Two slopes can be compared on a graph by analyzing the steepness of the lines and their direction (positive or negative).
The steepness of a line on a graph is determined by its slope, which is the ratio of the change in y to the change in x (rise over run). A steep line has a large slope, meaning that for a small change in x, there is a large change in y. A shallow line has a small slope, meaning that for a small change in x, there is a small change in y. To compare two slopes, one can compare the steepness of the lines by comparing the absolute value of the slopes.
If one line has a larger absolute value than the other, it is steeper. Additionally, one can also compare the direction of the slope, which is determined by the sign of the slope. A positive slope indicates that the line is increasing and a negative slope indicates that the line is decreasing. By comparing the steepness and direction of the slopes, one can determine whether the two lines are parallel or not, and whether they are going in the same direction or not.
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200 Litres of a punch that contains 35% fruit juice is mixed with 300 L of another punch. The resulting fruit
punch is 20% fruit juice. Find the percent of fruit juice in the 300L of punch.
Please help me, (with show of math)
Yes, because as x increases, y increases and because all of the pairs represent the same ratio.
What does it mean when a ratio is proportional?When two sets of provided numbers change in proportion, the ratios are said to be directly proportional if they do so in the same direction.
If two ratios or fractions are equivalent, it may be shown using the proportion formula. By dividing the supplied numbers, we may determine the value that is missing. You may write the percentage formula as a: A and d are the extreme terms, and b and c are the middle terms, according to the formula b::c: d = a/b = c/d.
Yes, because as x increases, y increases.
Yes, because all of the pairs represent the same ratio.
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How to solve a function?
To solve a function, you must determine the value of the function for a given input. This requires finding the equation for the function and then plugging in the given input to find the output. For example, if the function is f(x) = x2 + 2x - 5, and the given input is 3, then the output of the function is f(3) = 12.
1. Substitute the given input, x = 3, into the equation.
2. Simplify the equation: f(3) = 32 + 2(3) - 5
3. Solve the equation: f(3) = 9 + 6 - 5
4. Simplify the equation: f(3) = 12
5. Therefore, the output of the function is f(3) = 12.
To solve a given function, you must first determine the equation for the function. Then, you must substitute the given input into the equation and solve it. In this example, the given input was 3 and the equation for the function was f(x) = x2 + 2x - 5. After plugging in the input of 3, the equation was simplified to f(3) = 9 + 6 - 5, which was further simplified to f(3) = 12. Therefore, the output of the function is f(3) = 12.
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Answer:
do it
Step-by-step explanation:
I need some help with the problem from my math class (-4w - 7)5
-20w-35
I used the distributive property to distribute terms, and then simplified
How do you make a graph compare two sets of data?
There are several ways to make a graph to compare two sets of data, but one common method is to use a line graph.
The steps to create a line graph to compare two sets of data:
Organize the data: Arrange the data into two columns, one for each set of data. Each column should have a label at the top to indicate what the data represents.
Choose a scale: Decide on an appropriate scale for the x- and y-axes that will allow you to clearly display the data. The x-axis should represent the categories being compared, and the y-axis should represent the values of the data.
Plot the data: Using the chosen scale, plot the data points for each set of data on the graph. Use different colors or symbols for each set of data to make it easy to distinguish between the two.
Add a title: Give the graph a title that describes what the graph is showing.
Add a legend: Add a legend to the graph to indicate what each set of data represents.
Add labels: Label the x- and y-axes to indicate what they represent.
By following these steps, you can create a clear and informative line graph that allows you to easily compare two sets of data.
Other types of graph that can be used to compare two sets of data are bar charts, scatter plots, and stacked bar charts. The choice of graph depends on the type of data you have, and what you want to compare or highlight.
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gary has two ladders for a project one reaches 16 3/7 while the other reaches 12 /5/7 how much higher can the longer ladder reach
The longer ladder can reach 3 8/7 feet higher than the shorter one.
The Proportionality Theory.The longer ladder can reach 4 2/7 feet higher than the shorter ladder. To calculate this, we need to subtract the shorter ladder's height (12 5/7 feet) from the taller ladder's height (16 3/7 feet).We can represent this calculation with a fraction equation, as follows:[tex]\frac{16 \frac{3}{7}}{12 \frac{5}{7}} - 12 \frac{5}{7} = \frac{4 \frac{2}{7}}{1}[/tex]To solve this equation, we first need to convert the fractions into equivalent fractions with a common denominator. In this case, the denominator is 7. This means that the first fraction becomes 16 3/7, the second fraction becomes 12 5/7, and the third fraction becomes 4 2/7.Once we have the fractions in the same denominator, we can now subtract the shorter ladder's height (12 5/7 feet) from the taller ladder's height (16 3/7 feet). This gives us a result of 4 2/7 feet. This means that the longer ladder can reach 4 2/7 feet higher than the shorter ladder.To put this into perspective, if we were to use the ladders to reach a height of 16 3/7 feet, the shorter ladder would only reach 12 5/7 feet, while the longer ladder would reach 16 3/7 feet. This means that the longer ladder can reach 4 2/7 feet higher than the shorter ladder.To learn more about The Proportionality Theory refer to:
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5. The population of Haleyville, Alabama was 4,403 in 2010. Haleyville has been experiencing a population decline of 0.6% per year since 2000. What will be the projected population of Haleyville in 2020?
The projected population of Haleyville in 2020 is 4139.
What is a function?A function is a relationship between inputs where each input is related to exactly one output.
Example:
f(x) = 2x + 1
f(1) = 2 + 1 = 3
f(2) = 2 x 2 + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5
The outputs of the functions are 3 and 5
The inputs of the function are 1 and 2.
We have,
Population in 2010 = 4403
The decline in population per year = 0.06%
Now,
The population in 2020.
There are 10 years between 2010 and 2020.
The function used to find the population after x years.
= 4403 x [tex]0.994^x[/tex]
Now,
x = 10
= 4403 x [tex]0.994^{10}[/tex]
= 4403 x 0.94
= 4139
Thus,
The population in 2020 is 4139.
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HELP ASAP
A snail is moving away from a rock.
The equation d=3t represents the relationship between the distance, d , in inches that the snail is from the rock and time, t, in minutes. What does the number 3 represent in this equation?
Distance and time here is directly proportional to each other and the term '3' shows that the distance is increasing, is 3 times of the time, increased.
Given,
A snail is moving away from a rock.
The equation d=3t represents the relationship between the distance, d , in inches that the snail is from the rock and time, t, in minutes.
The number '3' is constant term, which basically represents the the distance covered by the snail, in terms of time or, the rate of increment of distance is terms of time.
Distance and time here is directly proportional to each other and the term '3' shows that the distance is increasing, is 1/3 of the time, increased.
For example if the snail is moving for 1 unit time, the t will be considered as 1. so, the d will be 3*1 = 3, i.e. 3 unit distance will be covered by the snail in 1 unit time.
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Anyone pls help :) I'll give brainliest
Answer:
B. -5/2
Step-by-step explanation:
(0, -7) and (-4, 3)
m = 3+7/-4-0
m = 10/-4
m = -10/4
m = -5/2
Answer:
b
Step-by-step explanation:
What is associative property example?
The example of an associative property is a+(b+c) = (a+b) + c for additional operation and a × (b × c) = (a × b) × c for the multiplication operation. The associative property is used to solve an equation or expression of real numbers.
What are the properties of real numbers?
In the number system, real numbers are only the fusion of rational and irrational numbers. These numbers can generally be used for all arithmetic operations and can also be expressed on a number line.
The four primary characteristics of real numbers are as follows:
Commutative property
Associative property
Distributive property
Identity property.
Associative property: The associative property is applicable on two arithmetic operations. They are multiplication and addition.
For multiplication operations: a × (b × c) = (a × b) × c
For additional operation: a+(b+c) = (a+b) +
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find x pah lease and thank you
Answer: x=4
Step-by-step explanation: x+3=2x-1, then you do simple algebra
PROBLEM SOLVING Your friend has two standard decks of 52 playing cards and asks you to randomly draw one card from each deck. What is the probability that you will draw two spades
Answer:
[tex]\frac{1}{16}[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
We will start by calculating the probability of drawing a spade from one deck, and then square it since we need to get the chance of getting two spades. We know there are 13 spades in a deck, out of 52 cards, giving us:
[tex]\frac{13}{52}[/tex]
Which can be simplified to :
[tex]\frac{1}{4}[/tex]
Then, we will square this fraction since we need two spades in a row:
[tex]\frac{1}{4} * \frac{1}{4} = \frac{1}{16}[/tex]
So the probability is [tex]\frac{1}{16}[/tex].
Hope this helped!
find the values of x and y
The value of x is 45 degree and value of y is 49 degree.We can find by using supplementary and corresponding angles.
What is supplementary angle with example?Supplementary angles are those angles that sum up to 180 degrees. To find the angle which is supplementary to another angle subtract the given angle from 180 degrees. For example if one angle is 60 degrees then another angle is 180 – 60 = 120 degrees.
What is a corresponding angle example?Corresponding angles are the angles that are formed when two parallel lines are intersected by the transversal. The opening and shutting of a lunchbox, solving a Rubik's cube, and never-ending parallel railway tracks are a few everyday examples of corresponding angles.
Now we find
according to supplementary angles
3x+45=180
3x=180-45
x=45
According to corresponding angles
y-4=45
y=45+4
y=49
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What is the x-coordinate of the solution to the system shown?
3x - y = 6
3x + y = 34
Answer:
6[tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
In this equation I will do the elimination method.
3x-y=6
3x+y=34
6x=40
Simplify
x=6[tex]\frac{2}{3}[/tex].
Check:
3(6.666...)-y=6
20-y=6
-20 from 6
-y=-14
y=14
20-14=6
6=6
3x(6.666...)+y=34
20+14=34
34=34
The quotient of 18 and the number is three what is the number
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Divide: 18 ÷3=?
The answer is 6
A function multiplies its input by 3/4 then adds 7 to get its output. Use function notation to represent this function.
f(x)=_____
In function notation, the function is represented as f(x) = (3/4)x + 7.
In function notation, the function is represented by the letter "f" followed by the input value inside parentheses. The input value is typically represented by the letter "x". In this case, the function takes "x" as its input and performs the operation of multiplying it by 3/4 and then adding 7 to get the output. We can represent this function using the equation f(x) = (3/4)x + 7.
It's worth noting that the function notation is a way to express a mathematical relationship between two variables, the input variable (x) and the output variable (f(x)), in which every input value of x corresponds to exactly one output value. This equation represents the same function regardless of the input value, and it can be used to find the output for any input value by simply substituting it in the equation.
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The circumference of a circle B is 80% of the circumference of circle A.
a) Find the ratio of the area of circle A to the area of circle B, giving your
answer in the form 100:n
100 :
(2)
Square E has sides of length e cm.
Square F has sides of length fcm.
The area of square E is 69% greater than the area of square F.
b) Work out the ratio of e:f
Your final line should say, Ratio of e:f is
(2)
The area of circle A to the area of circle B ratio is 100: 64, and the ratio of e: f is 13: 10.
The area of the circle is equal to the multiplication of the square of the circle's radius and π.
A = πr²
where 'r' is the radius
Circumference of circle A × 0.8 = circumference of circle B
So, taking r as the radius of A,
2πr = circumference of circle A
2πr × 0.8 = circumference of circle B
So the radius of B is r × 0.8.
Now we can substitute that in the area equations :
Area of A = π×r²
Area of B = π × (r × 0.8)² = π × r² × 0.64
The circumferences of the A to B ratio is
Circumference of A : Circumference of B = (2 × π × r)/(2 × π × r × 0.8)
= 1: 0.8 = 100: 80,
The areas of circle A to circle B ratio is
Area of A : Area of B = (π × r²)/(π × r² × 0.64) = 1: 0.64 = 100: 64
e² = f² × 1.69
69% larger shows that f² is the 100% to which we must add 69% to obtain e². 100% + 69% Equals 169%, obtaining a factor of 1.69.
We have this equation:
e² = f² × 1.69
Apply the square root on both sides.
e = f × √(1.69) = f × 1.3
e/f = 1.3 = 1.3/1 = 13/10
the ratio e:f = 13: 10
Thus, the ratio of circle A's area to circle B's area is 100: 64 and the ratio of e: f is 13: 10.
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What is the number of terms in the expansion of 2x 3y 2 )( 2x 3y 2 2?
The number of terms in the expansion of [tex](2x^3y^2)(2x^2y^3)[/tex] is 12.
When expanding the product of two polynomials, the number of terms in the expansion is equal to the product of the number of terms in each polynomial. In this case, the first polynomial has 1 term (2x^3y^2) and the second polynomial has 1 term (2x^2y^3), so the number of terms in the expansion will be 1*1=1.
A polynomial function is one in which the variable's non-negative integer powers or positive integer exponents are the only parts of the equation. Examples of polynomial functions include quadratic, cubic, and other equations. An example of a polynomial with an exponent of 1 is 2x+5.
However, the expression provided is not a polynomial, it is a number.
[tex]2x^3y^2 * 2x^2y^3 = 4x^5y^5[/tex]
It is just one term.
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Hey I need help with this problem here in the picture, would rlly appreciate some quick help
Using the Pythagoras Theorem the value of c=11.40 and the number that goes beneath the radical is 130.
What is Pythagoras Theorem?
In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides, according to Pythagoras's Theorem. These triangle's three sides are known as the Perpendicular, Base, and Hypotenuse. Due to its position opposite the 90° angle, the hypotenuse in this case is the longest side.
The rectangle is divided into two triangles which have exactly same sides.
So take any one triangle.
Apply the Pythagoras theorem since it is a right-angled triangle with base = 9 and perpendicular = 7.
So, according to Pythagoras theorem -
(Hypotenuse)^2=(Base)^2+(Perpendicular)^2
Plugging in the values in the equation -
c^2=(9)^2+(7)^2
c^2=81+49
c^2=130
c=[tex]\sqrt{130}[/tex]
c=11.40
Therefore, the value of c is obtained as 11.40.
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Why are the acute angles of an isosceles right triangle always 45?
An isosceles right triangle has two sides that are equal in length; this means that the angles opposite the sides must also be equal. Since the triangle is a right triangle and the sum of angles of a triangle is 180 degrees, the angles must each be 45 degrees.
The acute angles of an isosceles right triangle are always 45 because of the Pythagorean Theorem. This theorem states that in a right triangle the sum of the squares of the two sides adjacent to the right angle (the legs) is equal to the square of the hypotenuse. Since an isosceles right triangle has two equal legs, and the hypotenuse is the longest side, the two legs must both have the same length, and the angles opposite from these sides must also be the same. This means that the two acute angles in an isosceles right triangle must both be 45 degrees.
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The perimeter of triangle ABC is 26 units. The altitudes of triangle ABC are in the ratio 2: 3: 4. Compute the area of triangle ABC.
please help me w step by step explanation and work tysm !
Answer:
59
Step-by-step explanation:
What is the y-intercept of y= -3x + 6
Answer: 6
Step-by-step explanation:
y = -3x + 6 is the linear equation of the form y = mx + c
where m is the gradient of the graph and c is the y-intercept of the graph.
Hence,
m = -3
c = 6
y-intercept of the graph = c
= 6
A 20-gallon bathtub is to be filled with water that is exactly 100°F. The hot water supply is 175°F and the cold water supply is 20°F. When mixed, the temperature will be a weighted average based on the amount of each water source in the mix. How much of each should be used to fill the tub as specified?
320/31 gallons of hot water and 300/31 gallons of cold water are needed.
Here we are required to fill a 20-gallon bathtub and the water should be precisely 100° F.
It is given that hot water has a temperature of 175° F and cold water has a temperature of 20° F.
Let the amount of hot water used be x gallons.
Let the amount of cold water used be y gallons.
Since the bathtub has a capacity of 20 gallons,
x + y = 20 [1]
or, y = 20 - x [2]
The temperature after the water is mixed will be a weighted average of the temperature and amt of water used.
Hence we get,
(175x + 20y) / (x + y) = 100
from equation [1] we get
175x + 20y = 2000 [3]
from equations [2] and [3] we get
155x - 400 = 2000
or, x = 1600/155 = 320/31 [4]
Similarly,
y = 20 - 320/31
= 300/31
Hence 320/31 gallons of hot water and 300/31 gallons of cold water are needed.
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how many times bigger is b than c
Use the quadratic formula to find both solutions to the quadratic equation
given below.
4x² + 5x+1=0
A. X=-
-3-√√-7
8
□ B. x=-3-√7
8
C. x=
E. x=
-3+√√-7
8
D. x=-¹
+3+√7
8
F. x= -1
Answer: x=-1/4 and x=-1
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer choices you give are extremely hard to figure out, so I hope my explanations and answers help.
The quadratic formula is [tex]x=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac} }{2a}[/tex]. Once we figure out a, b, c, we can plug them into the formula and solve for x.
The standard form equation is ax²+bx+c=0. The equation given matches this so we know that:
a=4
b=5
c=1
Plug them into the formula. There is a [tex]\pm[/tex] symbol, which stands for "plus or minus". This means we solve the formula with addition and subtractions separately. We should have 2 solutions at the end. Let's do them separately to show work.
Solution 1: addition
[tex]x_1=\frac{-5+\sqrt{5^2-4(4)(1)} }{2(4)}[/tex] [exponents]
[tex]x_1=\frac{-5+\sqrt{25-4(4)(1)} }{2(4)}[/tex] [multiply]
[tex]x_1=\frac{-5+\sqrt{25-16} }{8}[/tex] [inside square root]
[tex]x_1=\frac{-5+\sqrt{9} }{8}[/tex] [square root]
[tex]x_1=\frac{-5+3}{8}[/tex] [add]
[tex]x_1=\frac{-2}{8}[/tex] [divide top and bottom by 2]
[tex]x_1=-\frac{1}{4}[/tex]
Solution 2: subtraction
[tex]x_2=\frac{-5-\sqrt{5^2-4(4)(1)} }{2(4)}[/tex] [exponents]
[tex]x_2=\frac{-5-\sqrt{25-4(4)(1)} }{2(4)}[/tex] [multiply]
[tex]x_2=\frac{-5-\sqrt{25-16} }{8}[/tex] [inside square root]
[tex]x_2=\frac{-5-\sqrt{9} }{8}[/tex] [square root]
[tex]x_2=\frac{-5-3}{8}[/tex] [subtract]
[tex]x_2=\frac{-8}{8}[/tex] [divide]
[tex]x_2=-1[/tex]
I am not able to find the answer choices, but we know that x=-1/4 and x=-1.
Find the length and width of the actual room, shown in the scale drawing. Then find the area of the actual room. Round the final answer, if necessary, to the nearest tenth.
The actual dimensions are 9.75 feet and 7.5 feet. The area will be 73.125 square feet.
What is the scale factor?The ratio of the scale of an original thing to a new object that is a representation of it but of a different size is known as a scale factor (bigger or smaller). The scale factor is defined as the proportion of the new image's size to that of the previous image.
Here the scale factor for the given image is 2 inch = 3 ft.
The measure of the actual dimensions will be calculated as,
2 in = 3 ft
1 in = 3/2 ft
6.5 in = 6.5 x 3 / 2 = 9.75 ft
5 in = 5 x 3 / 2 = 7.5 ft
The actual area will be calculated as,
Area = 9.75 x 7.5
Area = 73.125 square feet
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Simplify the expression. Explain each step. 7(9w) 7(9w) = 11 Associative Property of Multiplication Multiply 7 and 9.
Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
7(9w)7(9w) = 11
(7 ×7)(9×9)(w×w) = 11
49 ×81 w² = 11
3969w² = 11
[tex]\frac{3969w^{2} }{3969}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{11}{3969}[/tex]
w² = [tex]\frac{11}{3969}[/tex]
[tex]\sqrt{w^{2} }[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{11/3969}[/tex]
w = ± [tex]\frac{\sqrt{11} }{63}[/tex]
Because the solution contains a square root the answer contains both a negative and a positive solution.
1. What is the measure of angle ABE?
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2. Select all true statements about the figura
E
A
B
129
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40°
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The solution is 40°
The measure of the angle ∠ABE = 40°
What are Parallel Lines Cut by Transversal?Straight, equally spaced lines that never cross each other and are on the same plane are called parallel lines. The angles that are created when any two parallel lines are intersected by a line (referred to as the transversal) have a relationship. Corresponding angles, Alternate Interior Angles, Alternate Exterior Angles, and Consecutive Interior Angles are some of the several pairs of angles that are created at this intersection.
Corresponding angles
When two parallel lines are intersected by a transversal, the corresponding angles have the same relative position
Alternate Interior Angles
Alternate interior angles are formed on the inside of two parallel lines which are intersected by a transversal.
Alternate Exterior Angles
The pairs of angles formed on either side of a transversal that divides two parallel lines are known as alternate exterior angles.
Consecutive Interior Angles
When two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, the pairs of angles formed on the inside of one side of the transversal are called consecutive interior angles or co-interior angles.
Given data ,
Let the angle be represented as ∠ABE
Now , let the line be EBC and the total angle of a straight line = 180°
And , the measure of ∠CBD = 40°
Since , ∠ABE and ∠CBD are vertically opposite angles ,
The measure of ∠ABE = measure of ∠CBD
Therefore , the value of ∠ABE = 40°
Hence , the measure of vertically opposite angle ∠ABE = 40°
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Dobra has 20 birr to Spenclon juice boxes for her son's preschool picnic. Each pack of juice boxes Corts 2.50- what is the maxiumum a numbers of packs she can buy
Using simple unitary method and with the total and per unit value provided, The answer is 8 boxes maximum can be bought.
What is unitary method?The unitary method is a method used in mathematics to solve problems involving units of measurement. It involves expressing the units of measurement as a fraction or multiple of a single unit and then using this fraction or multiple to solve the problem. The method is particularly useful in solving problems involving conversions between different units of measurement. The unitary method is particularly useful in solving word problems where the conversion of units is required. It involves expressing the given information in terms of a single unit and then using that information to find the unknown quantity.
Why is unitary method important?The unitary method is a useful tool for solving problems involving units of measurement, it simplifies the problem and improves understanding of conversions. It also helps to develop critical thinking skills and is a useful tool for problem-solving in a variety of subjects.
each box costs = 2.5
total money =20
maximum that can be bought = 20/2.5 =8
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A hotel is offering two weekend specials. The first special is 3 nights and 4 meals for $233. The second
special is 3 nights and 3 meals for $226.50.
Part A: Write a system of equations to represent cost per night x and cost per meal y.
Part B: What is the cost per night and the cost per meal?
Answer: Part A:
To represent the cost per night x and cost per meal y in a system of equations, we can use the information provided in the question:
First Special:
3x + 4y = 233
Second Special:
3x + 3y = 226.50
Where x is the cost per night and y is the cost per meal.
Part B:
To find the cost per night and the cost per meal, we can use the information provided in the question and system of equations.
We can solve this system of equations using several methods: substitution or elimination method.
One common method to find the solution is by substitution method, where we find the value of x in terms of y from one of the equations and then substitute it into the other equation to solve for y.
x = (233 - 4y)/3
then substitute it into the other equation:
3(233 - 4y) + 3y = 226.50
now solve for y:
699 - 12y + 3y = 226.50
-9y = -472.50
y = 52.50
and we can substitute it back into the first equation:
3x + 4(52.50) = 233
3x = 80.50
x = 26.83
So the cost per night is $26.83 and the cost per meal is $52.50
Step-by-step explanation:
What is the slope of a line that pass through the points (3,-2) and (5,-2)?
[tex](\stackrel{x_1}{3}~,~\stackrel{y_1}{-2})\qquad (\stackrel{x_2}{5}~,~\stackrel{y_2}{-2}) \\\\\\ \stackrel{slope}{m}\implies \cfrac{\stackrel{\textit{\large rise}} {\stackrel{y_2}{-2}-\stackrel{y1}{(-2)}}}{\underset{\textit{\large run}} {\underset{x_2}{5}-\underset{x_1}{3}}} \implies \cfrac{-2 +2}{2} \implies \cfrac{ 0 }{ 2 } \implies \text{\LARGE 0}[/tex]
Answer:
slope = 0
Step-by-step explanation:
calculate the slope m using the slope formula
m = [tex]\frac{y_{2}-y_{1} }{x_{2}-x_{1} }[/tex]
with (x₁, y₁ ) = (3, - 2 ) and (x₂, y₂ ) = (5, - 2 )
m = [tex]\frac{-2-(-2)}{5-3}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{-2+2}{2}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{0}{2}[/tex] = 0