The work done by tension force of 14N applied on the laptop by a rope as it moves 2.0 mm up the slope is 0.028 J
W = F d cos θ
W = Work done
F = Force
d = Displacement
θ = Angle between force and displacement vector
F = 14 N
d = 2 mm = 0.002 m
θ = 0
W = 14 * 0.002 * 1
W = 0.028 J
Work done is the change in energy of an object. So if an object moves a certain distance, work is done on the object. If the force and displacement are perpendicular to each other there is no work done on the object.
Therefore, the work done by tension on the laptop is 0.028 J
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When mixed together, oil and vinegar will eventually separate into an oil layer and a vinegar layer. Homemade mayonnaise is made from oil, vinegar, and egg yolks. Making mayonnaise does not require a chemical reaction, and the oil and vinegar do not separate into different layers. Identify what type of synthetic material mayonnaise is and predict the role of the egg yolks.
The type of synthetic material that mayonnaise can be is emulsion and the egg yolk acts as a stabilizer.
What is an emulsion?We know that there is a difference true and false solutions. A true solution is one in which we do not have the particles of the solute still visible in the solution after it has dissolved. However, in a false solution, the particles of the solute would still remain largely visible.
Now there are various kinds of false solutions and one of them is an emulsion. When we talk about an emulsion, we are talking about a situation where a liquid has been dispersed in a liquid.
In many cases, there is the need for a stabilizer which prevents the emulsion from separating into layers. In the absence of the stabilizer we would notice that the oil and vinegar will eventually separate into an oil layer and a vinegar layer.
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in the graph, why is the velocity positive at time 0.0 s? responses the mass is moving downward but not at the origin at 0.0
The positive velocity at 0.0 s on the graph is equal to the mass moving upward and at the origin in 0.0 s.
Velocity is a vector quantity that has both magnitude and direction. Velocity can be positive and negative. Velocity is positive if the direction of motion is up and negative if the direction of motion is down.
On a speed-time graph, a horizontal (flat) line indicates that the object is moving at a constant speed. The diagonal straight line shows the speed of the object changes.
This question is an of choice
The mass moves down and at the origin at 0.0 s.
The mass moves up and at the origin at 0.0 s.
The mass moves upward but not at the origin in 0.0 s.
The mass moves down but not at the origin in 0.0 s.
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A ski lift is used to transport people from the base of a hill to the top. If the lift leaves the base at a velocity of 15. 5 m/s and arrives at the top with a final velocity of 0 m/s, what is the height of the hill? round the answer to the nearest tenth. M.
The heigh of the hill is 12.26m that is calculated from the law of conservation of energy.
What is conservation of energy?In physics, the law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant ; it is said to be conserved over time.
How to calculate the height of the hill using the law of conservation of energy?
The height of the hill can be calculated from the law of conservation of energy as initial velocity (kinetic energy) transforms into potential energy (height).
KE = U
Where,
KE = kinetic energy = 1/2 * mv^2
U = potential energy = mgh
So
1/2 * mv^2 = mgh
h = 1/2 * (v^2)/g
h = 1/2 * 15.5^2/9.8
h = 12.26m (rounded to the nearest tenth)
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A Review Constants Part A In (Figure 1) what magnitude force provides 9.0 Nm net torque about the axle? Express your answer with the appropriate units. ? μΑ Figure < 1 of 1 F= Value N 10 cm Submit Request Answer the 수 Provide Feedback Next > 10 cm F
0.09 Nm is net torque about the axle
F=9 N
r=10 cm= 0.01 m
Torque= rF
Torque=9×0.01
Torque=0.09 Nm
In physics, torque, which is also known as the moment of a force, is the propensity of a force to rotate the body to which it is applied. According to the rotational axis, the torque is determined by multiplying the force component's magnitude in the plane perpendicular to the axis by the shortest distance between the axis and the force component's direction. The force vector may always be located in a plane parallel to the axis, regardless of its orientation in space. In SI units, torque is expressed in newton meters.
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a given convex lens has a focal length that varies slightly with the wavelength of the light passing through it. when the a lens is used as the objective of a telescope, this results in
A given convex lens has a focal length that varies slightly with the wavelength of the light passing through it. when the a lens is used as the objective of a telescope, this results in chromatic aberration.
Chromatic aberration is a phenomenon in which light rays passing through a focus of lens at different points, depending on their wavelength. It is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is also called chromatic distortion and spherochromatism. The focal length of the lens varies directly with the wavelength of the light so focal length increases with wavelength but decreases with refractive index as wavelength is inversely related to it. This is the principal cause of chromatic aberration phenomena.
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a small insect viewed through a convex lens is 2.5 cm from the lens and appears 2.5 times larger than its actual size. part a what is the focal length of the lens? express your answer using two significant figures. f
The lens' focal length is 1.5 cm, and its focal length is equal to half its radius of curvature, as shown by the formula f=R2 f = R 2, where f seems to be the focal length as well as R is indeed the radius of curvature.
What does focal length mean?When a lens is focussed at infinity, the focal length of the lens is discovered. We can determine the angle of view, or the amount of the scene will be caught, and the magnification, or how big the individual elements will be, by measuring the focal length of the lens. A narrower field of view and a higher magnification result from a longer focal length.
How do focal length or wavelength work?As wavelength and refractive index are inversely connected, the focal length of a lens varies inversely with each of them. The focal length of a lens varies directly with wavelength of light employed. The main reason chromatic aberration occurs is due to this. No relationship exists between the focal length and the frequency of a light.
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5.33 stopping distance. (a) if the coefficient of kinetic friction between tires and dry pavement is 0.80, what is the shortest distance in which you can stop an automobile by locking the brakes when traveling at 28.7 m/s ?
kinetic friction between tires and dry pavement is 0.80 then u = 16.26 m/s is the shortest distance in which you can stop an automobile by locking the brakes when traveling at 28.7 m/s.
μk = 0.80, intial speed u=28.7.m/s final velocity v=0
by applying newton's law to the body
-μk mg = ma
a = -μk g = - 7.84 m/s^2
from v^2 - u^2 = 2as
s = v^2 - u^2 /2a = 54 m
2).μk = 0.25 , s = 54 m ,v=0 , intial speed u =?
a = -μk g = -2.45 m/s^2
v^2 - u^2 = 2as
u^2 = 2*2.45 *54
we get u = 16.26 m/s
In most cases, kinetic friction is less intense than the amount of force required to overcome static friction. When an object is already moving, kinetic friction occurs. A force must be applied to an object that precisely balances the force from kinetic friction in order to maintain that object's motion at a constant speed.
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what is the moment of inertia if you twirl a large ring around your finger, so that in essence it rotates about a point on the ring, about an axis parallel to the symmetry axis?
The moment of inertia of large ring is 2MR².
What is inertia?
Inertia is the propensity of a body to resist any alteration to its state of regular motion or of rest.
Given that,
Mass of ring = M
Radius of ring = R
Therefore, moment of inertia of ring = MR²
as we need to calculate the moment of inertia of large ring
Therefore, we need to use the formula of moment of inertia
I = I + MR²
Where I = moment of inertia at centre of mass
As we said,
Mass of ring = M
Radius of ring = R
By puting the value of above into the formula, we get
I = MR² + MR²
I = 2MR²
Therefore, The moment of inertia of large ring is 2MR².
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The moment of inertia of large ring is 2MR².
What is inertia?
Inertia is the propensity of a body to resist any alteration to its state of regular motion or of rest.
Given that,
Mass of ring = M
Radius of ring = R
Therefore, moment of inertia of ring = MR²
as we need to calculate the moment of inertia of large ring
Therefore, we need to use the formula of moment of inertia
I = I + MR²
Where I = moment of inertia at centre of mass
As we said,
Mass of ring = M
Radius of ring = R
By puting the value of above into the formula, we get
I = MR² + MR²
I = 2MR²
Therefore, The moment of inertia of large ring is 2MR².
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using the terms liquid, vapor, and liquid-vapor mixture, describe the condition of the refrigerant at the following points of the cycle: 1. entering evaporator 2. leaving evaporator 3. entering compressor 4. leaving compressor 5. entering condenser 6. leaving condenser, entering receiver
These are the condition of the refrigerant at the following points of the refrigeration cycle:
Entering evaporator: liquid-vapor mixtureLeaving evaporator: vaporEntering compressor: vapor (low-pressure)Leaving compressor: vapor (high-pressure)Entering condenser: liquid-vapor mixture (starts as vapor)Leaving condenser: liquidA vapor compression refrigeration system is a system consisting of circulating refrigerant through stages of a closed system to create a cold environment that's conducive to preserving and storing products.
There are several parts in a refrigeration system that can change the condition of refrigerant during certain points of the cycle.
Evaporator is a part that turns the liquid form of refrigerant into its gaseous-form (vapor). Compressor is a part that compresses the refrigerant to a higher-pressure.Condenser is a part that condense the gaseous-form of refrigerant into a liquid state through cooling process.Learn more about CFC at https://brainly.com/question/28245894
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As a baseball is being caught, its speed goes from 30.0 m/s to 0.0 m/s in about 0.0050 s. The mass of the baseball is 0.145 kg.
What is the baseball's acceleration?
What are the magnitude and the direction of the force acting on it?
What are the magnitude and direction of the force acting on the player who caught it?
Answer: Force = 870 N
Explanation:
acceleration = a = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time elapsed
a = (0-30)/.005 = -6000 m/s2 (negative sign means the ball is slowing down)
Force = F = mass x acceleration = ma
F = (0.145 kg)(6000 m/s2) = 870 N away from the player throwing the ball
The magnitude of the force on the player catching the ball is equal, 870N. The mitt acts on the ball with an equal and opposite force (Newton's 3rd Law of Motion)
what is the average flow rate in cm3/s of gasoline to the engine of a car traveling at 103 km/h if it averages 10.5 km/l?
An automobile going at 103 km/h with an average fuel consumption of 10.5 km/l would have a gasoline flow rate to the engine of 1.03 cm3/s.
What kind of engine is now in a car?Internal combustion engines are found in cars. Internal combustion engines are available in a variety of forms. Gas turbine engines are a different kind from diesel engines. The four-cylinder, boxer-four, straight-six, V6, and V8 engines—the most popular ones—each have advantages and disadvantages of their own.
What do motorized vehicles go by?Vehicles with standard internal combustion engines are known as "internal combustion engine vehicles" (ICEVs) (ICE). With the aid of an oxidizer, the fuel used in ICEV burns inside a combustion chamber (typically oxygen from the air). In other words, ICEVs actually burn fuel to generate electricity.
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Find fmin f m i n , the constant force with the least magnitude that must be applied to the board in order to pull the board out from under the the box (which will then fall off of the opposite end of the board).
F(min) = μsg(m1+m2) the constant force with the least magnitude that must be applied to the board in order to pull the board out from under the the box.
What is magnitude?In physics, size is simply defined as magnitude. It represents the absolute or relative direction or magnitude that an object is moving in the sense of motion. Used to describe the size or extent of something.In physics, size generally refers to distance or quantity. Simply put, quantities are quantities of quantities.For example, the magnitude of an earthquake measured on the Richter scale typically varies between 1 and 10, representing the magnitude of the earthquake. A magnitude 8 earthquake is much more severe than a magnitude 3 earthquake. A force magnitude is a number that expresses the strength of a force. for example: Assume a force of 10 N to the east."East" represents the direction, and "10" represents the strength of the force. A quantity is therefore basically a "value" or "amount" of a physical quantity.To learn more about magnitude from the given link :
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a major league pitcher can throw a baseball in excess of 46.0 m/s. if a ball is thrown horizontally at this speed, how much will it drop by the time it reaches the catcher who is 16.7 m away from the point of release?
Answer:
The ball's vertical displacement 0.64 m
Explanation:
Given:
V₀ = 46.0 m
D = 16.7 m
g = 9.8 m/s²
____________
ΔH - ?
Time:
t = D / V₀ = 16.7 / 46.0 ≈ 0.36 s
Vertical displacement:
ΔH = g·t² / 2
ΔH = 9.8·0.36² / 2 ≈ 0.64 m
if you were travelling outward from the earth in a space shuttle at an altitude of 68.9 km you would be in the
The virtually massless subatomic particle known as a neutrino seldom interacts with ordinary matter and travels through space at nearly the speed of light.
Although they can originate from a wide range of sources, the majority of neutrinos that travel through the Earth come from the Sun, which beams untold quantities of them our way every second. The vast majority of these neutrinos travel through the Earth and you and then emerge from the other side as if nothing ever happened. About 100 billion neutrinos from the Sun pass through your thumb each second to give you an idea of scale. If you extrapolate that to Earth, you end up with a lot of zeros.
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A 1000-kg car is moving at 30 m/s around a horizontal unbanked curve whose radius is 100 m. What is the magnitude of the friction force required to keep the car from sliding?.
The magnitude of the friction force required to keep the car from sliding is 13112 N.
Calculation:-
friction force = centripetal force
= mv^2 / R
= 1000*30^2 / (200/2)
= 9000 N
so option B) 9000 N is the correct answer
15) net force = mv^2 / R
= 250*(96.5*5/18)^2 / 13.7
= 13112 N = 1.31*10^4 N
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of sturdy surfaces, fluid layers, and material factors sliding towards each specific. There are numerous styles of friction Dry friction is a strain that opposes the relative lateral movement of two stable surfaces in touch.
Friction is the shape of contact pressure. It exists between the surfaces that are in touch. The frictional force relies upon the character of the floor in contact. The rougher the ground, the extra friction is involved. The frictional force is proportional to the urgent pressure, which is the burden of the body. it's miles impartial of the place of the touch.
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the density of a typical hippo's body is 1030 kg/m3, so it will sink in fresh water. part a what is the buoyant force on a submerged 1500 kg hippo? what is the buoyant force on a submerged 1500 hippo? 14,000 n 14,900 n 14,300 n 14,600 n
The buoyant force on the hippo is 14,300 N
The density of the hippo = 1030 kg/m³
The mass of the hippo = 1500 kg
The buoyant force on the submerged hippo can be found using the formula
F = ρ V g
where F is the buoyant force
ρ is the density of the water
V is the volume
g is the acceleration due to gravity
The volume dispersed can be found by
V = m / ρ
= 1500 / 1030
= 1.456
Now, let us substitute the known values in the above equation, we get
F = 1000 x 1.456 x 9.8
= 14,268.8 N
≈ 14,300 N
Therefore, the buoyant force is 14,300 N
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A 2 kg toy caramels at a speed of 5 m/s if a child applies a three new enforce for 2 m in the same direction the car is already moving how much work is done on the car
The work done on the car is equal to the force applied to the car multiplied by the distance over which that force is applied. In this case, the force is applied for 2 meters, so the work done is equal to 3 Newtons multiplied by 2 meters, or 6 Joules.
What is force?
A force is indeed an influence that can alter an object's motion in physics. An object with mass can change its velocity, or accelerate, as a result of a force. An intuitive way to describe force is as a push or even a pull. A force is a vector quantity because it has both direction and magnitude. It is calculated using the newton SI unit (N). Force is denoted by the letter F. (formerly P). The net force acting on an object seems to be equal to the rate that its momentum changes over time, according to Newton's second law in its original formulation. This law suggests that an object's acceleration is directly proportional to the total force acting on the object if the object's mass remains constant.
Work is defined as force multiplied by distance, so the work done on the car is (3 N)(2 m) = 6 Nm. Since 1 Nm = 1 J, the work done on the car is 6 J.
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Air initially occupying a volume of 1 m3 at 100 kPa, 20°C undergoe two internally reverible procee in erie. Proce 1-2: compreion to 500 kPa during which PV1. 2 = contant Proce 2-3: adiabatic expanion to 100 kPa (a) Determine the temperature at tate 2 and 3, in °C (b) Determine the net work, in kJ
(a) Temperature in state 2 = 26.153°C
Temperature in state 3 = 19.9°C
(b) Net work done = 0. 143 K J
What is ideal gas law ?The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state for a virtual ideal gas. But it has some limitations, but is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions.
V = 1 m³
P₁ = 100 KPa
T₁ = 20°C
For process 1-2:
P₂ = 500 kPa
PVˣ = constant (X = 1.2)
For process 2-3:
P₃ = 100 kPa
To determine temperature in state 2:
T₂/T₁ = P₂/P₁
T₂ = P₂/P₁ × T₁
T₂ = 20(500/100)
T₂ = 26.153°C
Since process 1-2 is poly-tropic system
Work done W₁₋₂ = (P₁V₁ - P₂V₂)/X - 1
= (mRT₁ - mRT₂)/(X - 1)
= mR(T₁ - T₂)/(1.2 - 1)
= mR (20 - 26.153)/(0.2)
To determine temperature in state 3:
T₃/T₂ = [tex](\frac{P_{3} }{P_{2} } )^{\frac{X-1}{X} }[/tex]
Now, substitute the values:
T₃ = 19.9°C
Work done W₂₋₃ = (P₂V₂ - P₃V₃)/X - 1
= (mRT₂ - mRT₃)/(X - 1)
= mR(T₂ - T₃)/(1.2 - 1)
= mR(26.153 - 19.9)/(0.2)
Net work done (Wₙ) = W₁₋₂ + W₂₋₃
mR (20 - 26.153)/(0.2) + mR(26.153 - 19.9)/(0.2)
Wₙ = 0. 143 K J
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50 kg object is sliding to the right and encounters a frictional force that slows it down. The coefficient of friction
tween the object is 0.15. Determine the acceleration of the object.
a.
0 m/s/s
c. 0.75 m/s/s
b. 7.5 m/s/s
d. 1.5 m/s/s
ONG
unters a friction force
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
Frictional force = Fn * coeff = 50 kg * 9.81 * .15 = 73.57
then F = ma
73.57 = 50 * a shows a = 1.5 m/s^2 ( de-celeration magnitude)
cables provide most of the support to keep a suspension bridge up. the elastic force of tension pulling u is 28,000 N and the force of gravity is 28,000 N down. find the net force
The net force to keep a suspension bridge up is zero, 0N.
An action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of the aforementioned elements is tension. Consider a rope. Aside from the ends, every portion of the rope experiences tension force in both directions. The attached weight exerts force and tension on one side of the ends. The tension of the string fluctuates under different conditions. The net force formula is provided by when the body is at rest.
The tension exerted on an item is determined by adding the products of its mass, acceleration, and gravitational force. It is denoted mathematically as follows:
T = mg + ma
Where,
T is tension
m is mass
a is acceleration
g is the acceleration due to gravity
Here,
T = 28000N
mg = 28000N
ma = T - mg
ma = 28000 - 28000
ma = 0N
The net force to keep a suspension bridge up is zero, 0N.
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A 1.5 Kg ball moves in a circle that is 0.4 m radius at a velocity of 5.40 m/s
Centripetal acceleration = v² / r = (5.40 m/s)² / (0.4 m) = 72.9 m/s²
What is the velocity (in m/s) of a 0.179kg billiard ball of its wavelength is 7.83cm
Answer: 472.556m⋅s−1
Explanation: λ=7.83cm=7.83⋅(1cm)=7.83⋅(1cm×0.01m1cm)=0.0783m
The number of objects that have been observed to be orbiting in the kuiper belt is approximately.
The hundreds of thousands of icy bodies larger than 100 km have been observed to be orbiting in the Kuiper belt is approximately.
What is Kuiper belt?
The region beyond Neptune known as the Kuiper Belt is made up of countless stellar objects orbiting the sun. Solid methane, ice, and ammonia make up belt objects. The belt's orbit deviates from the orbital plane and can be inclined by up to 19 degrees. Scientists searched for Planet X as a possible explanation for the origin of the belt.
What is orbit?
An orbital is a region where it is possible to estimate the likelihood of finding any electron, whereas an orbit is a fixed path that electrons follow around the atom's nucleus.
The Kuiper Belt is thought to contain a trillion comets or more and hundreds of thousands of icy bodies bigger than 100 km (62 miles).
Therefore, there may be hundreds of thousands of icy bodies larger than 100 km have been observed to be orbiting in the Kuiper belt is approximately.
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an electron is moving with a velocity of 4.3 x 106 m/s in a uniform magnetic field of strength 3.5 t. the velocity vector makes a 55o angle with the magnetic field. what is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the electron?
The magnetic force on the electron is 2 x 10^(-12) N
What is the magnitude of the magnetic force on the electron?
Magnetic force can be defined as the attraction or repulsion force that arises between electrically charged particles because of their motion.
The velocity of the electron is
v = 4.3 x 106 m/s
The strength of the uniform magnetic field is B = 3.5 T
The angle between the velocity of the electron and the magnetic field is 55 degrees.
Also, the charge on the electron is
e = 1.6 X 10 power minus 19 C
The magnetic force can be calculated as
F = Bev sin θ
Substituting the given values we can find the total magnetic force.
The magnetic force on the electron is 2 x 10^(-12) N
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you have a heavy piece of equipment hanging from a 1.0-mm-diameter wire. your supervisor asks that the length of the wire be doubled without changing how far the wire stretches. what diameter must the new wire have?
The new diameter must be 1.414 mm in order to double the length of the wire without changing how far the wire stretches. This is because the diameter of the new wire must be proportional to the square root of the length of the new wire.
What is the diameter?
The diameter of a circle is the distance along which the circumference begins at one end and ends at the other. Its length is twice that of the circle's radius. In those other words, the line that divides a circle in to the two equal parts and runs through its centre is the diameter of the circle. In this article, let's learn more about the definition and characteristics of diameter. Any straight segment that traverses a circle's centre and has its endpoints on its circumference is said to have a diameter of that circle. The diameter also is referred to as the circle's longest chord.
Hence, the diameter is 1.414 mm.
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A 2300-kg car slows down at a rate of 3. 0 m/s2 when approaching a stop sign. What is the magnitude of the net force causing it to slow down?.
A 2300-kg car slows down at a rate of 3. 0 m/s2 when approaching a stop sign. The magnitude of the net force causing it to slow down will be 6900 N
given
mass = 2300 kg
acceleration = 3 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]
force = mass * acceleration
= 2300 * 3 = 6900 N
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An object accelerates to a velocity of 230 m/s over a time of 2. 5 s. The acceleration it experienced was 42 m/s2. What was its initial velocity?.
An object accelerates to a velocity of 230 m/s over a time of 2. 5 s. The acceleration it experienced was 42 m/s2. Its initial velocity will be 125 m/s
final velocity = 230 m/s
time = 2.5 second
acceleration = 42 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]
initial velocity = ?
acceleration = final velocity - initial velocity / time
42 = (230 - u) / 2.5
u = 125 m/s
Its initial velocity will be 125 m/s
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How does the angle at which a ray of light strikes a pane of window glass compare with the angle at which it passes out the other side?.
The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. When a ray of light strikes a pane of window glass at a perpendicular angle, it passes through the glass and exits at a perpendicular angle on the other side.
However, if the ray of light strikes the glass at an angle, it is reflected off the surface of the glass at the same angle.The angle of incidence (angle at which a ray of light strikes a pane of window glass) is equal to the angle of refraction (angle at which it passes out the other side).
This is because when light hits a surface at an angle, it bounces off at the same angle. The angle of incidence is the angle between the ray of light and the perpendicular to the surface. The angle of refraction is the angle between the ray of light and the perpendicular to the surface.
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Corey, whose mass is 95 kg , stands on a bathroom scale in an elevator. The scale reads 890 n for the first 3. 0 s after the elevator starts to move, then 930 n for the next 3. 0 s.
The velocity of the elevator would be v₂ = 2.568 m/s
Given that,
mass of Corey = 95 Kg
reading of sale for first 3 s when elevator start to move = 890 N
scale reading for the next 3.0 s = 930 N
Gravitational force acting = F = m g
F = 95 x 9.8
F = 931 N
using Newton's second law, due to movement of elevator
F. = m a
W - N = m a₁
930- 890 = 95 x a₁
a₁ = 0.421 m/s²
Now,
velocity calculation
v₁ = a₁t
v₁ = 0.421 x 3 = 1.263 m/s
For second case
931 - 930 = 95 x a₂
a₂ = 0.011 m/s²
now, velocity after 4 s
v₂ = v₁ + a₂ t
v₂ = 2.557+ 0.011 x (4 - 3)
Because velocity after 3 seconds is calculated we need to calculate velocity after 4 s from beginning.
v₂ = 2.557 + 0.011
v₂ = 2.568 m/s
velocity of the elevator is equal to v₂ =2.568 m/s
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HELP ME ASPPP PLEASE do number 7 not 8 if u want to do 8 go ahead if you like
Sodium Hydroxide and water combination of should be used to built devices.
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), often known as caustic soda or lye, is a caustic white crystalline solid made up of the sodium cation (Na+) and the anion of hydrogen peroxide (OH). It rapidly takes in moisture and eventually disintegrates. The most used industrial alkali is sodium hydroxide, which is frequently used in oven and drain cleaners. The tissue of both plants and animals is severely corroded by it. When dissolved in water, it produces alkaline solutions that balance acids in a variety of industrial processes.
Sulfuric and organic acids are eliminated during the refinement of petroleum. It reacts with natural fats or oils, such tallow or vegetable oil, in the process of creating soap to form sodium fatty acid salt (soap) and glycerin (or glycerol); this saponification reaction is the fundamental step in the production of all soaps.
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