A compound is considered to have a polar covalent nature if one part of it is partially positive while the other is partially negative .
A compound called nonpolar covalent in nature if an atoms share an equal number of electrons.
Thus in a polar covalent compound there is difference in the electronegativity whereas there is no such difference in the case of nonpolar covalent compounds.
There is formation of positive and negative ions in the polar covalent compounds known as anions and cations , there is no such ion formation in case of nonpolar covalent compounds.
These are certain differences using which we can identify if a compound is ionic polar covalent or nonpolar covalent.
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a 128 sample of oxygen gas reacts with excess nitrogen monoxide to form nitrogen dioxide gas. what volume of nitrogen dioxide will be produced at 273K and 101.3kPa (STP)
Answer:
To determine the volume of nitrogen dioxide gas produced when a sample of oxygen gas reacts with excess nitrogen monoxide, you need to know the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. Without this information, it is not possible to accurately calculate the volume of nitrogen dioxide produced.
In general, to determine the volume of a gas produced in a chemical reaction, you need to know the volume of the reactant gases and the mole ratios of the reactants and products in the balanced chemical equation. You can then use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of the gas produced at a given temperature and pressure.
For example, if the balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2 O2 + 2 NO --> 2 NO2
and you know that you started with 128 g of O2, you can use the molar mass of O2 to convert the mass to moles, and then use the mole ratio from the chemical equation to determine the number of moles of NO2 produced. You can then use the ideal gas law to calculate the volume of NO2 produced at a given temperature and pressure.
I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.
Explanation:
a student needs to prepare a 1h nmr sample for an organic compound soluble in chloroform (chcl3) . the student cannot use chcl3 as the solvent for the sample, but rather uses deuterated chloroform (cdcl3) because:
A typical solvent for NMR spectroscopy of organic compounds is deuterated chloroform.
What is CDCl3?
Chloroform (CHCl3) is a derivative of CDCl3, in which the hydrogen atom ("H") is switched to the heavy hydrogen isotope deuterium ("D").
CDCl3 is used because of the following two reasons
In order to stabilise the magnetic field strength, contemporary NMR spectrometers evaluate the solvent's deuterium absorption. The deuterium receiver detects a field fluctuation through a change in the observation frequency and can adjust the field intensity accordingly because the observation frequency is field dependant.
Deuterated solvents are used in place of common 1H-containing solvents to prevent the massive solvent absorption that would otherwise ruin the 1H-NMR spectra because there is always a lot more solvent in the sample than substance of interest.
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Be sure to answer all parts. Draw a mechanism for the following reaction: BrtBuO t-BuO finish structure…
Elimination reactions are of three types, one is E1, second is E2 and third of E1cb. Therefore, in the below given ways we can describe the mechanism for the given reaction.
What is elimination reaction?Any of a series of organic chemical processes in which a pair or atom groups are eliminated from a molecule, generally by the actions of acids, base, or metal and, in some circumstances, by heating to an elevated temp.
t-BuO is the base which extract hydrogen ion from the given compound. This elimination reaction will proceed via E2 mechanism in which leaving group Br and H adjacent to it will be removed simultaneously to form the given element.
Therefore, in the above given ways we can describe the mechanism for the given reaction.
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How do you know if pewter has lead in it?
The most effective approach to check for lead in pewter is to use a lead test kit from the hardware store. Swabbing a metal surface with test chemicals.
What is pewter?As a hardening agent, pewter is a tin-based alloy with varying quantities of antimony, bismuth, copper, and lead.The best method for testing for lead in pewter is to use a lead test kit from a hardware shop. It doesn't tarnish and keeps its color and shine for a very long time. Typically, pewter work is cast, followed by further finishing processes including hammering, turning on a lathe, burnishing, and occasionally engraving. Snuffboxes are one item that was made from various pewter components and then soldered together.Because of the health risks associated with Lead, pewters are no longer used in products that will come into touch with people's bodies, such as cups, plates, and jewelry.For more information on pewter kindly visit to
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What would happen if H+ ions were able to freely diffuse through the mitochondrial membrane without the need for pumps or ATP synthase?
If protons (H+) were able to freely move across the mitochondrial membrane, cellular respiration will not occur.
Mitochondria are encased in a double-membrane system made up of inner and outer mitochondrial membranes separated by an intermembranous space. The inner membrane has numerous folds (cristae) that extend into the organelle's interior. In the critical process of oxidative phosphorylation, the electrochemical proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis. This is made possible by the previously mentioned membrane-bound enzyme ATP synthase.
The electron transport chain creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, causing chemiosmosis to drive ATP synthesis. The proton gradient across the cristae membrane is produced by three large membrane protein complexes of the respiratory chain in the cristae, known as complexes I (NADH/ubiquinone oxidoreductase), III (cytochrome c reductase), and IV (cytochrome c reductase) (cytochrome c oxidase).
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Which of the following statements correctly describe a polar covalent bond?
a. The lattice energy of an ionic compound tends to decrease as ionic size increases.
b. NaCl is expected to have a higher lattice energy than NaBr.
The following statements correctly describe a polar covalent bond are :
a. The lattice energy of an ionic compound tends to decrease as ionic size increases.
b. NaCl is expected to have a higher lattice energy than NaBr.
The lattice energy is the amount of the energy required to convert one mole of an ionic solid to gaseous. The lattice energy increases as the ion charge increase and the ionic size decreases and the lattice energy decreases as the ionic size increases.
lattice energy ∝ charge on ion / ion size
The NaCl is expected to have a higher lattice energy than NaBr. as we move down the group ionic size increases and lattice energy decreases.
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Which has higher freezing point 0.1 m NaCl or 0.1 M glucose?
0.1 M NaCl has a higher freezing point than 0.1 M glucose. This is because 0.1 M NaCl is a stronger electrolyte than 0.1 M glucose, which means it can form more ion-ion interactions with other molecules in the solution.
What is freezing point?The freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. It is also known as the freezing temperature and is the point at which the molecules of a substance slow down enough for them to form a crystalline structure. The freezing point of a substance is determined by its chemical composition and the pressure the substance is under. Generally, the freezing point decreases as the pressure of the substance increases. For most substances, the freezing point is below 0°C (32°F). Water has a unique property, however, and its freezing point is 0°C (32°F) at a pressure of 1 atmosphere.
This increases the solution's boiling point and freezing point due to the increased attractive forces between the molecules.
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What intermolecular forces are present between two molecules of CH₃CF₃?
B) dispersion and dipole-dipole
Between two CH3CF3 molecules, dispersion and dipole-dipole intermolecular forces exist.
Due to CH3CF3's polar nature, two of its molecules will interact via dipole-dipole interactions. Because dispersion forces exist between every molecule, they will also be present. The electrostatic forces between two permanently polar molecules are called dipole-dipole forces, or dipole-dipole interactions. The forces of attraction that occur between molecules are referred to as intermolecular forces (IMF), sometimes known as secondary forces. Intramolecular forces, such as the bonds between atoms, are those that exist within a molecule and hold it together. The interactions between molecules, or intermolecular forces, are what control many of a substance's physical characteristics.
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In Lab, We Used Oxone To Oxidize Borneol To Camphor. Write Chemical Equations Describing The Reaction Of NaCl And Oxone.
Answer:
NaO2SO3 -> Na2SO4 + O2
Explanation:
The reaction of NaCl (sodium chloride) and Oxone (potassium peroxymonosulfate) is described by the following chemical equations:
The first step in the reaction is to dissociate oxone into its component ions:
Oxone (potassium peroxymonosulfate) -> K+ (potassium ion) + O2SO3- (peroxymonosulfate ion)
The peroxymonosulfate ion (O2SO3-) then oxidizes the sodium chloride (NaCl) to produce sodium peroxymonosulfate (NaO2SO3) and chlorine gas (Cl2):
NaCl + O2SO3- -> NaO2SO3 + Cl2
The sodium peroxymonosulfate (NaO2SO3) then decomposes into sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and oxygen gas (O2):
NaO2SO3 ) -> Na2SO4 + O2.#SPJ4
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A reaction mixture initially contains 4.2 mol zns and 6.8 mol o2. once the reaction has occurred as completely as possible, what amount (in moles) of the excess reactant is left?
The excess reactant left in the mixture is 0.5 mol.
What are reactants?
In a chemical reaction, reactants are the starting materials that react to form new products. Reactants are typically listed on the left side of a chemical equation, and the products are listed on the right side.
To determine the amount of excess reactant left in the reaction mixture once the reaction has occurred as completely as possible, we need to balance the chemical equation for the reaction and then use the balanced equation to calculate the amount of excess reactant.
Assuming that the reaction is:
ZnS + O2 -> ZnO + SO2
The balanced chemical equation would be:
2 ZnS + 3 O2 -> 2 ZnO + 2 SO2
Once the reaction has occurred as completely as possible, the amount of each reactant present in the reaction mixture can be calculated using the mole ratios from the balanced equation.
For example, if the amount of ZnS present in the reaction mixture is 4.2 mol, the amount of O2 present can be calculated as follows:
O2 = (4.2 mol ZnS) x (3 mol O2 / 2 mol ZnS) = 6.3 mol O2
Since the initial amount of O2 present in the reaction mixture was 6.8 mol, the excess reactant is 6.8 mol O2 - 6.3 mol O2 = 0.5 mol O2.
Therefore, the amount of excess reactant (O2) left in the reaction mixture once the reaction has occurred as completely as possible is 0.5 mol.
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Is hydrogen positive or negative charge?
Hydrogen is said to be positively charged and not negatively charged.
How is Hydrogen positively charged?A hydrogen atom loses an electron, becoming positively charged (it has a charge of +1), and this creates a hydrogen ion. Due to the fact that a hydrogen atom only possesses one proton and no electrons, a hydrogen atom is frequently referred to as only a proton.
A proton in the nucleus of a hydrogen atom is surrounded by one electron. In order to form a full outer shell and become more stable, hydrogen usually loses this electron or shares it with another atom in a covalent bond. Hydrogen is only one proton thick when its electron is removed, giving it a positive charge.
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What will be the ratio of rate of diffusion between o2 and h2?
4:1 will be the ratio of rate of diffusion between [tex]O_{2}[/tex] and [tex]H_{2}[/tex].
Graham's law for the diffusion of two gases is given as:
[tex]r_{1}[/tex]/[tex]r_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{m_{2} /m_{1} }[/tex]
Substituting the molecular weights, 32 for 2 oxygen and 2 for hydrogen, we get the ratio of rates of diffusion of [tex]H_{2}[/tex]: [tex]O_{2}[/tex] = [tex]\sqrt{32/4}[/tex] = 4:1.
What is rate of diffusion?
Diffusion in gases is the random movement of particles involved in the net movement of matter from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Particles in a particular gas keep colliding with other particles. In regions of the gas with the highest particle density, the particles bounce off each other, and at the boundaries of the container they bounce more than particles in regions of lower density.
4:1 will be the ratio of rate of diffusion between [tex]O_{2}[/tex] and [tex]H_{2}[/tex].
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Give the major product(s) for the following reaction: Your answer is the product from halogenation of the primary radical. The product from halogenation of the secondary radical is also formed.
The Cl₂ molecule breakes to form two radicals. One attacks the first double bond and forms the compound CH3-CH (Cl) -CH· -CH=CH₂. The CH radical further joins with the second Cl radical and form the product CH3-CH (Cl) -CH(Cl) -CH=CH₂.
What is halogenation?Halogenation is the reaction of organic or inorganic compounds with halogen atoms such as chlorine, bromine etc forming corresponding halides.
In the given reaction, Cl₂ molecule decomposes to form two Cl radicals thermally or photochemically. One Cl radical attacks the double bond and forms the product CH3-CH (Cl) -CH· -CH=CH₂ leaving one CH radical in it.
The second Cl radical is now available to attack the CH radical and finally produce the dihalide CH3-CH (Cl) -CH(Cl) -CH=CH₂.The compound is named as 3, 4 dichloropentene.
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lithium has an atomic mass of 6.941 amu and has two known isotopes. 6li has a mass of 6.015 amu and 7li has a mass of 7.016 amu. calculate the percent abundance of each isotope to the correct number of significant figures.
The second isotope's atomic mass is 7.016, and each isotope's percent abundance is accurate to the right number of significant digits. mass of 6Li isotope=0.446⋅amu0.0742=6.011⋅amu.
What is the concise definition of atomic mass?The mass of a single atom in a chemical element is referred to as its atomic mass (symbol: ma). It has to do with the masses of the protons, neutrons, and electrons, the three subatomic particles that make up an atom.
What is an example of an atomic mass?A mass that is one-twelfth the mass of the an atom of carbon-12 is referred to as an atomic mass unit. Any isotope of any element's mass is given in reference to the carbon-12 standard. One atom of helium-4, for instance, weighs 4.0162 amu. A sulfur-32 atom has a mass of 31.972 amu.
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Which claim most accurately describes the energy transformation taking place while he practices his guitar?
Sound energy is converted into elastic energy.
Kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy.
Mechanical energy is converted into sound energy.
Electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy.
There is a law called conservation of energy which states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. It can be only transferred from one form to another form. Therefore, the correct option is option B.
What is energy transfer in thermodynamics?Energy transfer is a phenomenon in which energy transfer from one matter to another matter. Energy can be transferred in two forms that are by doing work or by transferring heat.
Heat can be transferred by three ways conduction, convention and radiation. In conduction, when two object are in direct contact, transfer of molecules takes place. Kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy while he practices his guitar.
Therefore, the correct option is option B.
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The table below gives observations about three new materials discovered by a scientist: Properties of Sample Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Definite shape Indefinite shape Indefinite shape Definite volume Definite volume Indefinite volume Constant mass Constant mass Constant mass Based on the table, which of these samples can the scientist classify as classify as closely resembling steam?
(a) Only sample 1
(b)Only sample 3
(c)Both sample 1 and sample 2
(d)Both sample 1 and sample 3
Definite volume and shape represents solid, Indefinite shape and definite volume represents Liquid state, substances with an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume represents Gaseous state. The correct option to this is A.
what are properties of solid?Solids have fixed volume and solid shape.One cannot compress a solid.Density is very high for solids.A solid's constituent particles are attracted to one another very strongly.The distance between solids' particle is minuscule.What are properties of liquid?Nearly impossible to compress are liquids. Molecules in liquids are quite near to one another.Although liquids have a fixed volume, their shapes are not.From a higher to a lower level, liquids flow.Under normal circumstances, liquids have boiling points above room temperature.What are properties of gas?In addition to being simple to compress and expand to fill their containers, gases also take up a lot more space than the liquids or solids from which they originate.For more information on states of matter kindly visit to
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What are the steps in enzyme reactions?
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions in cells. The first step in an enzyme reaction is the binding of the substrate, the molecule that the enzyme acts on, to the active site of the enzyme.
Substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme.The enzyme-substrate complex undergoes a conformational change, bringing the substrate closer to the catalytic site.The substrate is chemically modified by the enzyme.The product(s) are released from the enzyme.The active site is a specific region on the enzyme's surface where the substrate binds. Once the substrate is bound, the enzyme may undergo a conformational change, which brings the substrate closer to the catalytic site of the enzyme. The catalytic site is the region of the enzyme where the chemical reaction takes place.
The substrate is then modified by the enzyme, resulting in the production of one or more products. Finally, the product(s) are released from the enzyme, and the enzyme is available to bind and catalyze the reaction with additional substrate molecules.
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what volume of a 0.291 m solutionof naoh is requreid to reach the equivalence point in a titration against 25 ml of 0.350 m hcl
The volume of a 0.291 m solution of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point in a titration against 25 ml of a 0.350 m HCl solution is 27.50 ml.
This can be calculated using the formula VNaOH
= (25ml) × (0.350 M HCl) / (0.291 M NaOH).
The volume of a 0.291 m solution of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point in a titration against 25 ml of a 0.350 m HCl solution can be calculated using the following equation:
VNaOH = (25ml) × (0.350 M HCl) / (0.291 M NaOH) VNaOH
= 27.50 ml
Therefore, the volume of a 0.291 m solution of NaOH required to reach the equivalence point in a titration against 25 ml of a 0.350 m HCl solution is 27.50 ml.
When a titration is performed, the equivalence point is reached when the moles of the acid is equal to the moles of the base. For an acid-base titration, the equivalence point is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction between the acid and the base. In this case, the reaction between the 0.350 m HCl and the 0.291 m NaOH is
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O.
The ratio of HCl to NaOH is 1:1, which means that when the moles of HCl is equal to the moles of NaOH, the reaction is complete, and the equivalence point is reached.
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assume that 50.0ml50.0ml of 1.0mnacl(aq)1.0mnacl(aq) and 50.0ml50.0ml of 1.0magno3(aq)1.0magno3(aq) were combined. according to the balanced equation, if 50.0ml50.0ml of 2.0mnacl(aq)2.0mnacl(aq) and 50.0ml50.0ml of 1.0magno3(aq)1.0magno3(aq) were combined, the amount of precipitate formed would
The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that the mass of the precipitate is 7.15 g.
What is the amount of the precipitate formed?We know that the amount of the precipitate that is formed would depend on the stoichiometry of the reaction. This is why we have to set up the balanced reaction equation as follows;
[tex]AgNO_{3} (aq) + NaCl(aq) ----- > AgCl(s) + NaNO_{3} (aq)[/tex]
Number of moles of sliver nitrate = concentration * volume
= 50/1000 L * 1 M
= 0.05 moles
Number of moles of sodium chloride = 50/1000 L * 1 M
= 0.05 moles
Since the reaction is 1:1, the amount of the precipitate is;
0.05 moles * 143 g/mol
= 7.15 g
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The number of known elements changed very rapidly over a 150-year period. There were 62 known elements in the mid-1800s. How many known elements (total) are there today?.
There are 118 known chemical elements in the periodic table as of today.
Periodic table, often referred to as The Periodic Table of Elements, is rows and columns of chemical elements which are organized by its atomic number, from the element with the lowest atomic number namely hydrogen, to the highest element with the highest atomic number called oganesson. The Periodic Table was first arranged and formulated by a Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869. Periodic table is an important tool to organize and arrange chemical properties for each elements listed in the periodic table and also to predict chemical reaction as well as how each elements relate and react with one another.
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Does lemon juice harm metal?
Lemon juice harm metal.
What are metals?
Metals are shiny, opaque materials that efficiently conduct electricity and heat.
Citric acid, which is present in lemon juice, gives it an acidic nature. Iron oxide and hydrogen gas are frequently produced when iron and citric acid interact. Lemon juice is no longer suitable for eating as a result. Lemon juice is also said to be quite caustic. Lemon juice can cause micro-particle metal leaching if it comes into prolonged contact with metals or metallic containers (even metals like stainless steel quality). This could imply that a customer could unintentionally consume a corrosion-related micro metal particle. Lemon juice shouldn't be kept in an iron container as a result.
Therefore, lemon juice harm metal.
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What does a valence of 3 mean?
The quantity of electrons required to completely fill an atom's outermost shell is known as valence. Because there are exceptions, the more inclusive definition of valence is the average number of electron bonds or bonds an atom creates with other atoms.
What atom's valence is three?Therefore, gallium has three valence electrons. By sharing electrons, atoms can join to form an octet of valence electrons.
The number of valence electrons?The number of valence electrons for neutral atoms is the same as the number of the atom's main group. A periodic table element's column can be used to determine its main group number.
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What are the three 3 factors affecting the performance of a chemical sanitiser?
Several physical and chemical factors also influence disinfectant procedures: temperature, pH, relative humidity, and water hardness.
What has an impact on the chemical sanitizer mixture?Sanitizers can usually function properly in temperatures between 75°F and 120°F. Some metal objects may corrode when exposed to chlorine compounds at higher temperatures. Higher temperatures may also cause chlorine and iodine chemicals to evaporate from the solutions.
What aspects of sanitizing effectiveness are there?Number of microbes: If the microbial load is large, a stronger concentration of disinfectant or a longer exposure period is required to reach a specific level of disinfection.
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You finally discovered how to make a vibranium and unobtainium alloy and you want to make as much of it as possible, but you are unsure if the process is spontaneous at room temperature (25℃). Your colleague already completed experiments to determine enthalpy (ΔH = +360.0 kJ/mol) and entropy (ΔS = +185.0 J/mol*K).Calculate the Gibbs free energy for this process.A)The Gibbs free energy is kJ/molB)Is this process spontaneous at 25℃? (Enter YES or NO)C) Under what temperature conditions (K) will this reaction occur spontaneously?1.Enter ABOVE or BELOW2. Temperature K
Make sure it's the ice dragon forge, and place unobtainium in the first slot and vibranium in the second. Make the unobtainium allthemodium and combine the metals in silent Gear tools and armour.
Vibranium is unique in that it can absorb all vibrational energies. The metal can absorb various types of vibration, ranging from physical force to sound waves. The absorbed energy is stored in the bonds of molecules, making the metal more difficult to destroy. Adamantium is virtually unbreakable.
Unobtainium can only be obtained by surrounding Tungsten Ore in a crafting table with 9 Infused Ingots. Unobtainium is one of only two ores that glow, the other being mythril. The name comes from the fact that unobtainium is the only ore that cannot be obtained through normal means.
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What are the 3 steps of an enzyme?
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, speeding up the rate of the reaction without being changed or consumed in the process.
Substrate binding: The substrate molecule binds to the active site of the enzyme.Catalysis: The enzyme-substrate complex undergoes a conformational change, bringing the substrate closer to the catalytic site. The substrate is then chemically modified by the enzyme.Product release: The product(s) are released from the enzyme, and the enzyme is available to bind and catalyze the reaction with additional substrate molecules.They are highly specific, meaning that they only recognize and interact with very specific molecules, allowing them to act as highly efficient catalysts.
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The Lewis structure for H3BO3 is Select one: H-0 Báõ–H a. 1 :0: H 1 Ob. H–ô Bỡ–H :0: | H H-0=B=0-H Ос. :0 H H-0-B-0-H 1 :0: O d. - H 1 O e. H-0-B-04H :0: 1 H Which of the following molecules has the shortest nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond: N2H4. NO, N, N,O4? Select one: a. N2H4 O b. N2 O c. N204 O d. N20 Several resonance structures for the molecule CO2 are shown. Which one of them is likely to be of little importance in describing the bonding in this molecule? Select one: O a. 0=c=0 O b. 00-03 . Ос: :0=C-O: 2+ :: O d. 0-0-0 Two chemically important molecules CS and OCS are used in different chemical reactions, Predict if they have high, lower, or equal dipole moment in comparison (if any) to each other. Select one: O a. CS2 has lower dipole moment than OCS O b. CS, has no dipole moment than OCS O c. Cannot be compare with each other O d. OCS has no dipole moment than CS2 O e. Both have equal dipole moment O f. CS, has higher dipole moment than OCS
1) (b) is correct option H–ô Bỡ–H :0: | H H-0=B=0-H О 2) N2 has nitrogen to nitrogen triple bond.(b) is correct option 3) (a) is correct option 0=c=0
4) (b) is correct option CS, has no dipole moment than OCS O
Nitrogen is a component of several significant industrial substances, including cyanides, organic nitrates (propellants and explosives), nitric acid, ammonia, and organic nitrates. Nitrogen chemistry is dominated by the incredibly powerful triple bond found in elemental nitrogen (NN), which is the second-strongest bond found in any diatomic molecule [5] behind carbon monoxide (CO). However, it also implies that burning, exploding, or decomposing nitrogen molecules to generate nitrogen gas releases significant amounts of frequently usable energy. This makes it difficult for both organisms and industry to transform N2 into useful chemicals. Nitrates from fertilisers are important contaminants in the eutrophication of water systems, and synthetically produced ammonia and nitrates are important industrial fertilisers.
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6.0 mol Al reacts with 4.0 mol O2 to
form Al2O3.
4A1+30₂ → 2Al₂O3
How many moles of Al2O3 form when
4.0 mol O2 reacts?
PLEASE HELP ASAP WORTH 20 POINTS
The actual amount of Al2O3 produced is 2.7 moles.
The element in the seventh group and the third period will have
Select one:
a.7 energy Levels and a valence of 3
b.3 energy levels and a valence of 7
c.7 energy levels and a valence of 5
d. 3 energy levels and a valence of 1
The element in the seventh group and the third period will have 7 energy Levels and a valence of 3. The element in 7th group and 3rd period is cobalt (Z = 27).
What is groups in periodic table?Groups in periodic table are vertical columns with elements having same number of valence electrons and similar chemical and physical properties. The valence of an element is the number of electrons that have to gained gained or lost from the element to achieve octet.
The element in 7th group and third period is cobalt with the atomic number of 27. The number of valence electrons is 9 in which 2 are in s electrons and 7 are in d orbital.
Therefore Co needs 3 more electrons to attain complete electronic configuration in d -orbital. Hence, there are 7 energy levels and valence of 3 for Co.
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What do Scope 3 emissions entail?
Scope 3 emission are the indirect emission which is not owned by the reporting organization. The organization indirectly affected by its value chain.
Scope 3 emissions for one organization are the scope 1 and 2 emissions of another organization. Scope 3 emissions also referred to as value chain emissions. It is often represent the majority of an organization’s total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The GHG Protocol defines 15 categories of scope 3 emissions though not every category will be relevant to all organizations. Scope 3 emission sources include emissions both upstream and downstream of the organization’s activities. Scope 1 is direct emission. scope 2 and scope 3 are indirect emission. The organization affects by the scope 3 emission indirectly.
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what product is formed when (ch3)2c═chch2coch2ch2cooch2ch3 is treated with h2 (2 equiv), pd―c?
(CH3)2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-CH2-COO-CH2-CH3 is formed when (CH3)2C═CHCH2COCH2CH2COOCH2CH3 is treated with H2 (2 equiv), Pd―C.
Palladium on carbon is used for catalytic hydrogenations in chemical synthesis. Examples include reductive amination, carbonyl reduction, nitro compound reduction, imine and Schiff base reduction, and debenzylation processes.
Palladium is a very selective metal for a wide range of hydrogenation reactions, including the selective reduction of a C=C double bond next to an aliphatic carbonyl. The Lindlar catalyst is a well-known example of increased palladium selectivity. Carbon atoms smash with a palladium atom, bringing them so close that chemical reactions are possible. The catalyst in "palladium-catalyzed cross coupling" is palladium. It "encourages" and "allows" individual carbon atoms to react.
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