The smooth black guinea pig genotype is rr, BB. The correct option is d.
What is genotype?Genotype usually refers as the genetic makeup of an organism. In other words, it represents the entire gene pool of an organism. The term can also be used to refer to alleles or variants of genes carried by an organism in a more specific sense. The letter R stands for the recessive smooth coat allele and the uppercase R stands for the dominant rough coat allele. The genotypes that may result from mating heterozygous (Rr) and homozygous (aa) guinea pigs are Rr and rr.
Each genotype has a 50% chance of generational occurrence. However, the presence of her nine smooth-haired offspring from both heterozygous (Rr) and homozygous (rr) parents suggested a low frequency of chromosomal recombination in this cross.
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The complete question is as follows:
In guinea pigs, an allele for rough fur (R) is dominant over an allele for smooth fur (r), and an allele for black coat (B) is dominant over an allele for white fur (b). What would be the genotype of a guinea pig with smooth black fur?
RR, BB
Rr, Bb
rr, bb
rr, BB
The signature animal morphological feature called the __________ is found in rotifers and aids in feeding.
Answer:
corona (a cluster of cilia)
The signature animal morphological feature called the corona is found in rotifers and aids in feeding.
Explanation:
How does a normal cell become a cancerous cell?
It is common for cells with mutations in these genes to also have mutations in other genes and chromosomal abnormalities including duplications and deletions of chromosomal segments.
Normal body cells possess a variety of significant characteristics. People can:
Reproduce when and where it is necessary, stick together in the appropriate location within the body, and eventually become specialized. This indicates that they have a specific function to carry out, such as that of a muscle cell or red blood cell.What is cancer?
Cancer is a condition when a few of the body's cells grow out of control and spread to other bodily regions.
Since genes that determine how our cells behave, particularly how they grow and divide, are altered, cancer is a genetic disease.
Cancer-causing genetic alterations can occur because:
of mistakes that happen when cells divide.of DNA deterioration brought on by unfavorable environmental elements including the toxins in tobacco smoke and the sun's UV radiation. they were handed down to us by our parents.This is how a normal cell become a cancerous cell.
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A scientist is examining a pedigree that includes several generations of an organism with XX/XY chromosome sex determination.
Which pattern of inheritance would support the hypothesis that the trait being studied is a recessive sex-linked trait found on the X chromosome?
B
A. The trait is only expressed in males who have a father with the trait. The trait is expressed in half of the female organisms and all of the
male organisms.
C. The trait is mostly expressed in males who have a maternal grandfather with
the trait.
D.
The trait is mostly expressed in females who have a paternal grandmother with the trait.
Answer:
C. The trait is mostly expressed in males who have a maternal grandfather with the trait.
Explanation:
A pedigree chart displays a family tree and shows the members of the family who are affected by a genetic trait.
HELP- Which of the following explains how the economic value of forest ecosystems is measured?
O by measuring the total value of recreation money made from forests
O by measuring the total value of raw materials taken directly from forests
O by measuring the total value of services and goods that are taken from forests
O by measuring the total value of products made from items exported from forests
Economic value of forest ecosystem can be measured by measuring the total value of services and goods that are taken from forests
What is the economic value?
Humanity gains greatly from forests in both the economic and social spheres. These include investments in the forest sector as well as contributions to the larger economy, such as through jobs, the processing and trading of forest products and energy. They also involve hosting and safeguarding natural areas with significant cultural, spiritual, or recreational value. Sustainable forest management includes preserving and improving these functions.Economic functions of forests:
Price of removed wood and non-wood forest productsEmployment in forestryOwnership of woodlandforests with designated social service areas.Benefits of forest ecosystem:
Trees enhance aesthetics and enhance health.Trees help clean the air.The atmospheric greenhouse effect is fought by trees.Trees prevent soil erosion and conserve water.Trees reduce energy use.Local climate is impacted by trees.Economic stability is increased by trees.Having trees around quiets the city.Therefore by measuring total value of goods and services we can measure the economic value of forests
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What two significant proteins of the muscles are involved in the contraction and relaxation of your muscles?.
Muscle contraction as a consequence outcomes from an interplay between the actin and myosin filaments that generates their motion relative to each other. The molecular basis for this interplay is the binding of myosin to actin filaments, permitting myosin to function as a motor that drives filament sliding.
Muscle contraction and relaxation are managed via the intrafiber unfastened Ca++ attention, [Ca++]i, within the myoplasm which bathes the muscle filaments of the sarcomeres. In turn, the [Ca++]i is managed with the aid of a community of membranes which alter and coordinate the technique in time and area.
Muscles incorporate fibers referred to as myosin. depending on the way you need to apply your muscles, the myosin fibers either tighten up and shorten or lighten up and stretch out. Myosin is also answerable for muscle contractions like your heartbeat that occurs at regular periods.
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effector molecule binding changes the behavior of enzymes by altering the equilibrium between the tense (t) state and the relaxed (r) state. effectors are classified as either homotropic or heterotropic. match each description with homotropic effectors, heterotropic effectors, or both. some statements may not describe either type of effector. you are currently in a sorting module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to items, space or enter to pick up, tab to move, space or enter to drop. homotropic effector heterotropic effector both'
Effector molecule binding changes the behavior of enzymes by altering the equilibrium between the disturbing (t) kingdom and the comfortable (r) country. effectors are labeled as either homotropic or heterotropic. in shape every description with homotropic effectors.
Homotropic effector-
Both -
The phrase
Is relevant and can be applied to homotropic effector molecules since the heterotropic effector molecules have the possibility and affinity to change the sigmoidal curve to a more potential hyperbolic curve contingent upon the allosteric effector being positive or negative modulator.
The expression isn't relevant for both homotropic and heterotrophic effectors since the two of them can tie to the allosteric site of allosteric enzymatic compounds.
The phrase is significant and can be applied to both homotropic and heterotropic effectors.
The expression is significant and applied for homotropic effectors just as when substrate molecules tie to the allosteric site of an enzyme then it is regarded as a homotropic effector. The heterotropic effectors are effectors apart from substrate molecules.
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Disclaimer:- Your question is incomplete, please see below for the complete question.
Effector molecule binding changes the behavior of enzymes by altering the equilibrium between the tense (t) state and the relaxed (r) state. effectors are classified as either homotropic or heterotropic. match each description with homotropic effectors, heterotropic effectors, or both. some statements may not describe either type of effector. you are currently in a sorting module. turn off browse mode or quick nav, tab to items, space or enter to pick up, tab to move, space or enter to drop.
A. homotropic effector
B. heterotropic effect
C. or both'
The calvin cycle and the krebs cycle are similar in that both ________________________________.
The Calvin cycle and the Krebs cycle are similar in that both produce energy as well as sugar.
Two significant metabolic mechanisms are the Calvin and Krebs cycles. Both procedures utilize carbon dioxide and ATP. Plants exhibit both. Inside the cells, both activities are cyclical. The Calvin cycle is the mechanism used to fix carbon during photosynthesis in order to make carbohydrates.
Also known as Kreb's cycle, the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) and the citric acid cycle are two examples. The light-free processes of photosynthesis include the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle utilizes ATP and NADPH. Cellular respiration includes the Krebs cycle. This cycle generates ATP and NADPH.
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when using the hill equation:a.it is possible to observe positive cooperativity.b.it is possible to observe negative cooperativity.c.it is possible to observe both positive, negative and no cooperativity.d.it will never be 1 for a multisubunit protein.e.it cannot be applied to noncooperative binding.
"It is possible to observe negative cooperativity" when utilizing the hill equation.
What exactly is negative cooperativity?Negative cooperativity occurs when one or more molecules of a ligand attach to a multimeric receptor, making subsequent ligand molecules more difficult to bind. Negative cooperativity can make a multimeric receptor's response more graded than it would otherwise be. When the binding of a first ligand or substrate molecule lowers the rate of subsequent binding, this is referred to as negative cooperativity. This term is applicable not just to ligand-receptor interaction, but also whenever two or more molecules undergo two successive binding events. When the binding of a first ligand or substrate molecule lowers the rate of subsequent binding, this is referred to as negative cooperativity.
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For the red onion skin experiment, in what cellular structure is red onion pigment stored and you were observing shrinkage?.
Anthocyanins is the red pigment present in leaves, petals and fruit of onion.
What are anthocyanins?Plant-based pigments called anthocyanins are thought to have health advantages. They are part of a group of substances called flavonoids, which have antioxidant properties. They do this by combating free radicals, which are unstable chemicals that harm cells and raise the chance of developing certain diseases. Water-soluble pigments called anthocyanins not only give some plants their colour but also shield them from harsh temperatures.
Although it is obvious that anthocyanin-rich foods contribute to a healthy diet, it is still unknown if they can prevent or treat any illnesses. It is not clear how much anthocyanins must be consumed to be taken into account, even in cases where there is proof of their advantages, such as the decreased risk of heart disease.
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The red pigment found in onion leaves, petals, and fruit is called anthocyanin.
Describe anthocyanins?Anthocyanins, a type of plant pigment, are known to have positive health effects. They belong to the class of compounds known as flavonoids, which have antioxidant effects. They accomplish this by battling free radicals, unstable molecules that damage cells and increase the risk of contracting specific diseases. Some plants get their color from water-soluble pigments called anthocyanins, which also protect them from extreme temperatures.
What effects do anthocyanins have on the body?Anthocyanins have actions that are anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and prevent cardiovascular disorders. Anthocyanins produced from food plants are therefore possible components for pharmaceuticals.
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cephalopods have several unique characteristics that set them apart from other mollusks. complete the following sentences about cephalopods with the correct terms.
The complete sentences with correct terms about cephalopods are:
The cephalopod foot has evolved into a series of arms, which are primarily used for handling prey.Among the invertebrates, cephalopods possess the largest brains.Unlike the other classes of mollusks, the cephalopods possess a(n) open circulatory system.Cephalopods can move using jet propulsion by pumping water through the mantle cavity and out of their siphon.Cephalopods undergo direct development and lack a larval stage.Cephalopods are the organisms of the class Cephalopods that belongs to the phylum Mollusca. The examples of cephalopods are: squid, octopus, cuttlefish, nautilus, etc. The animals here are all marine with bilateral symmetry.
Siphon is the organ in cephalopods that helps in locomotion. Its function is to expel water out of the body of organism. This produces a locomotive force.
The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
Cephalopods have several unique characteristics that set them apart from other mollusks. Complete the following sentences about cephalopods with the correct terms.
The cephalopod ___ has evolved into a series of arms, which are primarily used for handling prey.Among the invertebrates, cephalopods possess the largest ____.Unlike the other classes of mollusks, the cephalopods possess a(n) ____ circulatory system.Cephalopods can move using jet propulsion by pumping water through the ____ and out of their siphon.Cephalopods undergo ____ development and lack a larval stage.To know more about cephalopods, here
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Cancer is a disease that involves uncontrolled cell division
Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division and tissue invasion (due to DNA alterations).
Cancer, what is it?Cancer is fundamentally a mitotic illness in which the cancer cell ignores or overrides the usual mitotic "checkpoints" that control the process. When a single cell undergoes a transformation into a cancer cell, cancer is said to have started.
Is unchecked meiosis or mitosis the cause of cancer?Every cell's genes play a significant role in controlling mitosis. This control may not always work. If it only affects one cell, it has the potential to spread and create other uncontrolled cells through self-replication. They are malignant cells.
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A mutation in which types of cells would only affect just the organism and not future generations of offspring.
A mutation in which types of cells would only affect just the organism and not future generations of offspring is called a somatic mutation.
Somatic mutations are change in a person's DNA that occur after conception to any cell that isn't a germ cell (egg or sperm cell). Somatic mutations don't pass from parents to their children (not hereditary) and happen sporadically or randomly, without the mutation existing in a person's family history.
They also can't pass to future generations. These mutations are frequently caused by environmental factors, such as exposure to ultraviolet radiation or certain chemicals. The somatic mutation may occur in any cell division from the first cleavage of the fertilized egg to the cell divisions that replace cells in a senile individual.
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1. How do plants benefit from fungi?
A. Fungi cause growth of plants.
B. Fungi attract light energy to plants.
C. Fungi make nutrients more available to plants.
Answer:
C. Fungi make nutrients more available to plants.
Explanation:
The fungi colonize the root system of a host plant, providing increased water and nutrient absorption capabilities while the plant provides the fungus with carbohydrates formed from photosynthesis. Mycorrhizae also offer the host plant increased protection against certain pathogens.
ren is the combining form for kidney which derives from latin, the combining form for kidney which derives from greek is
ren is the combining form for kidney which derives from Latin, the combining form for kidney which derives from Greek is Nephr/o.
Kidney is the main organ of the excretory system that is involved in the filtration of the blood and removal of wastes like ions, salts, waste fluid, etc. The basic unit of the kidney that actually performs all these functions is called a nephron. The kidney is a bean shaped structure which is present in a pair.
Several nephrons together form the kidney. Nephron itself has various components. These are: glomerulus within Bowman's capsule, a proximal convoluted tubule, an intermediate tubule (loop of Henle), a distal convoluted tubule, a connecting tubule, and the collecting duct.
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Consider the tall/short traits of pea plants. A pea plant that carries two tall alleles is.
Answer:
Homozygous (?)
Explanation:
"Homozygous, as related to genetics, refers to having inherited the same versions (alleles) of a genomic marker from each biological parent. Thus, an individual who is homozygous for a genomic marker has two identical versions of that marker."
Take my two cents; if a plant has two of the same gene it will homozygous because both of the parents were tall the offspring will receive a 'tall alleles' from both parents and also be tall. (tall+tall= tall)
hat does the intrinsic growth rate of a species measure? How does it vary among species? (consider r/k selection,etc)
The intrinsic growth rate of a species measures the max potential for growth under ideal conditions for a species. The r-selected species show high growth because they can give rise to a large number of offspring at once and the k-selected species have slow growth as they reproduce fewer species.
The r-selected species are the organisms that involve all their potential and energy in reproducing. They give birth to a large number of species at once and hence provide very less or no parental care.
The k-selected species do not give all the energy in reproducing and hence they offer parental care to the offspring. Thus, these offspring live longer than the offspring of the r-selected species.
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looking at your results of the ames test using bacteriological agar medium plates lacking the amino acid histidine, you find that there are many colonies growing on the agar. how do you interpret this result?
Interpret this result is the chemical being tested is mutagenic.
What is mutagenic?A mutation-causing agent (a change in the DNA of a cell). Mutagens can damage cells and result in diseases like cancer thanks to the DNA mutations they produce. Radiation from x-rays, ultraviolet light, and certain compounds are a few examples of mutagens.
In the field of genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that permanently modifies genetic material, typically DNA, in an organism and raises the frequency of mutations above the background level of natural occurrence.
Physical, chemical, or biological mutagens can all be mutagenic agents. Mutagenicity is the property of a chemical that permits the induction of mutations or changes in DNA base pairs.
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2. what molecule is the common entry point to aerobic respiration for carbohydrates, proteins and fats?
Molecule that is the common entry point to aerobic respiration for carbohydrates, proteins and fats : acetyl-CoA.
What is acetyl-CoA?Acetyl-CoA is a molecule that participates in various biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and it's main function is to deliver the acetyl group to citric acid cycle to be oxidized for producing energy. Basically, it is the oxidation of the acetate portion of acetyl-CoA that gives carbon dioxide and water and the energy released is then captured in the form of ATP.
Acetyl-CoA is generated by two ways:
by oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate from glycolysis, which takes place in mitochondrial matrix, by oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. by oxidative degradation of some amino acids.To know more about Acetyl-CoA, refer
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Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal. With which group of elements is magnesium most reactive?.
Group 2A (or IIA) of the periodic table are the alkaline earth metals which is more reactive
Alkaline earth metals are good conductors. They have low ionization energies, low electron affinities, and low electronegativities. The alkaline earth metals have an oxidation state of +2 and an S subshell electronic structure occupied by two electrons denoted by Xs2. They are highly reactive under standard conditions. They have two outer valence electrons that are easily lost. They all exist in nature, but are found only in compounds and minerals, not in elemental form. They react with halogens to form compounds called halides. Alkali metals are group 1 metals of the periodic table, while alkaline earth metals are group 2. The main difference between alkali and alkali is that alkali metals have one valence electron and alkaline earth metals have two valence electrons
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Choose the reasons that low-income and minority groups often suffer more from the effects of air pollution. a. Nutritional deficiencies weaken the immune systems of people with low incomes. b. Low-income and minority groups encourage factory construction to bring jobs. c. Low-income and minority groups often have fewer resources to fight for their rights, d. Major pollution facilities are often placed in low-income or minority neighborhoods. e. Low-income and minority populations are predisposed to respiratory diseases.
The reason that low-income and minority groups often suffer more from the effects of air pollution is because major pollution facilities are often placed in low-income or minority neighborhoods and is denoted as option D.
What is Pollution?This is referred to as the introduction of contaminants or foreign substances into the environment and there are various sources such as wastes from companies, burning of fossil fuel etc.
In most climes, major pollution facilities are often placed in low-income or minority neighborhoods due to the low population and the land being available for such purpose which increases the risk of the inhabitants suffering from its effect.
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When a vector that employs the lacZ gene as a second marker is used in a cloning experiment, bacteria that harbor the recombinant DNA will give rise to?
a. blue colonies.
b. white colonies.
c. red colonies.
d. all of the choices are correct.
Bacteria that harbor the recombinant DNA will give rise to white colonies. Thus, option B is correct.
Bacteria develop on strong media as colonies. A colony is characterized as an obvious mass of microorganisms all beginning from a single mother cell, in this manner a colony constitutes a clone of microbes all hereditarily alike.
In the recognizable proof of microbes and organisms, much weight is put on how the life form develops in or on media. This workout will assist you to distinguish the social characteristics of a bacterium on an agar plate - called colony morphology.
Plasmids that are commonly utilized in quality cloning are around 3000 nucleotide sets in length, have an ampicillin resistance quality, and have a quality that encodes the protein beta-galactosidase.
The quality encoding this chemical is called the LacZ or blue color quality. The beta-galactosidase chemical will utilize galactose sugar as a substrate.
In case an uncommon form of this sugar called X-gal is put within the media, a flawless thing happens interior the microbes that have the blue color quality.
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How did the invention of the light microscope lead to the development and refinement of cell theory over time?.
Due to their resemblance to monastic cells or apartments, Hooke spotted formations on wood that were box-shaped and gave them the name "cells."
What is a microscope used for?An equipment used to magnify everyday pieces called a microscope. Though at the cell level, some binoculars can be used to study an object, enabling researchers to view a cell's form as well as its nucleus, mtdna, and other organelles.
The microscope is what?A microscope is really a component of the scientific apparatus that enables us to observe very minute objects that are normally invisible to the eye. Magnification is the process of making objects appear larger using lenses similar to those in spectacles or a magnifying glass.
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Piero Ginori Conti invented the first geothermal power generator in the city of
Larderello.
Boise.
Rome.
Bath.
Starting from glucose and utp and atp, how many high-energy bonds are broken/consumed to add that glucose to a glycogen molecule?.
There are 2 molecule which high-energy bonds are broken/consumed to add that glucose to a glycogen molecule.
The biological process through which glycogen degrades into glucose and glucose-1-phosphate would be known as glycogenolysis.
The metabolic process called cellular respiration converts glucose to ATP. Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid as well as Krebs cycle, as well as oxidative phosphorylation are the phases of cellular respiration.
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Is uracil in dna or rna.
Answer: RNA
Explanation:
Uracil is used in RNA in place of Thymine in DNA.
Neisseria gonnorrhoeae is a gram-negative diplococcus that typically causes symptomatic infections in males. The presence of neisseria gonorrhoeae is urethral pus is diagnostic for gonorrhea in males. What would be observed in a positive gram stain?.
The major observation in positive gram stain would be the presence of paired red spheres bacteria, which means that option C should be the right answer.
Gram stain is the test done to identify the bacteria or differentiate them. The stain used is purple in color. If the stain is taken by the bacteria and turns it into red or pink, it implies that bacteria is gram negative. If the bacteria retains purple color, it means that it is gram positive. It is generally done to identify the presence of bacteria or diagnose fungal infections. In case of gram positive stain, the color of bacterial colonies would be red under microscope and since they agglomerate together due to oxidase test, the shape becomes slightly circular. Neisseria gonnorrhoeae is a kind of bacteria involved in affecting the reproductive glands, cervix or urethra if the person is suffering from sexually transmitted diseases. It can also be passed on to other person during sexual contact.
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To refer to complete question, see below:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative diplococcus that typically causes symptomatic infections in males. The presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is urethral pus is diagnostic for gonorrhea in males. What would be observed in a positive Gram stain?
a. paired red rods
b. paired purple rods
c. paired red spheres
d. paired purple spheres
The following are necessary links in the chain of infection. When an NA wears gloves, which link is broken, thus preventing the spread of disease?
a) Reservoir ( place where the pathogen lives and grows)
b) Mode of transmission (a way for the disease to spread)
c) Susceptible host (person who is likely to get the disease)
d) Causative agent (pathogen or microorganism that causes disease)
When a NA wears gloves, the transmission method is interrupted, halting the spread of the illness (a way for the disease to spread).
What is one method for the CNA of bloodborne pathogens?They can be transferred by the air, by coming into contact with blood or other bodily fluids, by touching contaminated surfaces, or by coming into contact with open wounds that are infected. Everywhere in the environment, particularly in the healthcare context, are microscopic organisms that might spread infection.
Which of the following describes the main method through which diseases are spread within the healthcare environment?In American healthcare settings, infectious illness is mostly transmitted through contact, droplet, and airborne means. Direct touch and indirect contact are the two different ways that contact is transmitted.
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Amylopectin and glycogen are similar molecules. The two molecules differ because?.
Gluconeogenesis is a soluble type of starch, whereas amylose is an insoluble form.
What is the function of glycogen?Glycogen is the name given to this form of glucose that is stored and is composed of several linked glucose molecules. Glycogen is degraded to release into the bloodstream, which is then used to fuel for the cells, when the body needs a sudden surge of energy or if the body isn't obtaining glucose from food.
Glycogen: Is it just sugar?Describe glycogen. Glycogen, or stored glucose (sugar), is your body's primary source of energy. In order to store a single glucose molecule, your body branches it into a given mass that can be subsequently decomposed when energy is required.
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Which of the following is not one of the mechanisms by which animals exchange heat with their environment?
A. Conduction
B. Convection
C. Evaporation
D. Metabolic heat production
E. Thermal radiation
Metabolic heat production is not the mechanism which support animal to exchange heat with environment.
What is Metabolic heat production?The heat produced during muscle metabolism in animals is known as metabolic heat generation. ATP must be continuously available for muscle function. The oxidation of metabolites in the mitochondria, a process that necessitates oxygen, produces ATP.
Shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis are the two methods of raising body temperature through metabolic heat production. Brown fat, which has specialized mitochondria that create significant amounts of heat energy when the fat is "burned," is involved in non-shivering thermogenesis. Brown fat is activated by hormones that are released when it is cold outside, which raises metabolic rate and, in turn, body temperature.
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this word is defined as all the living organisms on earth along with the physical environment in which they live.
Ecosystem is word is defined as all the living organisms on earth along with the in physical environment which they live .
Ecosystem is considered as community of organisms together with their physical environment. Ecosystems comprises of different sizes and can be marine, aquatic, or terrestrial.
Ecosystem can also be termed as collection of all living organisms in a geographic area, together with all the living and non-living things that interact with each other. Living components of the environment are known as biotic factors. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and micro-organisms.
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