electric furnaces and blooming mills. Tending these giant furnaces have always stood a breed of men apart, giants in the land, those men of steel. But with our country in peril, the women of America rallied to the support of their men, and here in this, almost the last great industry we thought could be handled only by men, these mothers, wives, and sweethearts came to stand shoulder to shoulder with them in almost every capacity. These marvelous women of America. These women of steel. Of course, we had long since accepted their aptitude in fabrication, the swift, sure dexterity of their fingers, as in this stainless steel rib assembly. Their adaptability to small tools. Even the hand welding electrodes. But as the need grew for more and more production of the basic metal itself, more loyal women with a dash a true American pluck and venturesomeness, edged further and further into the real work of steel making. Some with a scientific bent, went into metallurgical control and research labs-- girls fresh from chemical engineering school, older women who had been technical librarians. Yes, women make good inspectors. Here's one applying the magnaflux test to steel for airplane motors. They make good drivers too.American girls raised to drive the family car find it no trick at all to handle trucks and tractors. Mrs. Warner at these crane controls must lift this huge bloom into the furnace to be heated red hot, then carried across the shop to the forging press. It takes good judgment and a steady hand to manipulate it under the drop hammer-- just the right amount and position each time. And Ms. Evans here is very adept at this. Here is the office of the supervisor of women employees. She can tell us more about it. If you will, Ms. Campbell. MS.


CAMPBELL: Women in steel are simply the result of realistic thinking.In time of war, you have to have steel. You also have to have people to make it. With the Army taking men by the thousands-- more than 16,000 from our plant so far-- we had to find people to replace them. A great untapped reserve was women.


NARRATOR: How many do you have?


MS. CAMPBELL: About half of the replacements are women, more than 8,000 of them. The rest are older men and young boys.


NARRATOR: And the women, are they doing all right?


MS. CAMPBELL: Beyond anything anyone ever dreamed of. They're doing something in almost every department in the plant. And I don't mean just clerks and checkers. We have women engineers and oilers in the boiler room. Women repair experts. Women work at the oil mines above ground. Along the unloading docks. And our private railroad tracks. Women carpenters. And women shipbuilders. And women load and unload our freight cars. We have girls in charge of our tool cribs, and that takes the knowing of a lot of tools to do that. These women are working around the clock around the calendar. They do a man's job, and they can draw a man's pay. And they're doing it safely. They're safer here than in their own homes.

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PASSAGE:

5
Mr. Franklin is remembered as a scientist, inventor, printer, writer, and one of our country’s important early leaders. His ant experiment is just one of many interesting stories from his life.
6
One day he discovered ants crawling all over his kitchen shelf. Within minutes, a little jar of molasses was alive with them. He picked up the container and took out the pests.
7
But one ant stayed inside, swallowing the sweet, sticky syrup and storing it in the pouch, or crop, inside her mouth. (All worker ants are females.)
8
Because Mr. Franklin wanted to know if ants could communicate with one another, he gave this ant a challenge. He tied a piece of string around the mouth of the jar and hung it on a nail in the ceiling. Then he settled down to wait and watch.
9
Shortly, the insect crawled up the inside of the container, over the rim, and down the side.
10
But when she reached the bottom, there was, of course, no shelf! The ant dashed here and there and round and round. She zigged and zagged and eventually found the string.
11
Then a fast march up, a dash across the ceiling, and a race down the wall and over the floor led her to an opening that let her out of the kitchen. She vanished.
12
About thirty minutes later, Mr. Franklin spotted an army of ants moving like running water toward the wall. They swarmed up, flowed across the ceiling, and scrambled over to the nail holding the string. They lined up and marched, one after another, down the string and into the jar.
13
Before long, there were two lines of ants on the string, one line tramping down to get at the sweet food, and the other line parading upward. They were carrying home globs of molasses in their crops.

QUESTION:

What is the main idea of the section under the heading “A Founding Father”?

A. Benjamin Franklin was an expert in many different subjects.

B. Benjamin Franklin enjoyed performing experiments in his home.

C. Benjamin Franklin learned ants are able to exchange information.

D. Benjamin Franklin was particularly interested in the behavior of ants.

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