How do B cells know when to make antibodies?

A.) They are alerted by Helper T cells.

B.) They are always making antibodies just in case that pathogen is present.

C.) They are alerted by Macrophages.

D.) B cells will simply find the pathogen in the body and immediately begin making
antibodies to fight the pathogen.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

A) They are alerted by Helper T cells.


Related Questions

learning task 1: direction: Complete the crossword on species diversity by filling in a word that fits each clue​

Answers

Answer:

DiversityStabilityBiodiversityCosmopolitanEndemicEcosystemPopulationSpeciesExotic

Explanation:

Diversity: Diversity as a term is broad and might be used in many aspects, referring to things variety. Diversity in biological terms refers to the present or the past forms of life inhabiting a natural environment. Stability: Related to the resilience concept. Stability depends on the quantity and magnitude of disturbances affecting an ecosystem. If there are no disturbances, the ecosystem is stable. If there are some or many disturbances of small magnitude, the ecosystem remains relatively stable, with a high resilient capability. But when the ecosystem is affected by frequent and severe disturbances, it loses stability and might be seriously affected.Biodiversity: Defined as the different species living in a certain restricted area. It is the variability of living beings in a natural environment, involving all the species on the planet and their genetic material. This variety includes all plants, animals, fungus, and microorganisms living in a certain place, their genetic variability, and the ecosystems these species conform.Cosmopolitan: Referred to as any taxonomic group that live all around the world. Species might be cosmopolitan, or genera, or classes. Sometimes a superior taxonomic group is cosmopolitan, but the species composing it are not. Endemic: Referred to species or any other taxonomic group restricted to a certain area or region, which provides all the environmental requirements of these organisms. They are usually small groups that might be in danger of extinction due to any alteration that might change their environment. They might also be a new species that did not have enough time to disperse yet.Ecosystem: Ecosystems include all the biotic, physical, and chemical components of nature, continuously interacting and depending on each other. The ecosystem is composed of living and non-living things that interact and depend on each other. These are the biotic and abiotic factors. Population: Groups of individuals from the same species, with similar characteristics, capable of crossing, leaving offspring, and living in the same habitat at the same time.Species: Organisms that are morphologically and genetically similar, that can mate, reproduce and leave fertile offspring to the next generation. Members of populations. Exotic: It refers to new species that establish in a new area far or out of their original distribution range. The dispersion of these species to new areas might be accidental or intentional. Once established, these species might be considered invasive if their reproductive rate increases, if their population over-growth, and there is a negative interaction with native species.

The Paleozoic era would last for how many days?

Answers

Answer:

ti it ran about 544 mybpbto    it ranii it last 544 mybp to 245 mybp d.

Explanation:

The Paleozoic era lasted for approximately 291 million years. The The Paleozoic Era is a significant period in the geological history of the planet.

The Paleozoic Era, commonly referred to as the Age of Ancient Life, is a key period in the geological history of the Earth, lasting roughly between 541 and 252 million years ago. The Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian are its six distinct time eras. The Paleozoic Era saw incredible evolution and the creation of numerous life forms, which laid the groundwork for the diversity of life that can be seen on Earth today. Life underwent a remarkable period of diversity during the Cambrian Period known as the "Cambrian explosion." Trilobites, brachiopods, and early arthropods were among the complex, hard-shelled animals that first emerged as a result of this surge.

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The universe__.
-Is expanding
-does not include empty space
-was created five million years ago
-is approximately six trillion miles wide

Answers

Answer:

The universe is expanding.  <3

According to what we know about the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services, which of the following statements best describes how humans should interact with tropical rainforest? Select the one answer that most accurately answers the question. View Available Hint(s) Select the one answer that most accurately answers the question. Humans can clear the rain forests and rely on the future secondary growth forests while disregarding the inhabitants. Humans can clear the rain forests and rely on the future secondary growth forests, as long as they make efforts to conserve the forests’ inhabitants. Humans should leave primary growth forests and their residents intact, and ensure that secondary growth forests have a chance to regrow. Humans should leave the plants within primary growth forests intact, but can hunt the residents for fo

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - Humans should leave primary growth forests and their residents intact, and ensure that secondary growth forests have a chance to regrow.

Explanation:

Humans should not clear the forest at any cost as cutting the forest affect the flora and fauna of the forest and residents of the forest lose their habitat. The clearing or affecting the habitat leads to an increase in the global warming as there is increase in the carbon dioxide gas.

Humans need to intact the primary growth and flora and fauna of the ecosystem. It also need to be ensure that forests have cahnce to regrow. It should be also put in consideration that inhabitants should be protected.

The early ancestors of horses showed the presence of digits on their limbs, while modern horses have hooves. What are likely possible reasons for this change?

Answers

Answer:

Natural Selection & Fitness

Explanation:

Horses have evolved to run as fast as possible because they are prey animals.

The hooves give advantages to the predecessors to the modern horse rather than the foot-bearing horses.

Thus when somebody inevitably becomes a snack, the hoof bearing horses lived longer. (Natural selection)

Because they've lived longer, they've had more babies. (Fitness)

Their babies are more likely to pass on the genes they've inherited from their successful parents, and the population of hooved-horses begins to exceed the population of footed-horses.

In this circumstance, all the footed-horses are gone. The population has evolved.

Hope this helps <3

PS: here's a source! https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/horse/the-evolution-of-horses/on-your-toes#:~:text=Hooves%20and%20long%20legs%20help,many%20horses%20retained%20three%20toes.

A fossil is the hardened remains or imprint of a previously living organism.
true or false​

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Fossils are preserved remains of organisms. They are preserved in two ways. They can be the actual remains of organisms.

What is NOT an example of nitrogen fixation?
A: Lightning changing nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
B: Cows changing nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
C: Bacteria on plant roots changing nitrogen to nitrogen compounds

Answers

The answer is letter C
The correct answer is C I hope is help

When a population of organism eats another, how can each population as well as the ecosystem change?

Answers

If one trophic levels population increases or decreases too much, it can decrease the amount of producers, this decreasing the amount of energy available in food web which can cause population crash.

Which of the following is true about folds?

A
They do not create mountains.

B
They are entirely broken rock plates.

C
They occur only in the inner core.

D
They can create deep valleys.

Answers

Answer:

D. they can create deep valleys

Explanation:

Hope this helps ⭐

They can create deep valleys is true about folds.

What are Deep valleys?

The combined effects of gravity, water, and ice result in valleys, which are low-lying sections of land that have been eroded and washed out. Some are hollow, while others hang.

The majority of primary valley cuts are made by rivers and streams, creating sides with high walls and a narrow floor that from a distance resembles the letter "V." The steepness of the sides and the width of the floor are both influenced by the gradient of the river, or how quickly it descends.

Waters add to the land's natural twists as they move toward the sea by removing sediment from bends' exteriors.

Therefore, They can create deep valleys is true about folds.

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Vascular resistance is due to friction between blood and the walls of the blood vessel. Which of the following causes low vascular resistance?


obesity


dehydration


high blood pressure


cholesterol levels within normal range

Answers

Answer:

Cholesterol levels within normal range

Explanation:

Vascular resistance is due to friction between the blood and the walls of the blood vessel, and cholesterol levels within the normal range can cause low vascular resistance, which is the last option.

What is vascular resistance?

Vascular resistance is the resistance to blood flow in the blood vessels, which is determined by the diameter of the blood vessels, blood viscosity, and the length of the blood vessels, so when blood flows through the blood vessels, it experiences frictional forces due to the interaction between the blood and the walls of the blood vessels, obesity, dehydration, and high blood pressure can all contribute to increased vascular resistance.

Hence, the correct answer is that cholesterol levels within the normal range can cause low vascular resistance, which is the last option.

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Please help. Water Cycle-Escape Room. I’ve put in every answer possible.

Answers

Answer:

C = 1

A = 2

E = 5

B = 3

D = 4

Answer:

Explanation:

A. 2

B. 3

C. 1

D. 4

E. 5

my claim is I think we need to change the grouping penguins of Gentoo and Adelie. i just need evidence and reasoning, this is SCIENCE hurry

Answers

Answer:

Emperor penguins are likely to pair with different mates the next breeding season; only about 15 percent pair with the same mate the following year. Adelie penguins, meanwhile always breed with the same mate as long as they both return to the same nesting ground.

Creation of marine reserves to protect Adélie penguin food sources and foraging areas.

Explanation:

How could the loss of biodiversity affect humans? It may cause an increase in the human population as competition is reduced. It may lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products. It could lead to a decrease in infectious and other diseases that affect humans. It could cause a decrease in the amount of pollutants on the planet.

Answers

Answer:

It may lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products

Explanation:

Biodiversity or biological diversity refers to the variation of life. It is the total number of different variety of species of organisms that exists in the biosphere. Biodiversity is key to the survival of living organism on Earth.

Loss of biodiversity will also lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products, which will greatly affect the human population as we rely on diverse plants and other animals for the above listed substances.

Answer:

B. It may lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products.

Explanation:

A scientist wants to observe the structure that joins a cell of a neighboring cells. How should the scientist observe the detailed structure of the cell?

Answers

Answer:

The images obtained from the electron microscope provides key knowledge regarding the structural basis of cell function and various diseases associated with the cells. Thus, if a scientist desires to see the structure, which binds a cell with the adjacent cells, he or she should use an electron microscope.

Explanation:

please mark this answer as brainliest


The Mexican horn shark has
fins and spines b/c it feeds on...?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

They feed on benthic invertebrates, especially sea urchins, crabs and probably abalone, also fishes.


Punnett's Squares
These show the 2 alleles of each parent plant crossed with each
other and the resulting 4 possible offspring with T= tall, = short.
TT = dominant tall, 17 = recessive short, Tt = mixed hybrid
TT = dominant tall (genotype tall, phenotype tall)
Tt = mixed hybrid (genotype hybrid, phenotype tall)
tt = recessive short (genotype short, phenotype short)
Using the Punnett's Squares below, name the offspring of all possible parent combinations

Answers

Answer:

All answers are in the image

The letter of the DNA based that pair with the following DNA strand

Answers

Explanation:

The four nitrogenous bases are A, T, C, and G. They stand for adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. ... Adenine always pairs with thymine, and cytosine always pairs with guanine. The pairing nature of DNA is useful because it allows for easier replication.

7. About how many straight- line miles separate Brasília from São Paulo?​

Answers

Answer:

542.2 miles

Explanation:

The total straight line distance between Brasilia and Sao Paulo is 872 KM (kilometers) and 600 meters. The miles based distance from Brasilia to Sao Paulo is 542.2 miles.

Which of the following is NOT an effective water conservation
echniques?
a. Using low flush toilets
b. Public outreach campaigns
C. Using showerheads that limits water flow to 4.5 gallons per day
d. Mulching around trees and plants
e. Having large production monoculture farms

Answers

Answer:

e

Explanation:

It worsens the quality of the soil

Iron has a low specific heat of 0.45 J/goC. Based on this information we can conclude that iron is also
Your answer:
a poor conductor
a poor insulator
a heat resistant material.
not bound to the laws of thermodynamics.

Answers

Answer:

A poor insulator!

Explanation:

Since Iron has molocules so close together it CAN conduct heat very well. Because of this A and C are not relavent options.

Thermodynamics is "the branch of physical science that deals with the relations between heat and other forms of energy (such as mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy), and, by extension, of the relationships between all forms of energy."

Due to the fact iron is a strong conductor, it IS bound to the law od thermodynamics. It's a very easy conceept to understand, you just have to pay attention a little bit and searching up definitions can help too!

Are there any foods that have the same effect as anabolic steroids

Answers

Answer:

45678

Explanation:69

The question is in the picture above ^

Answers

Answer:

concealing coloration, disruptive coloration, disguise

Explanation:

There is no explanation. lel

Any Questions?

Según la historia evolutiva y sus diferentes saltos, ¿Qué linaje de especies es más antiguo?
A-Reptiles
B-Peces
C-Anfibios
D-Aves

Answers

es la A

Hace aproximadamente 250 millones de años ocurrió la extinción masiva del Pérmico-Triásico, un evento en el cual murieron hasta el 96 por ciento de las especies marinas y un porcentaje similar de las terrestres. Cerca de tres millones de años después se produjo la separación, a partir de un ancestro en común, de los linajes que con el tiempo darían origen a las aves y los cocodrilos. El grupo que incluye tanto a cocodrilos como aves se lo denomina Archosauria, que significa ‘reptiles dominantes’.

espero y te ayude

What is the difference between national legislation and international treaties

Answers

Answer:

The main difference between international and national law is that international law regulates external relations between two or more countries by the signing of treaties and agreements concerning trade, war, the sea or oil, whilst national law or domestic law is applied within the boundaries of a country

The enzyme pepsin is produced in the cells of the stomach but not in the cells of the small intestine. The small intestine produces a different enzyme, trypsin. The reason that the stomach and small intestine produce different enzymes is that the gene that codes for pepsin is A) in the cells of the stomach, but not in the cells of the small intestine B) mutated in the small intestine C) digested by the trypsin in the small intestine D) expressed in the stomach but not expressed in the small intestine

Answers

Answer:

D) Expressed in the stomach, but not in the cells of the small intestine

Explanation:

The stomach and small intestine produce different enzymes is gene codes for pepsin is expressed in the stomach but not expressed in small intestine.

What is the function of trypsin?

Trypsin is an enzyme that helps us digest protein. In the small intestine, trypsin breaks down proteins, the process of digestion that formed in the stomach.

Is a proteolytic enzyme produced by the pancreas in an inactive form called trypsinogen.

Thus, option "D" is correct as trypsin is expressed in stomach for protein breakdown.

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How can you help prevent water pollution?
a. Don't use weed killer in the yard
b. Don't put grease in the kitchen drain
C. Use less clean water
d. All of the above

Answers

The answer is B or all of the above

Answer:

D: all of the above

Explanation:

14. Scientists have found fossils of tropical plants in Antarctica. How could tropical plants
have grown in Antarctica?
a.At one time , earths entire surface was a tropical forest
b.At one time , Antarctica was located closer to the equator
c.Catastrophic volcanic eruptions melted the ice and exposed the soil to sunlight

Answers

answer choice b is correct

hope this helps :)

In a watershed, why would the water be cleaner near the top where it just rained as oppose to the bottom where the water collected?

Answers

Answer:

Because the Pollution and oil from streets and dirt, etc... on land would be washed down to or brought to the low collection point of the watershed therefor the fresh rain would be cleaner than the collection of polluted dirty water

Explanation:

Which of these best describes fossils ?

A .nonexistent

B. Easily formed

C. Important and rare

D.common and unhelpful

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The answer is c :).

Name one trophic level that contains autotrophs and one trophic level that contains heterotrophs.

Answers

Answer:

producers and secondary consumers

Explanation:

autotrophic means they make their own food. such as plants and heterotrophs is anything that eats other things to obtain energy. so this could be the second or third trophic level just depends on all the information you are given and what you want to choose.

The name of one trophic level that contains autotrophs is Producers, while the name of one trophic level that contains heterotrophs is the primary consumer.

What do you mean by Trophic level?

A Trophic level may be defined as a sequential position of organisms in a food chain of an ecosystem.

Autotrophs are those groups of organisms that synthesize their own food in the presence of sunlight. They are the foundation of the trophic level.

Heterotrophs are those groups of organisms that depend on autotrophs in order to take energy for metabolism and other work.

Therefore, the name of one trophic level that contains autotrophs is Producers, while the name of one trophic level that contains heterotrophs is the primary consumer.

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