How do protons (hydrogen ions) move through
ATP synthase?
Answer:
Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix
Explanation:
The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
which is colder 0 C or 32 F
Answer:
0°C × 9/5) + 32 = 32°F
Explanation:
above formula
is having glasses a acquired trait or is it inherited
Answer: It can be both but it is mainly an inherited trait but environmental things can make your eye sight worse or better which can end up being an acquired, but like I said its more so an inherited trait.
Explanation:
Pregunta urgente ¿Que son horiciones? No se si es de biología o de ciencias
Answer:
Explanation:
Heres where to get your answer
https://www.info.com/serp?q=website%20medical&segment=info.0546&s1aid=3788024678&s1cid=11804561937&s1agid=114484240723&s1kid=kwd-944088888&utm_source=adwords&gclid=CjwKCAiAm7OMBhAQEiwArvGi3IMQUyr3aRG07nCggQt-8rAAgyPT3rJedCcJxTAl1ve9LJwgIxq21RoC4yQQAvD_BwE
How does one distinguish
between the left & right
sides of a heart?
Answer:
See explanation section for answer:
Explanation:
The left side of the heart contains the left atrium which allows oxygen rich blood to flow through the mitral valve and into the left ventricle. Whereas the right side of the heart contains the right atrium which allows the blood with poor oxygen levels to enter the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.
Also, the left ventricle is larger than the right ventricle because the left ventricle is responsible for pumping the fresh oxygen rich blood throughout the body.
one more 20 points what is sun light ?
Answer: sun light are light that comes from sun only
Explanation:
What structure within the eye could cause distortions?
The state of Georgia has a yearly energy surplus.
Question 8 options:
a) True
b) False
Answer: A
Explanation:
True state of Georgia has a yearly energy surplus.
Does Georgia use more energy than it generates?
Georgia is among the top 10 electricity-producing states, the state typically uses more power than it generates.
What energy source does Georgia use?Nearly 75% of Georgia's electricity generation comes from hydro production (75.3% in 2019), with the remainder produced from natural gas and from a 20.7 MW wind power plant .
Hence, correct option is :True
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what is osmosis and diffusion
Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a concentrated solution. ... Diffusion: Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration.
describe the features of the endocrine system for control in the example given.
- endocrine gland
-negative feedback mechanism
-produce hormone -> travel via blood-> target specific cells organs
Please expand these bullet points
Answer:
The endocrine system is a major system in the body composed of glands that secrete hormones, which are substances produced by the body to stimulate an organ or group of cells. The endocrine system controls essential bodily functions, which include movement, sexual development, sensory perception, and even growth.
Explanation:
Hormones are chemicals that are produced by the glands in the endocrine system and coordinate distinct bodily functions by carrying important messages throughout the body. They send signals to receiver cells in organs, muscles, and tissues.
Role of Hormones
Hormones have very essential roles in the body, as they regulate metabolism, growth, and sex development. For example, testosterone and estrogen are sex hormones that are released in the body to initiate sex development during puberty. The rate at which these hormones are produced and released must also be highly controlled for optimal development and growth. Hormones also control levels of hunger or exhaustion. Overall, they are very important in telling the body what to do and how to do it.
Function of Hormones
As previously mentioned, hormones serve several important functions throughout the body. They are responsible for the function of organs, in addition to controlling how the body stores and uses energy. Hormones only target specific organs or cells: for example, thyroid-stimulating hormones are released by the pituitary gland, and only target the thyroid gland. Some hormones can affect several kinds of tissues at once; for instance, the thyroid hormone, produced by the thyroid gland, can affect several bodily functions, such as heart rate and metabolism.
which is colder 0 C or 32 F
Answer: we know that the same temperature was named 0°C and 32°F. We write it 0°C = 32°F, and read it: "A temperature of zero degrees Celsius is the same as a temperature of 32 degrees Fahrenheit." Similarly, 0°F = 160/9°C. ... 23°C is 23°C above 0°C. But 23°C = 23*1.8°F and 0°C = 32°F.
Explanation: Mark me brainly please
Answer:
They are the same
Explanation:
(0°C × 9/5) + 32 = 32°F
To convert temperatures in degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 1.8 (or 9/5) and add 32.
What is the % of water inside the cell
Will osmosis occur
If so , which will water move (into or out of the cell )?
Will the cell swell or shrink ?
The cell is In what type of solution ? (Hypertonic , hypotonic ,isotonic ) help pls
The percentage of water inside the cell is 2.5 %. Water will move into the cell and it will swell. So it's a hypotonic solution.
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the spontaneous diffusion or flow of water or other liquids over a semipermeable membrane, or one that prevents the passage of solutes, or dissolved compounds. The crucial biological mechanism was initially in-depth investigated in 1877 by German plant physiologist Wilhelm Pfeffer. Inaccurate investigations of leaky membranes, such as animal bladders, and the movement of water and other chemicals through them were previously conducted by other researchers.
A solution will tend to become more diluted by absorbing solvent through a membrane separating it from the pure solvent if the membrane is permeable to the solvent but not to the solute. The osmotic pressure, also known as the pressure exerted on the solution, can be raised to a certain level to halt this process. Jacobus Henricus van 't, Hoff, a Dutch-born chemist, demonstrated in 1886 that Henry's rule is obeyed if the solute is sufficiently diluted that its absolute vapor pressure is above the solution.
Therefore, the percentage of water inside the cell is 2.5 %. Water will move into the cell and it will swell. So it's a hypotonic solution.
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Which is NOT one of
the functions of the
digestive system?
A
A. absorption
B. digestion
C. respiration
D. ingestion
Answer:
respiration
Explanation:
your lungs do the respiration, the digestive system is meant to ingest, absorb and ingest food into the body
Answer: C
Explanation: this occurs in the respiratory system whereas the rest occur in the digestive
Canine Respiratory System. I need to figure out about how it works. Like a step by step on how it’s processed. I can’t find any good articles that actually explain.
Answer:
The Respiratory System helps you breath, here are the steps for it
(I have terrible spelling so sorry if you don't understand the words)
Explanation:
1) You take a breath
2) It goes down the treacha
3) Goes into the lungs
4) then the Bronchial tubes to the capillaries
5) The capillaries make perfect oxygen, and makes you breath out the Carbon Dioxide
Sorry if this explanation is super confusing or terrible
PLEASE HELP!!! WILL MARK AS BRAINLIEST!!! D:
A. SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Circle the mutation in DNA of the sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment in the table below:
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
Transcribe beta-globin DNA into mRNA. Note: DNA is already arranged in triplet sets (below).
Translate mRNA codons into amino acids of hemoglobin protein sequence using the chart on page 3.
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
Transcription produces mRNA fragment:
Translation produces wild-type beta-globin polypeptide fragment:
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
Transcription produces mRNA fragment:
Translation produces mutant beta-globin polypeptide fragment:
In this example an adenine replaces a thymine. Wild-type mRNA GUGCAUCUGACUCCUGAG/ Protein Val-His-Leu-Thr-Pro-Glu. Mutated mRNA GUGCAUCUGACUCCUGUG/ Protein Val-His-Leu-Thr-Pro-Val.
--------------------------
Mutations are changes that occur in DNI nucleotide sequences that introduce new variants.
There are different types of mutations. In the exposed example, the last thymine from the Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment is replaced by an adenine in the Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment. The other bases remain equal.
Wild-type gene fragment ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
Sickle-cell gene fragment ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
Wild-type beta-globin gene fragment
TranscriptionTranscription occurs in the nucleus. In RNA uracil replaces thymine.
While growing mRNA molecule,
adenine pairs uracil, thymine pairs adenine, and guanine pairs cytosine.DNA ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C T C
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G A G
TranslationTranslation occurs in the cytosol. mRNA codons codify for amino acids.
Codons have been separated by a space.
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G A G
Protein ⇒ Valine - Histidine - Leucine - Threonine - Proline - Glutamine
Sickle-cell beta-globin gene fragment
TranscriptionDNA ⇒ C A C G T A G A C T G A G G A C A C
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G U G
Translation
mRNA ⇒ G U G C A U C U G A C U C C U G U G
Protein ⇒ Valine - Histidine - Leucine - Threonine - Proline - Valine
---------------------------------------
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a
What organelle in a plant is chlorophyll found
in?
Answer:
Chloroplasts in the Leaf
state three uses in a plant of the carboydrate produced in photosynthesis
Answer:
Organisms use carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis by oxidizing them to produce energy for respiration. - The glucose produced in green plants is directly utilized for respiration and other activities, while the excess is stored in the form of starch.
what layer is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes
Answer:
epidermis
The hemidesmosomes mediate the attachment of the basal keratinocytes of the epidermis to the underlying basement membrane (Figure 147-1B).
What are the four things that plants need to live
Answer:
Sunlight, water, carbon dioxide, dirt/soil
Explanation:
Need Done before tomorrow pls
20 Matching questions
Answer:
1) T
2) C
3) G
4) S
5). B
6) L
7) R
8) E
9)H
10)K
Explanation:
ITS ONLY 10 I KNOW :)
The right and left coronary arteries are the first branches off the a. aorta. b. superior vena cava. to. pulmonary trunk. d. pulmonary veins. g
Answer:
answer is A aorta
Explanation:
aorta is the answer
The eyes of some birds contain cells that detect ultraviolet (UV) light.
UV light is reflected by some fruits and the urine of small mammals.
Explain how birds that detect UV light have evolved from birds that could not detect
UV light
[6 marks
Birds that detect UV light have favorable characteristics that enable them to survive and reproduce. These characteristics are passed on to their offspring.
According to Darwin's theory of evolution, organisms that are better adapted to their environment live long enough to survive and reproduce and pass on these favorable traits to their offspring.
Since birds depend on these fruits for food and these fruits reflect UV light. A bird that can not detect UV light will find it difficult to obtain food. Hence, birds that have developed the ability to detect UV light will live long enough and reproduce, passing on these favorable characteristics to their offspring. Hence, birds that can detect UV light appears from birds who do not originally detect UV light.
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give difference Himalaya rivers- Peninsula river?
Answer:
- Himalayan rivers get water from snow and rain,
-whereas Peninsular rivers are fed by rain only.
-Himalayan Region is the shape of an arc.
- The Peninsular Plateau is in the shape of a triangle.
-Himalayan Region is made up of sedimentary rocks
- The Peninsular Plateau is made up of metamorphic and igneous rocks.
low elevation and low latitudes result in ____________________
Group of answer choices
cold temperatures
hot temperatures
wetter climate
more change in temperature
Answer:
5
Explanation:
28. The figure below shows an animal tissue
(a) Name
(1) The parts of the tissue labelled A to F.
(ii) The animal from which the tissue is derived,
(b) Give the functions of each of the parts labelled
Answer:
The tissues of multicellular, complex animals are four primary types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous. Recall that tissues are groups of similar cells group of similar cells carrying out related functions.
Explanation:
.
A large, dense-core vesicle found in the axon terminal is likely to contain:
A. Synthesis peptides
B. Neurotransmitter receptors
C. Enzymes that degrade transmitter molecules
D. Peptides
Answer:
D. peptides
Explanation:
What do all living things have in common? All have cells with a nucleus. All have a genetic code. All are made of two or more cells. All can perform photosynthesis.
Living beings are organisms that can respire, respond, grow, reproduce, and are made of cells. All living things have a genetic code. Thus, option B is correct.
What is a genetic code?A genetic code is a sequence of proteins and nucleic acids that act as a hereditary molecule that transfers the traits and characteristics to the progeny.
The code can be in the form of DNA or RNA and provides information about the genotype of the organisms that were passed from their ancestors.
The genetic code is in the form of triplets and is a universal system that codes for the same proteins in all organisms. It consists of the nitrogenous bases that through translation make the amino acids.
Therefore, option B. all living organisms have a genetic code.
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Writing your own quiz from the information you learned in class and during your reading will help improve your study skills.
A.
True
B.
False
Answer:
A. true
Explanation:
Writing your own quiz on the information you studied will force you to go over the information and find all the important details
Which habitats are the most common on you neighboorhood? Why do you think this is so?
In three to five sentences, describe the advantages and disadvantages of these maps in modeling mitosis. I will give brainliest to best answer
Introduction
In order for organisms to grow, cells have two options: they must either replicate themselves to create more cells, or the cells themselves must expand in volume. In humans, tissues such as the skin and blood contain cells that are actively dividing, whilst other tissues such as fat contain cells that expand (good if you need energy for winter, bad if you are trying to fit into some expensive jeans). Other cells, such as neurons, will never divide again once they are terminally differentiated; they are post-mitotic.
In the process of replicating themselves, cells have another choice: do they want to make an identical copy and be left with two cells? Or do they want to make four “half-copies”, in preparation for sexual reproduction, where their genetic content will be made whole again by the process of fertilisation? This choice is the choice between mitosis and meiosis.
Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis
This article will explore the characteristics of both kinds of cell division, shining a light on how they are similar and in which aspects they are crucially distinct. We will also explore the research into these processes and how cell division might go awry to cause disease states such as cancer and Down’s Syndrome.
Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Overview and commonly asked questions
Mitosis
Meiosis
What is the purpose of this process?
In a unicellular organism, the purpose of mitosis is to proliferate asa species. In a multicellular organism, the purpose can be to grow during development, or to repair or regenerate
adamaged tissue, for example.
To create gametes with only one copy of the organism’s genetic information, in preparation for sexual reproduction. Various steps in meiosis create opportunity for genetic diversity in the daughter cells. This is the raw substrate for evolution.
What is the outcome of this process?
Two diploid cells with identical genetic information.
Four haploid cells with different genetic information.
Which organisms perform this process?
Mitosis is performed by unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes.Bacteria have their own version of mitosis called “binary fission”.This is distinct from meiosis as bacteria typically have one circular chromosome,which is not contained within a nucleus, like eukaryotic chromosomes.
Only organisms which perform sexual reproduction. Archaeaand bacteria do not do this, so it might be tempting to think that unicellularorganisms do not sexually reproduce. However, there are exceptions; buddingyeast will form haploid spores under nutritional deprivation.
How long does this process take?
Mitosis is usually shorter than meiosis. The process can take over 10 hours for mammalian cells in culture [2], budding yeast can take ~80 minutes to complete a cell cycle [3], whilst bacteria can divide every 20 minutes.
Meiosis has various timescales in different organisms, which can be affected by several factors including temperature and environment of the organism, and the amount of nuclear DNA. The process lasts 6 hours in yeast but can last more than 40 years in human females, due to a developmental hold at prophase I, until ovulation. Other examples are 1-2 days in male fruit flies and ~ 24 days in human males. [1]
What is an example of a disease caused by an error in this process?
Uncontrolled mitosis occurs in cancer, where either genes that stop cell division (tumour suppressors) are switched off, or genes that encourage cell division (oncogenes) are overactive.
Errors in meiosis can lead to the wrong number of chromosomes ending up in germ cells, this is called aneuploidy. This can trigger miscarriage, but is occasionally tolerated. One example is Down’s syndrome, caused by trisomy 21. Another example is Klinefelter syndrome, where XY males have an additional X chromosome.
Summary
Meiosis and mitosis both have a prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis.
In meiosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur twice. The first round of division is special, but the second round is more like mitosis.
In mitosis, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase occur once.
Prophase
Chromosomes condense and the centrosomes begin to form an early spindle.
Meiotic prophase I is much longer that mitotic prophase.
During prophase I homologous chromosomes make contacts with each other called chiasmata and “crossing over” occurs. This is where chromosomes exchange sections of DNA. This is important for generating genetic diversity but is also crucial mechanically to hold homologous chromosomes together.
Mitotic prophase is much shorter that meiotic prophase I.
There is no crossing over in mitosis.
(Im a really fast typer)
Answer:
Cells have to do a few things, first they either have to replicate themselves, or they must expand. In our human bodies our cells do both. Replicating when we break skin, and expanding for the winter. Some cells never divide though. But cells also have to choose is they will make identical copies, or 4 half copies. Half copies have a sexual re-productions. And this is the choice of mitosis and meiosis.
Explanation:
I just made a quick summery of the long essay above, I'm not sure if it's totally correct, but I hope it helps!