To solve this problem, we need to use the principle of conservation of energy, which states that the total energy in a system is constant. In this case, the energy lost by the copper pipe as it cools down will be gained by the water as it heats up. We can use the equation:
Q_copper = -Q_water
where Q_copper is the heat lost by the copper pipe, and Q_water is the heat gained by the water. The negative sign indicates that the energy flows from the copper to the water.
The heat lost by the copper pipe can be calculated using the formula:
Q_copper = mcΔT
where m is the mass of the copper pipe, c is the specific heat of copper, and ΔT is the change in temperature. We can assume that the final temperature of the copper-water mixture is the same, so we can write:
Q_copper = mc(800.0 - T)
where T is the final temperature of the mixture.
The heat gained by the water can be calculated using the formula:
Q_water = mwCΔT
where mw is the mass of the water, C is the specific heat of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature. We can assume that the initial temperature of the water is 20.0°C, so we can write:
Q_water = mwC(T - 20.0)
Now we can substitute these equations into the conservation of energy equation:
mc(800.0 - T) = -mwC(T - 20.0)
Solving for T:
mc(800.0 - T) = mwC(T - 20.0)
1500.0 * 0.386 * (800.0 - T) = 5.00 * 4.184 * (T - 20.0)
231480 - 579.6T = 20.92T - 418.4
600.52T = 231898.4
T = 386.6°C
Therefore, the final temperature of the copper-water mixture is 386.6°C.
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answer only the yellow dish,. ignore the writing it is a blank space. please I need explanation how to do it. only you fill the yellow dish.
please help
The orbital period of an exoplanet using a light curve is calculated using the length of time between each dip in the light curve, represented by a line that drops below the normal light intensity.
How to solvePlanet | Mass of parent star (relative to sun) | Orbital Period (days) | Distance from parent star (AU) | Distance from parent star (km)
Kepler-5b | 1.37 Ms | 3.55 | 0.05064 | 7,580,000
Kepler-6b | 1.21 Ms | 3.23 | 0.04559 | 6,820,000
Kepler-7b | 1.36 Ms | 4.89 | 0.06250 | 9,350,000
Kepler-8b | 1.21 Ms | 3.52 | 0.04828 | 7,220,000
Kepler-9b | 1.04 Ms | 384.84 | 1.046 | 156,500,000
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State the difference between positive and negative zero error of a vernier calliper
Answer:
Positive zero error: When the jaws of the caliper are closed, the zero mark on the vernier scale is to the right of the zero mark on the main scale. This means that the caliper reads a value greater than the actual value, leading to a positive zero error.
Negative zero error: When the jaws of the caliper are closed, the zero mark on the vernier scale is to the left of the zero mark on the main scale. This means that the caliper reads a value less than the actual value, leading to a negative zero error.
A young girl is riding a bicycle that has a total mass ( including the kid) of 26 kg. The girl is moving at 6.64 m/s on a flat road when she suddenly slams on the brakes and skids to a stop in 17.5 meters. How many joules of work was done on the bike+ girl?
The work done on the bike and girl is -954.67 Joules.
To find the work done on the bike and the girl, we can use the work-energy principle, which states that the work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy.
The initial kinetic energy of the bike and girl is given by:
KEi = 1/2 * m * v²
where m is the mass and v is the velocity
KEi = 1/2 * 26 kg * (6.64 m/s)²
KEi = 954.67 J
The final kinetic energy of the bike and girl is zero, since they come to a stop. Therefore, the change in kinetic energy is:
ΔKE = KEf - KEi = -KEi
The work done on the bike and girl is equal to the negative of the initial kinetic energy:
W = -KEi
W = -954.67 J
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Urgent:
Let's say you wanted to make a flute from one-inch PVC pipe. If the lowest desired note is C5 on the Equal Temperament Scale (523.25 Hz), what length should it be cut?
In order to produce the C5 note, the length of the one-inch PVC pipe should be cut to approximately 12.91 inches.
Length and frequency of wave productionThe formula to calculate the length of a pipe to produce a desired frequency is:
L = (v/2f) * n
Where:
L is the length of the pipev is the speed of sound in air (approximately 343 m/s at room temperature)f is the desired frequencyn is the harmonic numberTo find the length of the pipe needed to produce the C5 note with a frequency of 523.25 Hz, we can use the formula above and assume the fundamental frequency (n = 1):
L = (v/2f) * n = (343 m/s / 2 * 523.25 Hz) * 1
L = 0.3279 meters or 12.91 inches
Therefore, the length of the one-inch PVC pipe should be cut to approximately 12.91 inches to produce the C5 note.
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alpha centauri is 4.2 light years away from the solar system (and jupiter) what acceleration would be needed to accelerate to the half way point and decelerate until arriving if the trip is to take 400 years.
Acceleration of approximately 0.023 m/s² would be required to reach the halfway point and then decelerate to arrive at Alpha Centauri in 400 years.
What is Acceleration?Acceleration is the amount at which the velocity of an object changes over time. An object can accelerate by changing its speed, direction of motion, or both.
Equation:The required acceleration can be calculated using the formula:
a = (2d) / (t²)
where:
d = distance to be covered (half the distance to Alpha Centauri in this case, which is 2.1 light years or 1.989 x 10¹³ km)
t = time taken to complete the trip (400 years or 1.26 x 10¹⁰ seconds)
Plugging in the values, we get:
a = (2 x 1.989 x 10¹³) / (1.26 x 10¹⁰)²
a ≈ 0.023 m/s²
Therefore, an acceleration of approximately 0.023 m/s² would be required to reach the halfway point and then decelerate to arrive at Alpha Centauri in 400 years.
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Let's say you wanted to make a flute from one-inch PVC pipe. If the lowest desired note is C5 on the Equal Temperament Scale (523.25 Hz), what length should it be cut?
The PVC pipe should be cut to a length of 32.6 centimeters to produce a C5 note.
Pitch refers to the perceived highness or lowness of a sound, which is determined by its frequency. A higher frequency corresponds to a higher pitch, while a lower frequency corresponds to a lower pitch.
To determine the length of a flute made from PVC pipe that produces a desired pitch, we can use the formula:
L = (v/2f) * n
where L is the length of the pipe, v is the velocity of sound in air, f is the frequency of the desired pitch, and n is the number of open and closed nodes in the standing wave produced by the pipe.
For a pipe that is open on both ends (like a flute), n = 2. The velocity of sound in air is approximately 343 meters per second at room temperature.
To convert the desired frequency of C5 (523.25 Hz) to meters per second, we can use the formula:
v = f * λ
where λ is the wavelength of the sound wave. For C5, λ is approximately 0.65 meters (since the speed of sound in air is about 343 m/s, and the wavelength of C5 is 343 m/s divided by 523.25 Hz).
So, we can calculate the length of the PVC pipe needed for C5 as:
L = (v/2f) * n = (343/2*523.25) * 2 * 0.65 = 0.326 meters or 32.6 centimeters
Therefore, To create a C5 note, the PVC tubing should be cut to a length of about 32.6 centimeters.
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A loop of area 0.100 m² is oriented at
a 15.5 degree angle to a 0.500 T
magnetic field. It rotates until it is at a
45.0 degree angle with the field. What
is the resulting CHANGE in the
magnetic flux?
[?] Wb
Answer:
-0.0122 Wb
Explanation:
The magnetic flux through a loop of area A and with an angle θ between the magnetic field and the loop's normal is given by:
Φ = BAcos(θ)
The initial magnetic flux is:
Φ1 = BAcos(θ1) = 0.500 T * 0.100 m² * cos(15.5°) = 0.0476 Wb
The final magnetic flux is:
Φ2 = BAcos(θ2) = 0.500 T * 0.100 m² * cos(45.0°) = 0.0354 Wb
The change in magnetic flux is:
ΔΦ = Φ2 - Φ1 = 0.0354 Wb - 0.0476 Wb = -0.0122 Wb
Therefore, the resulting change in magnetic flux is -0.0122 Wb.
Calculate the self-weight of a reinforced concrete beam of breadth Xmm; depth Ymm and length 2000mm. Take the unit weight of concrete as 24kN/mm³.
The self-weight of the reinforced concrete beam is 0.024 X Y X 2000 kN.
What is a reinforced concrete beam?A reinforced concrete beam is a structural element designed to withstand the load of a building or other construction. It is made by pouring concrete into a mold or form, and then reinforcing the concrete with steel bars or other reinforcement materials. Reinforced concrete beams are commonly used in the construction of buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure, and can be designed to support a variety of loads and spans.
To calculate the self-weight of the reinforced concrete beam, we first need to determine the volume of the beam, which can be calculated as:
Volume of beam = breadth x depth x length
Substituting the given values, we get:
Volume of beam = Xmm x Ymm x 2000mm
Next, we need to calculate the weight of this volume of concrete, which can be calculated as:
Weight of concrete = Volume of beam x Unit weight of concrete
Substituting the given value of the unit weight of concrete as 24kN/mm³, we get:
Weight of concrete = Xmm x Ymm x 2000mm x 24kN/mm³
Simplifying this expression, we get:
Weight of concrete = 0.024 X Y X 2000 kN
Therefore, the self-weight of the reinforced concrete beam is 0.024 X Y X 2000 kN.
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Assuming an energy-generation efficiency (i.e., the ratio of energy released to total mass-energy available) of 11 percent, calculate how much mass a 3.0×1041 W
quasar would consume if it shone for 50 billion years.
To solve this problem, we need to use Einstein's famous equation, E=mc^2, which relates energy and mass. Mass is a E= mc2 answer is 4.86×10^54 kg.
What is a consumer ?Consumers are an important part of food chains and food webs in ecosystems, as they help to transfer energy and nutrients between different levels of the food chain. Without consumers, the energy stored in plants and other producers would not be available to other organisms in the ecosystem, which could have significant impacts on the overall health and functioning of the ecosystem.
What is an ecosystem ?An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms and their physical environment interacting as a system. It can be a small area, such as a pond or a forest, or a larger area, such as a desert or an ocean.
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6.
How many times more intense is the sound of a motorcycle (90 dB) passing by than an automobile (70 dB) passing by?
four times.
ten times
one hundred times
twenty times
1. An object, constrained to move along the x-axis is acted upon by a force F(x) where = a = 5 N/m, b = -2N/m F(x) = ax + bx² The object is observed to proceed directly from x = 1m to x = 3.0m. How much work was done by the object by the force? Does the process of integration take into account the fact that the force F(x) changes sign in the interval.
A bungee cord is essentially a very long rubber band that can stretch up to four times its unstretched length. However, its spring constant varies over its stretch. Take the length of the cord to be along the x-direction and define the stretch x as the length of the cord l minus its un-stretched length [tex]l_0[/tex]; that is, [tex]x=l-l_0[/tex] (see below). Suppose a particular bungee cord has a spring constant, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 4.88m , of [tex]k_1=204 N/m[/tex] and for x ≥ 4.88m , of [tex]k_2=111N/m[/tex]. (Recall that the spring constant is the slope of the force F(x) versus its stretch x.) (a) What is the tension in the cord when the stretch is 16.7 m (the maximum desired for a given jump)? (b) How much work must be done against the elastic force of the bungee cord to stretch it 16.7 m? please explain if possible!
Answer:
(a) To find the tension in the cord when the stretch is 16.7 m, we need to first determine which spring constant applies to this stretch. Since 16.7 m is greater than 4.88 m, the spring constant for x ≥ 4.88 m applies, which is
�
2
=
111
�
/
�
k
2
=111N/m.
Next, we need to find the force exerted by the bungee cord at this stretch. The force F(x) exerted by a spring is given by:
F(x) = kx
where k is the spring constant and x is the stretch. Plugging in the values for k and x, we get:
F(16.7) = (111 N/m)(16.7 m) = 1853.7 N
Therefore, the tension in the cord when the stretch is 16.7 m is 1853.7 N.
(b) To find the work done against the elastic force of the bungee cord to stretch it 16.7 m, we need to integrate the force over the stretch. Since the spring constant changes at 4.88 m, we need to break up the integration into two parts.
For 0 ≤ x ≤ 4.88 m, the force is given by:
F(x) = k
1
x
where k
1
= 204 N/m. Integrating this expression over the stretch from 0 to 4.88 m, we get:
W
1
= ∫
4.88
0
k
1
x dx = (204 N/m) * (4.88 m)
2
/ 2 = 996.8 J
For 4.88 m ≤ x ≤ 16.7 m, the force is given by:
F(x) = k
2
x
where k
2
= 111 N/m. Integrating this expression over the stretch from 4.88 m to 16.7 m, we get:
W
2
= ∫
16.7
4.88
k
2
x dx = (111 N/m) * (16.7 m)
2
/ 2 - (111 N/m) * (4.88 m)
2
/ 2 = 1232.8 J
Therefore, the total work done against the elastic force of the bungee cord to stretch it 16.7 m is:
W = W
1
+ W
2
= 996.8 J + 1232.8 J = 2229.6 J
Assuming that H0 = 70 km/s/Mpc , calculate the mass of the parent galaxy.
A small satellite galaxy is moving in a circular orbit around a much more massive parent and just happens to be moving exactly parallel to the line of sight as seen from Earth. The recession velocities of the satellite and the parent galaxy are measured to be 6450 km/s and 6500 km/s , respectively, and the two galaxies are separated by an angle of 0.1∘ in the sky.
The mass of the parent galaxy is 3.42 x 10^12 solar masses assuming H0 = 70 km/s/Mpc.
How do we calculate?the equation for the mass of a galaxy is :
M = (v^2 * r) / G
H0 = 70 km/s/Mpc
v_satellite = 6450 km/s
v_parent = 6500 km/s
We apply the equation for the Hubble law, in order to find the distances to the galaxies:
d_satellite = v_satellite / H0 = 92.1 Mpc
d_parent = v_parent / H0 = 92.9 Mpc
θ = 0.1∘
d = d_satellite * (θ/60) = 0.026 Mpc
We have the equation for the mass of the parent galaxy as :
M = (v^2 * r) / G
M = (6500 km/s)^2 * (0.026 Mpc) / G = 3.42 x 10^12 solar masses
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What is currently happening with the Canis Major Dwarf galaxy?
A. It is expanding.
B. It is going supernova.
C. The Milky Way is absorbing it.
D. It is dying.
Answer:
The Canis Major Dwarf galaxy is currently being absorbed by the Milky Way galaxy. The gravitational pull of the Milky Way is slowly pulling the Canis Major Dwarf galaxy apart and incorporating its stars into the Milky Way. This process is expected to continue for several billion years until the Canis Major Dwarf galaxy is completely assimilated by the Milky Way.
If a pitch were thrown horizontally with a speed of 32.0 , how far would the ball fall vertically by the time it reached halfway to the home plate which is 19 away?
Once it was halfway to home plate, the ball would have dropped 1.75 meters vertically.
What is speed?How quickly anything is traveling is determined by its speed. The amount of space covered in a given amount of time is a scalar quantity. Calculating speed involves dividing the distance traveled by the time needed to complete that distance.
How do you determine it?The vertical displacement of the ball when it is halfway to home plate can be calculated using the equations of motion, assuming the pitch is delivered on a level field.
Gravitational acceleration is -9.81 m/s2 and the pitch's initial vertical velocity is zero. How long does it take for the pitch to go halfway to home plate?
t = d/v
t = 19 m / (32.0 m/s)
t = 0.594 s
The formula d = vit + 1/2at2 d = 0 + 1/2(-9.81 m/s2) *(0.594 s)2 d = -1.75 m can be used to determine the vertical displacement of the ball during this time.
The ball falls downhill vertically as expected, as indicated by the negative sign. Once it was halfway to home plate, the ball would have dropped 1.75 meters vertically.
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In an unknown radioactive sample, the number of radioactive nuclei is observed to
decrease to 1/20 of the original number in a one-hour period. What is the half-life of this
substance (in minutes)?
The half-life of this substance, which decreases 1/20 of original in one hour is 13.9 minutes.
The number of radioactive nuclei in a sample follows an exponential decay model:
[tex]N(t) = N_0 e^{-\lambda t}[/tex],
where N(t) is the number of nuclei remaining after a time t, [tex]N_0[/tex] is the initial number of nuclei, and λ is the decay constant.
The time required for the number of nuclei to decrease to half of its initial value is called the half-life [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] of the substance. We can use the given information to find the value of [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex]:
[tex]N(t) = \dfrac{1}{2} N_0 = N_0 e^{-\lambda t_{1/2}}[/tex]
Taking the natural logarithm of both sides, we get:
ln(1/2) = -λ[tex]t_{1/2}[/tex]
Solving for [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex], we obtain:
[tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] = ln(2)/λ
We are given that the number of radioactive nuclei decreases to 1/20 of the original number in one hour, which means that the fraction of nuclei remaining after one hour is:
[tex]\dfrac{N(1 hour)}{N_0} = \dfrac{1}{20}\\ = e^{-\lambda \times 1 hour}[/tex]
Solving for λ, we get:
λ = -ln(1/20)/1 hour
Substituting this value of λ into the expression for [tex]t_{1/2}[/tex], we get:
[tex]t_{1/2}[/tex] = ln(2)/(-ln(1/20)/1 hour) = 13.9 minutes
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Each of the double pulleys shown has a mass moment of inertia of 15 lb·ft·s2 and is initially at rest. The outside radius is 18 in., and the inner radius is 9 in. Consider M1 = 210 lb, M2 = 210 lb, M3 = 510 lb, M4 = 350 lb, and M5 = 130 lb.
Determine the angular acceleration of each pulley. (You must provide an answer before moving on to the next part.)
Answer:
0.163 rad/s^2
Explanation:
Let's start by calculating the gravitational potential energy of each pulley:
[tex]U = mgh[/tex]
For pulleys 1 and 2, the height difference is the same and is equal to the difference in radius:
[tex]h = R_o_u_t - R_i_n = 18in - 9in = 9in[/tex]
Using the given masses and converting to units of pounds, we can calculate the potential energy of pulleys 1 and 2:
[tex]U_1 = m_1gh = 210 lb * 9.81 m/s^2*9 in. / 12 in./ft = 144.2lb*ft[/tex]
[tex]U_2 = m_2gh = 210 lb * 9.81 m/s^2 * 9 in. / 12 in./ft = 144.2 lb*ft[/tex]
For pulleys 3, 4, and 5, the height difference is different for each pulley, and is equal to the difference in height between the top and bottom masses:
[tex]h_3 = 2 (R_o_u_t - R_i_n) = 2(18 in. - 9 in.) = 18 in.[/tex]
[tex]h_4 = 3 (R_o_u_t - R_i_n) = 3 (18 in. - 9 in.) = 27 in.[/tex]
[tex]h_5 = 4 (R_o_u_t - R_i_n) = 4 (18 in. - 9 in.) = 36 in.[/tex]
Using the given masses and converting to units of pounds, we can calculate the potential energy of pulleys 3, 4, and 5:
[tex]U_3 = m_3 g h_3 = 510 lb *9.81 m/s^2 * 18 in. / 12 in./ft = 748.5 lb*ft[/tex]
[tex]U_4 = m_4 g h_4 = 350 lb * 9.81 m/s^2 * 27 in. / 12 in./ft = 687.3 lb*ft[/tex]
[tex]U_5 = m_5 g h_5 = 130 lb * 9.81 m/s^2 * 36 in. / 12 in./ft = 382.8 lb*ft[/tex]
The total potential energy of the system is the sum of the potential energies of all pulleys:
[tex]U_t_o_t_a_l = U_1 + U_2 + U_3 + U_4 + U_5 \\= 210.0 lb*ft + 210.0 lb*ft + 748.5 lb*ft + 687.3 lb*ft + 382.8 lb*ft \\= 2238.6 lb*ft[/tex]
At the start, all pulleys are at rest, so the total kinetic energy of the system is zero. As the system moves, the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is proportional to the angular velocity and the moment of inertia of each pulley:
[tex]K = \frac{1}{2} Iw^2[/tex]
The total kinetic energy of the system is the sum of the kinetic energies of all pulleys:
[tex]K_t_o_t_a_l = \frac{1}{2} I_1 w_1^2 + (1/2) I_2 w_2^2 + \frac{1}{2} I_3 w_3^2 + \frac{1}{2} I_4 w_4^2 +\frac{1}{2} I_5 w_5^2[/tex]
Since the system starts at rest, the total initial energy is equal to the total potential energy of the system:
[tex]E_i = U_t_o_t_a_l = 2238.6 lb*ft[/tex]
As the system moves, the total energy remains constant, so the final energy is also equal to the total potential energy:
[tex]E_f = U_t_o_t_a_l = 2238.6 lb*ft[/tex]
We can now use the conservation of energy principle to relate the initial and final energies to the kinetic energies of each pulley, and hence to their angular accelerations:
[tex]E_i = E_f + K_1 + K_2 + K_3 + K_4 + K_5[/tex]
Substituting the expressions for the kinetic energy and simplifying, we obtain:
[tex]w_1 = w_2 = w_3 = w_4 = w_5 = \sqrt{2g (\frac{U_t_o_t_a_l}{5I})} = 1.023 rad/s[/tex]
Finally, the angular acceleration of each pulley is given by:
[tex]\alpha_1 = \alpha _2 =\alpha _3 = \alpha_4 = \alpha_5 = \frac{w}{t} =\frac{w}{2\pi} = 0.163 rad/s^2[/tex]
Therefore, the angular acceleration of each pulley is 0.163 rad/s^2.
What is mass? Write two differences between fundament .
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and is a fundamental property of matter. Fundamental forces refer to the interactions between particles, whereas fundamental particles are the building blocks of matter.
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, usually measured in kilograms (kg). It is a fundamental property of matter that does not change with location or gravitational forces.
Two differences between fundamental forces and fundamental particles are:
1. Fundamental forces refer to the interactions between particles, whereas fundamental particles are the building blocks of matter that makeup everything in the universe.
2. There are four fundamental forces - gravitational, electromagnetic, weak nuclear, and strong nuclear - while there are six types of fundamental particles - quarks, leptons, bosons, neutrinos, antimatter particles, and Higgs bosons.
Therefore,A fundamental characteristic of matter is mass, which is a measurement of how much matter there is in an item. Fundamental particles are the building components of matter, whereas fundamental forces relate to the interactions between particles.
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The _________ is deep inside the star but not hot enough to produce fusion. Heat is carried through it by radiation.
A. Convective zone
B. Core
C. Radiative zone
D. Corona
The radiative zone is deep inside the star but not hot enough to produce fusion. Heat is carried through it by radiation. Thus, option C is correct.
A stellar core is a dense and extremely hot region in the center of the star. In the region of the core, temperature, and pressure is responsible for the nuclear fusion takes place. The next inner layer is a radiative zone which is present outside of the core. The light emitted by nuclear fusion travels out to the next layer of the zone called a radiative zone.
The convection zone is made up of plasma and in the convective zone, the convection process takes place. The convective zone is unstable as the flux of matter travels from the hottest region to the coldest region. The corona forms the outermost layer of the star where fusion is not taking place.
Thus, the correct option is C) Radiative zone.
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a parallel-plate capacitor consist of plates of area 1.5 *10^-4 m^2 and separation by 1.00mm. the capacitor is connected to a 12-V battery. What is the charge on the plates
The plates are charged to 1.593 10-9 C.
Calculation-
A parallel-plate capacitor's capacitance is determined by:
C = ∈0 A / d
where A is the area of the plates, d is the distance between them, and 0 is the electric constant, also referred to as the permittivity of empty space.
Inputting the values provided yields:
C = (8.85 × [tex]10^-12[/tex] F/m) * 1.5 × [tex]10^-4[/tex] [tex]m^2 / (1.00 × 10^-3 m) = 1.3275 × 10^-10 F[/tex]
Charges are placed on the plates by:
Q = CV
V stands for the voltage applied across the plates. Inputting the values provided yields:
[tex]Q = (1.3275 × 10^-10 F) * 12 V = 1.593 × 10^-9 C[/tex]
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Two parallel plates of area 5.68∙10-³ m²
have equal and opposite charges of
4.38 10-11 C placed on them. What is
the electric field between the plates?
[?] N/C
the electric field between the plates is 436.7 N/C.
How do we calculate?The electric field between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is given by:
E = σ/ε₀
where σ is the surface charge density and ε₀ is the permittivity of free space.
surface charge density =
σ = Q/A
σ = Q/A = (2 × 4.38 × 10^-11 C) / (2 × 5.68 × 10^-3 m²) = 3.861 × 10^-6 C/m²
We substitute this value of σ and the value of
ε₀ = 8.85 × 10^-12 F/m, we get:
E = σ/ε₀
E = (3.861 × 10^-6 C/m²) / (8.85 × 10^-12 F/m)
E = 436.7 N/C
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A narrow white light ray is incident on a block of fused quartz at an angle of 39.1°. Find the angular width of the light ray inside the quartz. (The refraction index is 1.47 at 400nm and 1.458 at 700nm). Answer in units of °.
The angular width of the light ray inside the fused quartz is 52.4°.
What is angular width?
Angular width is the measure of the size or extent of an object or phenomenon as it appears to an observer, expressed in angular units (such as degrees). It is the angle subtended by the object or phenomenon at the observer's eye. In optics, angular width is often used to describe the apparent size of an object or image viewed through a lens or other optical instrument.
The angular width of the light ray inside the fused quartz can be found using the formula:
θ2 = [tex]Sin^{-1}(n2/n1 * sin(θ1))[/tex]
where θ1 is the angle of incidence, n1 is the refractive index of the medium outside the quartz (assumed to be air, which has a refractive index of 1), n2 is the refractive index of the quartz, and θ2 is the angle of refraction.
To find θ2, we need to first find the average refractive index of the quartz for the narrow white light ray. We can use the formula:
[tex]n_{avg}[/tex] = ([tex]n_{blue}[/tex] + [tex]n_{red}[/tex]) / 2
where n_blue is the refractive index for blue light (400 nm) and n_red is the refractive index for red light (700 nm).
[tex]n_{avg}[/tex] = (1.47 + 1.458) / 2 = 1.464
Now we can plug in the values and solve for θ2:
θ2 = [tex]Sin^{-1}(1.464/1 * sin(39.1°))[/tex] = 52.4°
Therefore, the angular width of the light ray inside the fused quartz is 52.4°.
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explain why one uses a lot of energy when blowing air in to a balloon for the first time
A can (355 mL) of Coke has 140 "food calories" (1 food calorie = 1 kcal). How many equivalently sized cans worth of water could be brought to a boil using the energy in a single Coke? Assume the water is initially at room temperature (20°C). The density of water is 1000 kg/m3.
The number of cans would be approximately 5 cans
How to solve for the energyThe energy required to bring a certain amount of water to a boil can be calculated using the specific heat capacity of water, which is 4.184 J/g°C. The energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius is 4.184 J.
To find out how many cans of water could be brought to a boil using the energy in one can of Coke, we need to calculate the total energy in one can of Coke, and then divide that by the energy required to bring one can of water to a boil.
First, let's convert the volume of the can from milliliters to liters:
355 mL = 0.355 L
The mass of the Coke in the can can be found using its density, which is approximately 1 g/mL:
mass = volume x density = 0.355 L x 1 g/mL = 0.355 kg
The energy in the can of Coke can be calculated using the number of food calories it contains:
energy = 140 food calories x 1000 cal/kcal x 4.184 J/cal = 585,760 J
To find out how many cans of water could be brought to a boil using this energy, we need to calculate the energy required to bring one can of water to a boil:
energy required = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
For one can of water, the mass is:
mass = volume x density = 0.355 L x 1000 g/L = 355 g
The temperature change required to bring the water to a boil from room temperature (20°C) is:
temperature change = boiling point of water - room temperature = 100°C - 20°C = 80°C
Therefore, the energy required to bring one can of water to a boil is:
energy required = 355 g x 4.184 J/g°C x 80°C = 118,782 J
Finally, we can find out how many cans of water could be brought to a boil using the energy in one can of Coke:
number of cans of water = energy in Coke / energy required per can of water
number of cans of water = 585,760 J / 118,782 J = 4.93
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Which of the following measurements is most precise?which one is the most accurate?Please explain
A
4.00 mm
B
4.00 cm
C
4.00 m
D
40.00 m
The 4.00 mm measurement is the most precise, but without knowing the true or accepted value, it is impossible to determine which measurement is the most accurate.
What is precision and accuracy?Precision refers to how close repeated measurements are to each other, while accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true or accepted value.
A 4.00 mm measurement has the highest level of precision, as it includes two decimal places, meaning it is accurate to 0.01 mm. However, its accuracy would depend on what the true or accepted value is, which is not provided in the question.
A 4.00 m measurement has the lowest level of precision, as it only includes two significant figures, meaning it is accurate to 0.01 m. However, it may be more accurate than the other measurements if the true or accepted value is closer to 4.00 m than to the other values.
A 40.00 m measurement has the same level of precision as the 4.00 cm measurement, but it is more accurate than the other measurements as it is closer to the true or accepted value of 40.00 m.
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In mirror 1 of two 110° superimposed mirrors
If the rays of the sun fall at an angle of a = 60°, 2nd
What is the difference between thinking in the mirror?
In the case of two superimposed mirrors, the virtual image will be a reflection of the original object, with the angle between the object and its virtual image depending on the angle between the mirrors.
How to solveIf you are referring to two superimposed mirrors with an angle of 110° between them, and sunlight is striking the first mirror at an angle of 60°, then you might be looking to calculate the angle of reflection.
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. In this case, the angle of incidence, a, is 60°, so the angle of reflection will also be 60°. However, this angle is measured with respect to the normal (a perpendicular line to the mirror's surface), not with respect to the mirror itself.
The difference between thinking in the mirror might refer to the virtual image created by the mirror. In the case of two superimposed mirrors, the virtual image will be a reflection of the original object, with the angle between the object and its virtual image depending on the angle between the mirrors.
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How many volts are required to move a current of 3 A through a resistor of 1000 Ohms?
3000 volts are required to move a current of 3 A through a resistor of 1000 Ohms.
Ohm's law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, given a constant temperature and other conditions. The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance is expressed mathematically as V = IR, where V is the voltage across the conductor, I is the current flowing through it, and R is the resistance of the conductor.
Using Ohm's law, we can find the voltage required to move a current of 3 A through a resistor of 1000 Ohms:
V = I * R
where V is the voltage, I is the current, and R is the resistance.
Substituting the given values, we get:
V = 3 A * 1000 Ohms = 3000 volts
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Please help answer questions
The following statement is NOT an example of a heteronormative society, Asking a heterosexual person "when did you know you were straight?" Option d is correct.
The other options all reflect the ways in which society assumes heterosexuality as the default or normal sexual orientation, thereby marginalizing those who identify as LGBTQIA+. For example, asking a homosexual person "when did you know you were gay?" assumes that being gay is a deviation from the norm and requires an explanation, while assuming a person is "straight" until they come "out" as homosexual reinforces the idea that heterosexuality is the norm.
Similarly, the portrayal of most couples in the media as heterosexual reinforces the idea that heterosexuality is the default. In contrast, asking a heterosexual person "when did you know you were straight?" does not reinforce heteronormativity, as it is a question that is less commonly asked and does not assume that being straight is the norm. Option d is correct.
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Please answer this question, I’ll give brainliest if it’s correct!
Q7. A 230 kg piano must be lifted onto a stage that is 1.7 m high.
(a) If the piano is lifted straight up by some very strong people, how much force must they apply? [2 marks]
(b) How much work have they done? [2 marks]
(c) If the stage-crew only need to apply a force of 300 N to get the piano onto the stage if they use a 15 m ramp. How much work is done using the ramp? [2 marks]
(d) What is the efficiency of the ramp? [2 marks]
(e) You should notice that the force needed to lift the piano in A is larger than the force needed to lift the piano in C. How is it possible that the piano can be raised with much less force when the incline is used? (In other words, what is the "trade-off" of using an inclined ramp?) [2 marks]
If H0 = 70 km/s/Mpc , estimate the distance between the intervening galaxies responsible for the two sets of lines.
The spectrum of a quasar with a redshift of 0.20 contains two sets of absorption lines, redshifted by 0.17 and 0.180, respectively.
The estimated distance between the intervening galaxies responsible for the two sets of lines is between 729 and 771 Mpc.
What is the Hubble law?We can use the Hubble's law, which relates the recession velocity of a galaxy to its distance, to estimate the distance between the intervening galaxies responsible for the two sets of lines.
The Hubble's law is given by:
v = H0 × d
where v is the recession velocity of the galaxy, d is the distance to the galaxy, and H0 is the Hubble constant.
We are given that the quasar has a redshift of 0.20, which corresponds to a recession velocity of:
v = z × c
where z is the redshift and c is the speed of light. Substituting the given values, we get:
v = 0.20 × 3 × 10^5 km/s = 60,000 km/s
We are also given that the two sets of absorption lines are redshifted by 0.17 and 0.180, respectively. This means that the intervening galaxies responsible for the absorption lines are receding away from us at velocities of:
v1 = z1 × c = 0.17 × 3 × 10^5 km/s = 51,000 km/s
v2 = z2 × c = 0.180 × 3 × 10^5 km/s = 54,000 km/s
Using the Hubble's law, we can estimate the distances to the galaxies:
d1 = v1 / H0 = 51,000 km/s / 70 km/s/Mpc = 729 Mpc
d2 = v2 / H0 = 54,000 km/s / 70 km/s/Mpc = 771 Mpc
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The estimated distance between the intervening galaxies responsible for the two sets of lines is between 729 and 771 Mpc.
What is the Hubble law?We can use the Hubble's law, which relates the recession velocity of a galaxy to its distance, to estimate the distance between the intervening galaxies responsible for the two sets of lines.
The Hubble's law is given by:
v = H0 × d
where v is the recession velocity of the galaxy, d is the distance to the galaxy, and H0 is the Hubble constant.
We are given that the quasar has a redshift of 0.20, which corresponds to a recession velocity of:
v = z × c
where z is the redshift and c is the speed of light. Substituting the given values, we get:
v = 0.20 × 3 × 10^5 km/s = 60,000 km/s
We are also given that the two sets of absorption lines are redshifted by 0.17 and 0.180, respectively. This means that the intervening galaxies responsible for the absorption lines are receding away from us at velocities of:
v1 = z1 × c = 0.17 × 3 × 10^5 km/s = 51,000 km/s
v2 = z2 × c = 0.180 × 3 × 10^5 km/s = 54,000 km/s
Using the Hubble's law, we can estimate the distances to the galaxies:
d1 = v1 / H0 = 51,000 km/s / 70 km/s/Mpc = 729 Mpc
d2 = v2 / H0 = 54,000 km/s / 70 km/s/Mpc = 771 Mpc
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