PTH may have anabolic effects in trabecular bone, whereas it stimulates bone resorption in cortical bone.
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) patients frequently experience vertebral fractures, and they appear to do so at greater BMD values than individuals with osteoporosis.Weaker bones as a result of greater calcium loss from them Increased bone resorption and renal calcium reabsorption are two mechanisms by which hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) raises serum calcium levels. The bones become weaker as a result of parathyroid hypersecretion.One or more of your parathyroid glands may become overactive and secrete an excessive amount of parathyroid hormone if you have hyperparathyroidism (PTH). This results in hypercalcemia, a condition where your blood calcium levels increase. A nonprofit academic medical center, Cleveland Clinic.
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What is the main difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Question
What is the main difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Responses
A Only eukaryotic cells have its genetic material surrounded by a membrane.Only eukaryotic cells have its genetic material surrounded by a membrane.
B Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.
C Prokaryotic cells have many organelles, each with their own specialization function.Prokaryotic cells have many organelles, each with their own specialization function.
D Eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane and a cell wall; prokaryotes have a membrane only.
Answer: The primary distinction between these two types of organisms is that eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not
Explanation:
The framework of microtubules that appears in cell division which eventually moves the chromatids apart is called the.
The framework of microtubules that appears in cell division which eventually moves the chromatids apart is called mitotic spindle.
What is mitotic spindle?Somatic cells divide during the process known as mitosis, which results in the production of two daughter cells that are exact clones of one another. Somatic cells include all cell types excluding reproductive cells. This comprises, among other things, brain, muscle, and skin cells. In addition to being essential for reproduction, mitosis is also essential for cell development and repair. The four distinct phases of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
During the prophase stage of mitosis, a crucial event known as the formation of mitotic spindles occurs. Centrioles, tiny cylinder organelles that assist in locating various cell components, are formed into fibres known as mitotic spindles.
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The spindle apparatus is a framework made of microtubules that forms during cell division and finally causes the chromatids to separate.
What framework, to which the chromatids will affix, is present?centromeres. that connects the two chromatids together (the daughter strands of a replicated chromosome). The mitotic spindle's microtubules anchor to the centromere, which serves as the kinetochore's site of attachment.
What is the name of the microtubule network that transports chromatids to opposing poles of a cell during mitosis?Spindle fibers are specialized microtubule elements that control how chromatids and chromosomes move during mitosis. Most cells have microtubules that radiate from a microtubule-organizing core.
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Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except ______. a. DNA synthesis b. muscle contraction c. blood clotting d. exocytosis e. communication
Calcium plays an essential role in all of the following except DNA.
Calcium is a mineral most usually related to healthful bones and teeth, even though it additionally performs an crucial function in blood clotting, supporting muscle tissues to contract, and regulating everyday coronary heart rhythms and nerve functions.
Two calcium-regulating hormones play an crucial function in generating healthful bone: 1) parathyroid hormone or PTH, which keeps the extent of calcium and stimulates each resorption and formation of bone; 2) calcitriol, the hormone derived from diet D, which stimulates the intestines to soak up sufficient calcium.
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Is the Sour Patch cereal a healthy option for all people? Explain your answer. What other options could be used if this cereal is not a healthy option?
chronological transitions help the listener understand the time relationship between the first main point and the one that follows.
Chronological order is also utilized in speech as explaining a technique or demonstrating a way to do something. a method of speech enterprise in which the primary factors follow a directional sample.
Chronological order is the order in which the events occurred, from first to last. that is the very best sample to write and observe. example: It was regarded as a normal day when she was given up that morning, however, Lynda was approximately to embark at the worst. day of her existence.
The rehearsal dinner might be on Friday night time. in a while, we are hoping that many of the visitors will assist to ease the vicinity for the day after today's wedding. explanation: In these sentences, the transition "afterward" highlights a chronology of occasions (first the dinner, then the cleaning).
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What is the main energy conversion during digestion? a Electrical Energy to Radiant Energy b Chemical Energy to Chemical Energy c Thermal ( Heat ) Energy to Positive Energy d Chemical Energy to Thermal Energy
The main energy conversion which is established during the digestion of food substances is:
chemical energy to thermal and mechanical energy.
The correct answer choice is option e.
How chemical energy involved during digestion of food substances?Digestion can simply be defined as the process whereby food substances are being broken down into simple particles so it can be easily digested and absorbed by the body system.
However, the food we eat or consume consists majorly of chemical energy which after its consumption can simply be converted into different forms such as thermal energy and then to mechanical energy.
In conclusion, it can be deduced that when we digest food substances, the chemical energy in it is converted to other energy forms.
Complete question:
What is the main energy conversion during digestion?
a. Electrical Energy to Radiant Energy
b. Chemical Energy to Chemical Energy
c. Thermal ( Heat ) Energy to Positive Energy
d. Chemical Energy to Thermal Energy
e. chemical energy to thermal and mechanical energy.
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Blood type is a good example of
O multiple alleles © a polygenic trait
environmental influence on gene
expression
© a sex-linked trait
Answer:
Multiple alleles
Explanation:
An example of multiple alleles is the ABO blood group system in humans. Human gene I (isohaemagglutinin) exists in three allelic forms: Iᴬ, Iᴮ, and i. Iᴬ and Iᴮ produce type A and type B whereas i which is a recessive allele does not produce antigen. Therefore, blood type exists as four possible phenotypes: A, B, AB, & O.
true or false If a space ship traveling at 1000 miles per hour enters an area free of gravitational forces, its engine must run at some minimum level in order to maintain the ships velocity.
Answer:
false
Explanation:
trust me G
a protozoan called trypanosoma brucei, carried by the tsetse fly, causes african sleeping sickness. one variable surface glycoprotein (vsg), or surface coat protein, dominates the trypanosome surface. the trypanosome genome encodes over 1000 different versions of vsgs. all of the cells in an initial infection feature the same vsg coat on their surfaces, and the immune system readily recognizes this protein as foreign. however, an individual trypanosome cell in the broader population will switch and randomly begin expressing a different variant of the vsg coat. all the descendants of that cell will have the new and different protein on their surface. as the population with the second vsg coat increases, an individual cell will then switch to a third vsg coat, and so on. how does expressing a different vsg allow t. brucei to evade the immune system?
VSG can allow t. brucei to evade the immune system in two different ways:
Preventing immune system (innate/acquired) components from accessing invariant proteins on its surface and protecting parasites in the blood from complement system elimination.
Defenses of the host escaping
The innate system (low specificity) and the adaptive response are the two immune response mechanisms available to mammals (antigen-specific).
Avoiding a natural reaction
The initial line of defense against trypanosomes for animals is their innate immune system. Two serum human complexes known as trypanosome lytic factor, which contain apolipoprotein L1 and are endocytosed by the haptoglobinhemoglobin parasite surface receptor, can kill T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense. Both parasites produce certain proteins that offer them resilience to avoid being destroyed by APOL1.
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PLEASE HELP ASAP ON THE JUSTIFY THE ANSWER NET FREE WATER MOVEMENT PART!!!!
I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST TO BEST ANSWERR!!!!
Explanation:
It's beneficial to cerebral injured
1) osmotic and vasoregulatory - by promoting the flow of excess water from cerebral tissue to the blood via osmosis and decreasing edema in the vascular endothelium of injured tissues, thus lowering vascular resistance and allowing more blood flow;
2) hemodymanic - by effectively expanding plasma volume;
3) immunomodulatory - by preventing leukocytes from becoming activated and adhering to injured neurons and;
4) neurochemical - by counteracting detrimental excitatory amino acids through the normalization of neuronal cell membranes and by restoration of normal electrolyte and neurotransmitter levels in brain cells, and normal cell volumes.
According to the chart given below is It's beneficial to cerebral has been injured and osmotic and vasoregulatory by promoting the flow of excess water from cerebral tissue to the blood via osmosis.
What helps in lowering vascular resistance?Decreasing the edema in the vascular endothelium of the injured tissues, thus the lowering vascular resistance and just allowing more blood flow and hemodymanic by them effectively expanding the plasma volume immunomodulatory by preventing leukocytes from becoming activated state.
Adhering to the injured neurons and the neuro chemical by counteracting detrimental excitatory amino acids through the normalization of the neuronal cell membranes and by the restoration of the normal electrolyte and neurotransmitter levels in brain cells, and normal cell volumes.
Therefore, According to the chart given below is It's beneficial to cerebral has been injured and osmotic and vasoregulatory by promoting the flow of excess water from cerebral tissue to the blood via osmosis.
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Question 1(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points)
(03.08 MC)
A scientist trying to amplify the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from a sample of jellyfish DNA would primarily use which technology to separate the GFP gene from the rest of the DNA?
Polymerase chain reaction
Gel electrophoresis
Artificial selection
Genetic engineering
Artificial selection is the approach used by a scientist trying to amplify the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from a sample of jellyfish DNA to separate the GFP gene from the rest of the DNA.
Artificial selection refers to the human recognition of desirable qualities in plants and animals as well as the actions taken to strengthen and maintain such traits in succeeding generations. Artificial selection operates in a similar manner to natural selection, with the exception that in natural selection, these judgments are made by nature without human intervention.
In an evolutionary process known as artificial selection, humans actively choose which traits in organisms to preserve in their offspring or selectively breed from one generation to the next. For thousands of years, people have artificially selected plants and animals.
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PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer:
C. Soil
Explanation:
I'm pretty smart
What are 3 applications of the human genome project?
Molecular medicine, waste management, environmental cleanup, biotechnology, energy sources, risk assessment, and DNA forensics are among the various sectors where the human genome project is applied (Identification).
What is human genome project?
The Human Genome Project was a significant, collaborative, international undertaking that resulted in the first-ever mapping and sequencing of the human genome. conducted between 1990 and 2003
Applications of human genome project:
(a) Molecular Medicine: Genetic testing will allow for quick and accurate diagnostic procedures, making it possible to cure a wide range of illnesses. Heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are among the conditions for which vulnerability can be identified.
(b) Biotechnology: By the year 2000, it is anticipated that sales of biotechnology items will be quite high in the United States. Large firms have increased their investment as a result of the HGP's encouragement of innovative biotechnology.
(c) DNA Forensics (Identification): Forensic experts use 13 DNA regions, or loci, that differ from person to person to identify individuals. They then use the information to develop a DNA profile of that person (sometimes called a DNA fingerprint).
Hence, Human genome projects holds various advantages in the biological field
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natural systems involve ________ with complex interactions.
Answer: many variables
Explanation:
sort the following layers of the integumentary system so that the most superficial is on top and the deepest is on the bottom.
1. living epithelial cells
2. dead epithelial cells
3. subcutaneous layer
4. papillary layer
5. reticular layer
The following layers of the integumentary system so that the most superficial is on top and the deepest is on the bottom . papillary layer.
integumentary system is your body's outer layer. it is made from your skin, nails, hair and the glands and nerves on your pores and skin. Your integumentary gadget acts as a bodily barrier — shielding your frame from bacteria, contamination, harm and sunlight
Accessory structures of the skin consist of hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. those systems embryologically originate from the epidermis and may amplify down through the dermis into the hypodermis.
Your integumentary gadget protects your frame from contamination and accidents you could get out of your external environment. it's your body's coat of armor and the primary line of protection towards viruses, micro organism and other microbes. It shields your body from dangerous mild and helps adjust your body temperature.
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Which of the following would NOT be a waste product generated by the action of bacteria in the large intestine?
ammonia
uric acid
hydrogen sulfide
indole and skatole
Uric acid would not be a waste product generated by the action of bacteria in the large intestine.
Uric acid is a waste product found in blood. It's created when the body breaks down chemicals called purines. Uric acid gets dissolves in the blood, passes through the kidneys and leaves the body in urine. Hence they are not waste product from the large intestine.
Kidneys excrete uric acid as a waste product. The kidneys are responsible for excreting two-thirds of the uric acid produced daily out of which one third is excreted in the stool and urine.
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What is a gene and an example?
The fundamental structural and operational component of heredity is a gene. DNA is the component of genes. Example - CFTR.
What are the functions of a gene?Some genes serve as blueprints for the synthesis of proteins. Many genes do not, however, code for proteins. A few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases make up a gene in a human. Humans are thought to have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes, according to the Human Genome Project, an international research project that aimed to decipher the human genome's sequence and catalogue its genes. Every gene is present in two copies, one from each parent, in every individual. Less than 1% of all genes are slightly varied between individuals, but the majority of genes are the same in all people. Alleles are variations of the same gene with minor variations in the DNA base sequence. Each person's distinctive physical characteristics are influenced by these subtle variations.
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Using a total of only five organs, design a digestive system that can absorb the maximum number of calories from the apple.
Digestion is a process in which breakdown of food molecules occurs, which provide nutrients to the body.
Digestion of an apple
The organs included in the digestion of an apple are :
Mouth: The apple cut down into smaller pieces by teeth. The saliva present in the mouth breakdown the starch present in the apple.
Stomach: The stomach contain digestive juices like hydrochloric acid and other gastric juices. These juices mix with the apple.
Duodenum : In duodenum, the breakdown of starch molecule happens.
Ileum : Small finger like structure present in the organ called villi, which absorb sugar particles and vitamins and minerals present in the apple.
Colon : The undigested waste travels through the colon and goes to another organ that is rectum.
Rectum : The indigestive waste material went out from the body through rectum.
These are the organs which can absorb the maximum number of Calories from the apple.
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Psychology 201- PLEASE HELP
Which statement describes a contribution of social-cognitive theories of personality?
a) Social-cognitive theories emphasized the separation of the individual and the environment.
b) Social-cognitive theories were grounded in case study research.
c) Social-cognitive theories realized humans are agents altering their environment.
d) Social-cognitive theorists developed the field of positive psychology.
Social-cognitive theories realized humans are agents altering their environment describes a contribution of social-cognitive theories of personality. Thus option C is correct.
What is social-cognitive theory ?
Social-cognitive Theory is defined as the theory where the impact of individual events, the actions and environmental features occur on individual health behaviors.
This theory used in several sectors like it is used in psychology, education, and communication, holds that parts of an individual's knowledge events, and outside media impacts.
Social Cognitive Theory promotes social support via Teaching expectations, Self-efficacy, and Employing observational learning etc.
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If a scientist is monitoring cytokinesis in a cell, then the scientist must be witnessing(1 point).
Anaphase must be being observed if a scientist is keeping track of cytokinesis in a cell.
What precisely is cytokinesis?Through a procedure known as cytokinesis, a cell physically divides into two daughter cells. In mammalian cells, it takes place concurrently with the nuclear division processes known as mitosis and meiosis.
What does meiosis' anaphase entail?Homologous chromosomal separation triggers the start of anaphase I. Nucleoli reappearance and reformation of the nuclear envelope. The centrosomes begin to detach, the chromosomes coil up, and the nuclear membrane begins to degrade. Sister chromatids align with the cell's equator, and spindle fibers grow as a result.
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Which of the following microorganisms are NOT used in biotechnology as such? A. Bacteria B. Fungi C. Viruses D. Protozoans
[tex]{ \tt{option \: (d)}} \: { \red{protozoans}}[/tex]
Explanation:-
New organisms in biotechnology offer the possibility to detect novel products. It's good. But the role of protozoa in biotechnology has largely been ignored. We know that protozoa play important roles in treatment of com- munal and industrial wastewaters and some as parasites of man.
A gene that controls betacarotene production has been successfully inserted into a common food crop. Name the technique used to do this. Give the full name, not the abbreviation.
Answer:
The technique that is used in inserting a gene into a crop is genetic modification.
What is genetic modified crop?
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is a living organism whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
Humans have used breeding methods to modify organisms for thousands of years. Over generations, corn, cattle, and even dogs have been selectively bred to have certain desired traits.
The majority of GMO crops grown today were developed to assist farmers in preventing crop and food loss and controlling weeds.
The following are the most common traits found in GMO crops: Resistance to certain harmful insects, and Tolerance to certain weed-controlling herbicides.
Thus, with the help of genetic modification, a gene that controls beta-carotene production can be successfully inserted into a common food crop.
How are plants and animals(including us) dependent on each other in terms of respiration & gas exchange?explain using details of how photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration work together in order to maintain balance.
Animals breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide during the respiration process. In contrast, plants use this carbon dioxide gas to make food and release oxygen into the atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis?
Green plants and certain other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy through a process called photosynthesis. Light energy is gathered and utilized during photosynthesis in green plants to change water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen- and energy-rich organic molecules.
What is aerobic cellular respiration?
Food glucose is converted into energy during an aerobic respiration, a biological process that takes place with the presence of oxygen. the following is the chemical formula for aerobic respiration:Oxygen 6(O2) + Carbon 6(CO2) + Water 6 (H2O) + Energy = Glucose (C6H12O6) (ATP)The chemical equation above states that energy is released by breaking glucose molecules with the aid of oxygen gas. As the by-products or final products of the chemical reaction, energy, water molecules, and carbon dioxide gas are released.The breakdown of the glucose molecule releases 2900 kJ of energy, which is then used to create ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, molecules that the body uses for a variety of functions.All multicellular organisms, including animals, plants, and other living things, engage in an aerobic respiration process.The stomata, which are located in the epidermis of a plant's leaves and stem, allow oxygen gas to enter plant cells during the respiration process in plants. All green plants produce their food and release energy through the process of photosynthesis.Thus, we can conclude that animals and plants cooperate to exchange gases in the atmosphere.
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In which of these disorders does the build-up of oil, bacteria, and dead skin cells block openings to the sebaceous glands or hair follicles?.
Acne is a skin condition that appears when the oil and dead skin cells in your hair follicles clog them.
Indicate acne.The whiteheads, blackheads, or pimples are the results. Teenagers are most frequently affected by acne, but anyone can get it at any age.
Even with successful treatments, acne can still linger. Another one seems to come out of nowhere just as the first lump or pimple starts to fade.
Depending on how terrible it is, acne can leave skin scars and create emotional distress. Your likelihood of developing these issues will be reduced the earlier you begin therapy.
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the long-looped nephrons of animals adapted to survive with minimal water consumption, such as desert rats, have relatively longer loops of henle than humans have. of what benefit would these longer loops be? group of answer choices
The advantage of longer Henle's loop in desert animals over the shorter Henle's loop in humans is that longer loop provides greater absorption of minerals such as sodium ions, calcium ions or other ions needed for the body and restricts loss of water.
The metabolism of animals found in dry or arid regions is so designed that they can live with ease. The Henle's loop of desert animals allows greater absorption of water and thus loss of water is minimized due to the extremely concentrated urine. This limits the water needed for their survival. This allows more water to be resent back for hormonal circulation in the body. The major function of Henle's loop is to reabsorb water and sodium chloride ions which are released out by the kidney functions.
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what is the most important biological contributions of the porifera?
Porifera are important for their roles in ecology, medicine, and commercial products, but they are also important for helping scientists come up with theories about who or what the last common ancestor of all animals might have been.
The amount of bacteria and particles that can be removed from water by sponges is up to 95%, and they can also remove 90% of the dissolved organic carbon. This allows other creatures to feed on the suspended particles and dissolved materials. The diet may contain up to 97% dissolved materials. Sponges are multicellular, heterotrophic parazoan organisms that have a distinctive feeding mechanism compared to other animals. They are the most basic animal kinds that exist, with a cell-based organization in which various cells perform various functions but do not form tissues. The phylum of sponges (Porifera) is primarily marine and includes organisms that live from the intertidal to the abyssal (deepest ocean) zone. Around 8500 identified species of sponge exist in the globe, and they play a significant part in many reef coral groups.
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A number of significant dramas such as The Normal Heart, The Baltimore Waltz, and Angels in America were spurred by the ______ crisis.
A number of significant dramas such as The Normal Heart, The Baltimore Waltz, and Angels in America were spurred by the AIDS crisis.
What led to the AIDS epidemic in the US?Investigators initially believed the issue was most likely caused by an infectious disease that might be spread through sex, however some hypothesized that recreational drugs or other environmental variables could also be to blame.
When did the US experience the AIDS crisis?In the United States (U.S.), the first cases of what would later be known as AIDS were recorded in June 1981. In the United States, there are currently more than 1.2 million people living with HIV, and more than 35,000 new infections occur year.
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suppose a person who is homozygous for no ear lobes reproduces with a person who is homozygous for ear lobes. what percentage of their offspring will have the ee genotype?
50% of the progeny is going to have the Ee genotype after both people mate.
Let us take the genotype for having no ear lobes be e.
Similarly, the genotype for having ear lobes is going to be E.
This means that whoever is homozygous for no ear lobes will have the genotype ee.
Whoever is homozygous for ear lobes will have the EE genotype.
After a person with the ee genotype mates with a person having the EE genotype, their offspring will have the genotypes - (EE, Ee, Ee, ee)
From this, we can conclude that 50% of the progeny is going to have the Ee genotype.
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After being cut in half in part a, the organ pipe is closed off at one end. What is the new fundamental frequency?.
An open organ pipe's fundamental frequency is 300 Hz.
What is first overtone class 11 of the fundamental frequency?The fundamental frequency is the lowest resonant frequency, and it is frequently indicated by the letter f1. Any resonant frequency over the fundamental tone or basic frequency is referred to as an overtone. The overtone series is a list of successive overtones for a specific object.
What does the term "fundamental frequency" mean?The fundamental frequency, or simply the fundamental, is the lowest frequency present in a periodic waveform. The fundamental is the term used to describe the musical pitch of a note that is perceived as the lowest partial present in music.
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HELP 35 points
Does
nondisjunction during
meiosis produce any
normal gametes? Explain.
Nondisjunction occurs when homologous chromosomes fail to properly separate during meiosis. As a result, gametes that have more or fewer chromosomes than typical ones are produced. As a result, the person may grow a trisomic or monosomal syndrome.
Nondisjunction is the name for the meiotic phenomenon of uneven separation. When a haploid gamete with a missing chromosome experiences nondisjunction, the haploid gamete will produce a diploid zygote with only one copy of the missing chromosome from the other parent, a situation known as monosomy.
Nondisjunction can happen during meiosis I or II, with varying outcomes. Two gametes will be produced—one with the missing chromosome and one with two copies—of homologous chromosomes that fail to split during meiosis I.
So, it is safe to conclude that Nondisjunction happens when homologous chromosomes are not properly separated during meiosis.
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