Answer: 35.4 g/mol ; 16g/mol ; 30.07g/mol ; 32g/mol ; 16g/mol ; 32g/mol
Explanation: For CH4 : C=12g/mol ; H = 2g/mol
Hence CH4 is 16g/mol
For C2H6 : C = 12g/mol ; H = 2g/mol
Hence C2H6 is 30.07g/mol
For O2 : O = 16g/mol
Hence for O2 is 32g/mol
Create an energy transformation for using a flashlight to see in the dark. Ex: Electrical to Sound
In order to use a flashlight to see in the dark, the flashlight must first transform the electrical energy it receives from batteries into light energy.
What is flashlight?
A portable hand-held electric lamp is known as a torch (UK, Australia), or a flashlight (US, Canada). The light source used to typically be a tiny incandescent light bulb, but since the mid-2000s, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have taken their place. A typical flashlight is made up of a light source mounted inside a reflector, a transparent cover to shield the light source as well as reflector, a battery, a switch, and sometimes a lens. All of these components are housed in a case. Around 1899, the development of dry cells and tiny incandescent electric lamps made the first battery-operated flashlights feasible. Today's flashlights run on disposable as well as rechargeable batteries and mostly use light-emitting diodes. Some require the user to turn a crank, shake the lamp, or squeeze it in order to operate. Some batteries can be recharged using solar panels.
In order to use a flashlight to see in the dark, the flashlight must first transform the electrical energy it receives from batteries into light energy. This light energy is then emitted from the flashlight in a concentrated beam, which illuminates the area in front of the person using the flashlight and allows them to see in the dark.
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which results in a higher vapor pressure? a) stronger intermolecular forces b) weaker intermolecular forces
Substances with weak intermolecular forces will have higher vapor pressure
Vapor pressure is the measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapor state, and it increases with temperature. So, the temperature at which the vapor pressure at the surface of a liquid becomes equal to the pressure exerted by the surroundings is called the boiling point of the liquid. Or we can simply say that the when a liquid is boiling its vapor pressure is equal to the external pressure.
In the above given case we are comparing the intermolecular forces and understanding the concept of vapor pressure. So, vapor pressure of liquid is said to be inversely proportional to the intermolecular forces between the atoms of the liquid. This relation means that if the liquid has stronger intermolecular forces than the rate of evaporation of liquid will be very low and hence it causes lower vapor pressure.
But whereas if the intermolecular forces are weaker then the rate of evaporation of the liquid will be high and therefore it vaporizes fast which results in higher vapor pressure.
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A lever has a 36 cm input arm and a 6 cm output arm. Find MA.
The mechanical advantage of the lever that has a 36 cm input arm and a 6 cm output arm is 0.167.
What is mechanical advantage?Mechanical advantage is the ratio of the output force produced by a machine (especially a simple machine) to the applied input force.
This means that mechanical advantage of a machine can be calculated by dividing the output force by the input force as follows:
MA = Fb/Fa
Where;
MA is the mechanical advantageFb = force of the objectFa = effort to overcome the force of the objectAccording to this question, a lever has a 36 cm input arm and a 6 cm output arm. The mechanical advantage can be calculated as follows;
MA = 6cm ÷ 36cm
MA = 0.167
Therefore, 0.167 is the mechanical advantage of the lever.
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vapor pressure will increase with:
Vapor pressure will increase with Temperature.
What does vapor pressure mean exactly?
The vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure at which a vapor and its liquid (or solid) are at equilibrium, or the pressure at which a sample of a liquid (or solid) evaporates in a closed container to produce a vapor.
Vapor pressure for liquids is influenced by the following variables: Intermolecular Force and Temperature
The molecules of a liquid begin to move more quickly as the temperature rises. More vapor pressure is produced as a result of the production of gas. As a result, vapor pressure and temperature are directly related. The related graph will be a straight line graph since temperature and vapor pressure are directly proportional to one another.
Hence, Vapor pressure will increase with Temperature.
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A student is reacting magnesium and hydrochloric acid by placing a strip of Mg
metal into a beaker containing HCL solution. Which of the following would
increase the rate of reaction between the Mg and the HCL?
removing some of the HCL solution from the beaker
freezing the Mg strip before adding it to the beaker
cutting the Mg strip into smaller pieces
adding less HCl to the initial solution
For the student who is reacting magnesium and hydrochloric acid by placing a strip of Mg metal into a beaker containing HCl solution, the rate of reaction between the Mg and the HCl will be increased by:
cutting the Mg strip into smaller pieces; option CWhat is the rate of a chemical reaction?The rate of a chemical reaction is the rate at which the reactant molecule is converted or the rate at which product molecules are formed.
Mathematically;
Reaction rate = mole of reactants converted or mole of product formed / time takenThe factors that affect the rate of a reaction are:
temperaturepressureconcentrationpresence of a catalystthe surface area of the reactants - reaction rate increases with an increase in the surface area of the reactantsIn the given reaction, the surface area of the reactants can be increased by cutting the magnesium metal strips into smaller pieces thus, increasing the reaction rate.
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Answer:
It C smh smh
Explanation:
Usatest prep and expert explanation
Which geologic law has igneous inclusions?
Answer:
James Hutton described the Law of Inclusions, which states that if one rock body (Rock B) contains fragments from another rock body (Rock A), then Rock B must be younger than the bits of rock it has.Garnets commonly contain many inclusions
Rubber is considered a(n) _______
solid because it does not melt at a distinct temperature
Answer: amorphous
Explanation:
Amorphous solids don't have an organized structure and therefore don't have a definite melting point. They slowly soften and melt as the temperature increases.
8. Draw the lewis dot diagram for the following electron configuration
1s² 2s² 2p 3s² 3p6 4s²3d¹d 4p5
Answer:
Bromine has 7 electrons but to complete the octet you add one more electron so it has a net charge of 1-
Explanation:
A zinc production company uses the following chemical reaction:
Aqueous Solution
Ca
Calcium
15 g
ZnCO₂
Zinc carbonate
25 g
Aqueous Solution
CaCO₂
Calcium carbonate
35 g
What mass of zinc can the company expect to produce?
+
Zn
Zinc
29
The mass of zinc that the company can expect to produce is 5g.
The reaction is given as follows:
Ca + ZnCO₂ → Zn + CaCO₃
15g 25g ? g 35g
To find: mass of zn
The above given reaction is an example of a displacement reaction.
According to law of conservation of mass, in a chemical reaction the mass of reactants is equal to the mass of products.
Here, mass of reactants
= mass of Ca + mass of ZnCO₂
= 15g + 25g
mass of products
= mass of Zn + mass of CaCO₃
=mass of Zn + 35g
∵ mass of reactants = mass of products
⇒ 15g + 25g= mass of Zn + 35g
⇒mass of Zn = (15+25)g - 35g
⇒mass of Zn = 40g- 35g
⇒mass of Zn = 5g
Hence, 5g of Zinc is expected to be produced.
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How can you tell if a compound is covalent by looking at the name?
There will be numerical prefixes.
There will be a metal.
There's no way to tell.
There will be roman numerals.
Answer:
Explanation:
How do I calculate the bond order for H2- and H2+?
The bond order for H2- and H2+ is calculated using the molecular orbital (MO) diagram.
Bond order: what is it?
Bond order quantifies the stability of a bond by specifying the number of chemical bonds that exist between two atoms.Bond orders range from 1 for a single covalent bond between two atoms through 2 for a double covalent bond, 3 for a triple covalent bond, and so forth.If a molecule contains more than two atoms, the bond order must be determined by-
Sketch out the Lewis framework.Add up the number of ties.Count the total number of bond groups that each atom is connected to.Add the amount of atom-to-atom bonds to the total number of bond groups in the molecule, then subtract the result.If there is no order in the bonds, molecules cannot form.
A higher bond indicates that there is more electron attraction. When the bond order is higher, the atoms are more tightly bound. When the bond order is lower, there is less electron attraction, which results in a looser bond holding the atoms together. The stability of a bond is also revealed by bond order. Higher bond order and greater stability result from more electrons holding the atoms together.Create a schematic of the molecular orbitals (MO). As one electron is contributed by each hydrogen atom, H2 + has one electron while H2 - has three.
The result of calculating their bond order is:
Bond Order H 2+ = 1/2 x ( Bonding Antibonding ) = 1 /2 x ( 1 0 ) = 1 /2
Bond Order H 2- = 1/ 2 x ( Bonding Antibonding ) = 1/2 x ( 2 1 ) = 1/2 x 1 = 1/2
Both are equally stable, so neither is more so. However, they are unavoidably less stable than H2 .
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in a lead chloride (pbcl2) saturated solution at an elevated temperature, the chloride ion concentration, [cl-], is 4.20 * 10^-2 m. what is the value of ksp for pbcl2 at this temperature?
To learn about the saturated solution and concentration to find the value of Ksp.
What is saturated solution?
When a solution has dissolved all of the solute it is capable of removing, it is said to be saturated. At a certain temperature, a saturated solution cannot dissolve any more solute. We can create a saturated solution by continuing to dissolve the solute until no more can be done.
What is concentration?
In chemistry and related fields, the idea of concentration is used frequently. It is a way to gauge how much of one substance is incorporated into another.
The ionic compound lead(II) chloride, or PbCl2, does not completely dissociate into lead(II) cations and chloride anions when placed in aqueous solution.
Instead of completely dissociating, a state of equilibrium will be established between the solid lead (II) chloride and the dissolved ions under the control of the solubility product constant, K sp.
PbCl 2(s) + 2 Cl (aq] Pb 2 + (aq]
The compound's molar solubility, or s in moles, represents the amount of lead(II) chloride that will dissolve in aqueous solution at a given temperature.
A mole of lead II chloride will result in the production of 1 mole of lead II cations and 2 moles of chloride anions. To determine the molar solubility of the solid, use an ICE table.
PbCl 2(s) + 2 Cl (aq] Pb 2 + (aq]
I 0 0
C (+s) (+2s)
E s 2s
According to the definition, the solubility product constant will equal
Ksp = (pb²⁺) (cl⁻)²
Ksp = s⋅ (2s)²= 4s³
As a result, lead (II) chloride will have a molar solubility of
4s³=1.6⋅10⁻⁵⇒ s= [tex]\sqrt[3]{1.6/4*10^-5}[/tex] = 0.0159 M.
Therefore, the value of ksp for pbcl2 at this temperature is 0.0159 M.
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which one of the following will form a basic solution in water? which one of the following will form a basic solution in water? kclo2 nac2h3o2 libro licn all of the above will form basic solutions.
KClO₂, NaC₂H₃O₂, LiBrO, and LiCN will form basic solutions.
How is a basic solution formed?
A basic solution can be created easily. A solid base is dissolved in water to create a basic solution. Water reacts with some solid bases as a result, producing hydroxide ions. For instance, when water (H2O) is exposed to NaOH, the reaction results in Na+ and OH-.
LiBrO in an aqueous solution is basic. This conjugate base creates hydroxide ions when it is in equilibrium with the water.
Salt that is basic is NaC₂H₃O₂. Salts produced by the interaction of a strong base and a weak acid are typically basic. The solution will be basic.
The potassium ion in KClO₂ does not hydrolyze in water. Due to the ionization of ClO−2 C l O 2 − hydroxide ions are formed. This results in a solution with a basic pH value. Similarly, LiCN is also basic in water.
Hence, the answer is all of the above.
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When 0. 485 g of compound x is burned completely in a bomb calorimeter containing 3000 g of water, a temperature rise of 0. 285°c is observed. What is δu of the reaction for the combustion of compound x? the hardware component of the calorimeter has a heat capacity of 3. 81 kj/°c. The specific heat of water is 4. 184 j/g·°c, and the mw of x is 56. 0 g/mol.
ΔU of the reaction the combustion of compound x is -538 kJ/mol
Combustion is a reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen gas and releasing energy in the form of light and heat
Here given data is
Mass of compound x = 0.485gram
Mass of water = 3000gram
Temprature rise = 0. 285°C
Heat capacity of the calorimeter = 3. 81 kJ/°C
Specific heat of water = 4. 184 J/g·°C
MW of x = 56. 0 g/mol
Then calculate q
ΔU = ΔH -PΔV
The bomb calorimeter has a constant volume ΔV = 0
ΔU = ΔH
q reaction = q(water + q(bomb)
q(bomb) = 3810J/°C×0.285 = 1085.85J
q(water) = 3000g × 4. 184 J/g·°C×0.285°C = 3577.32 J
q reaction = q(water) + q(bomb)
q reaction = 4663.17 J = 4.66kJ means this is an exothermic
Then calculate moles of compound
Moles = mass/molar mass
Moles = 0.485 g/56.0g/mol
Moles = 0.00866 moles
Then calculate ΔU
ΔU = 4663.17 J/0.00866 moles = 538472 j/mol = 538.5kJ/mol means the reaction is exothermic
ΔU = -538kJ/mol
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Which phase change is exothermic?
condensation
melting
sublimation
vaporization
The phase change that is exothermic is option A: condensation
Does condensation produce heat?The molecules give up their thermal energy during condensation. Exothermic refers to the process where molecules release heat energy. Exothermic condensation would result. Keep in mind that thermic refers to "heat," while exo means "to leave."
Note that The best illustration of condensation—where water vapor transforms back into liquid water—are those huge, fluffy clouds hovering above your head. Additionally, as the water droplets in a cloud unite, they grow sufficiently heavy to create raindrops that can fall directly upon your head.
Therefore, While freezing, condensation, and deposition are exothermic processes, fusion, vaporization, as well as sublimation are endothermic processes. Phase changes, also known as phase transitions, include changes in state.
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what kind of change does a substance undergo without altering the molecules or atoms that are present?
Physical change does not alters the molecule or atoms that are present.
Physical changes are those changes that do not alter the identity of the molecules or atoms that are taking part in the chemical reaction. Or we can say that physical changes are changes in which no bonds are broken or formed. This means that the same types of compounds or elements that were present at the beginning of the change are there at the end of the change as well. Because the ending materials are the same as the beginning materials, the properties (such as color, boiling point, etc.) will also be the same. Physical changes also involve moving molecules around, but not changing them.
Whereas Chemical changes occur when bonds are broken and are formed between molecules or atoms. This means that one substance with a certain set of properties (such as melting point, color, taste, etc) is turned into a different substance which have different properties. Chemical changes are frequently harder to reverse than physical changes.
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Compare the behavior of the particles in hot tea with the behavior of the particles in ice
cream. How are they similar? How are they different?
Explanation:
Absolute zero is the temperature at which particles have theoretically zero kinetic energy.
The higher temperature of the hot tea means that the water molecules in the tea will move faster on average than the water molecules in ice cream.
chemical A has a mass of 5 grams and chemical B has a mass of 10 grams. if two chemicals are mixed and a complete chemical reaction occurs what is the total mass of the products
The mass of the products when 5g of a chemical A is combined with 5g of chemical B is 10g.
What is law of conservation of mass?The law of conservation of mass is a law of classical physics that states that the total mass of a closed system remains constant regardless of the chemical or physical changes that take place within it.
The law explains that a mass in an isolated system can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed from one form to another”.
This means that in a chemical reaction, the mass of the reactants must be equal to the mass of the products.
According to this question, chemical A has a mass of 5 grams and chemical B has a mass of 10 grams. If these two chemicals are mixed and a complete chemical reaction occurs, the total mass of the products in accordance with the law of conservation of mass is 5g + 5g = 10 grams.
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Solid aluminum has a specific heat capacity of 0.90 J/ gxK. How many joules of heat are absorbed to raise the temperature of 24.0 grams of aluminum from 300. K to 350. K?
1. 22 J
2. 45 J
3. 1100 J
4. 1200 J
Answer:: 1100 j
Explanation:
Solid aluminum has a specific heat capacity of 0.90 J/ gK joules of heat are absorbed to raise the temperature of 24.0 grams of aluminum from 300. K to 350. K is 11.080 J
Heat is the transfer of kinetic energy from one medium or object to another from an energy source to a medium or object
Here given data is
Specific heat capacity = 0.90 J/gK
Temperature = 300. K to 350. K = 350 - 300 = 50 K
Mass = 24.0 grams
We have to calculate the heat = ?
Q =mCΔT
Q = 24.0 grams× 0.90×50 K
Q = 11.080 J
11.080 J heat are absorbed to raise the temperature
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Why can you use the ph information at the half-equivalence point in a titration of a weak acid with a strong base to determine the ka of the weak acid?.
The quantity weak acid present in solution is equal to the quantity of conjugate base created at the half equivalence point.
For weak acid/strong base titrations, the pH at the equivalence point is >7. This is because the solution consists of water, strong base (neutral) cations, and weak acid (base) anions. The pH at half the equivalence point volume (half the equivalence point) is the pKa.
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each element possesses unique chemical and physical properties. truefalse
True each element possesses unique physical and chemical properties.
An element's properties are based on its atomic numbers, atomic masses, and electron configurations. An element is a pure substance consisting of only one type of atom which all have the same number of protons in their nuclei. A substance whose atoms all contain the same number of protons is said to be an element; alternatively, all the atoms of a particular element must contain the same number of protons. Chemical reactions cannot degrade elements because they are the simplest chemical forms. The two main classes of elements are metals and non-metals.
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what is the concentration (in m) of a sample of the unknown dye with an absorbance of 0.15 at 542 nm?
Using the regression equation, the concentration of a sample with an absorbance of 0.25 is 1.76*10^-5M
Using the regression equation obtained from the model,
y = 15200x - 0.018
y = absorbance. x = Concentration
Concentration of unknown dye sample with absorbance of 0.25:
Substitute the absorbance value y = 0.25 into the equation and calculate the concentration x:
0.25 = 15200x - 0.018
side
15200x = 0.25 + 0.018
15200X = 0.268
Division by 15200
x = (0.268 ÷ 15200)
x= 1.76*10^-5M, which is the concentration of the sample.
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Assume you are performing the calibration step of experiment 8 and you begin with 30 g of water at 20 oc and 30 g of water at 80 oc. After adding the two portions of water into your calorimeter setup and following the procedure outlined in the experiment, you determine the temperature of the mixed portions of water to be 45 oc. What is the heat capacity of the calorimeter?.
The heat capacity of calorimeter is 133.76 J/c.
What is calorimeter?
A calorimeter is a device used in calorimetry, a procedure for calculating heat capacity and trying to measure the heat of chemical reactions or even other physical changes. Among the most popular kinds are dsc calorimeters, isothermal micro calorimeters, titrimetric calorimeters, and accelerated rate calorimeters. A straightforward calorimeter is just a metal container with a thermometer suspended beyond a combustion chamber. It's one of the measurement tools used in the research of chemistry, biochemistry, and thermodynamics. The two substances A and B are separately added to a calorimeter, and the original and final temperatures are recorded, in order to determine the enthalpy change per mole of substance A in a reaction between those two substances.
We know:
mw Cw Ow = mc Cc delOc + Ccal delc
80g * 4.18/gc * (80-45)C = 80g * 4.18J/g * (45-20) + Ccal *(45-20)
= 11704J = 8360 + Ccal (25)
= 133.76 j/c
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4. the distillation vapor was condensed and collected. suppose that one mole of distillate is collected. how many moles of anisole and water would be present in the condensate? how many grams of each? how many ml of each? (mw of anisole
Learn more about distillation and condensation process.
What is distillation?
Distillation is a process in which a liquid is transformed into a vapor and then condensed back into a liquid state. The simplest illustration of it is when distilled water drops are left on a chilly surface after being deposited as steam from a kettle.
What is condensation?
The process by which matter transitions from its initial gaseous form into its liquid state is known as condensation. For instance, condensation happens when airborne water vapor (in its gaseous form) makes the transition to liquid water upon coming into contact with a cooler surface.
Given density of isoamyl acetate = 0.88g/ml
volume of isoamyl acetate = 75 ml
MW of isoamyl acetate = 130.2g/ml
Therefore, no.of moles =mass/ molar mass
and mass = density*volume
Therefore, no.of moles = density*volume/molar mass
= 0.88g/ml*75 ml/130.2g/ml
=0.55 moles
similarly for methyl benzoate
no. of methyl benzoate = 1.09g/ml*115ml/136.2gml
=0.92 moles.
Boiling point of isoamyl acetate = 142°c (vaporize first)
Boiling point of methyl benzoate= 199.6°c (moves down)
mole fraction of isoamyl acetate = 0.51/0.57+0.92
=0.357
mole fraction of the methyl benzoate = 0.643
%of isoamyl acetate= 35.7%
%of methyl benzoate= 64.3%
mole ratio= 35.7:64.3
Initial boiling point 166°c
composition of vapor in equilibrium with liquid 75: 25 (using theoretical plate1)
↓ ↓
IA MB
Re vaporization at 145°c
composition of vapor, at 145°c
95:5 ( using theoretical plate 2)
↓ ↓
IA MB
Condensate⇒ low density mixture
% composition of Condensate= 95%
(IA) using two theoretical plates
Therefore, Condensate is 95%
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What are the first 20 elements A?
Answer:
The first 20 Elements of the Periodic Table: Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium.
Explanation:
hope this helps:)
The first 20 Elements of the Periodic Table are given below:
What is an element?
A chemical element is a type of atom with a particular number of protons in the nucleus, such as the specific compound made up entirely of that species. Chemical elements, unlike chemical compounds, cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical reaction. The number of protons in the nucleus is an element's defining attribute, and it is symbolised by the symbol Z - all atoms with the same atomic number are atoms of the same element. Atoms are rearranged into new compounds linked together by chemical bonds when various elements undergo chemical reactions.
The first 20 Elements of the Periodic Table are given below:
Hydrogen (atomic number 1), Helium (atomic number 2), Lithium (atomic number 3), Beryllium (atomic number 4), Boron (atomic number 5), Carbon (atomic number 6), Nitrogen (atomic number 7), Oxygen (atomic number 8), Fluorine (atomic number 9), Neon (atomic number 10), Sodium (atomic number 11), Magnesium (atomic number 12), Aluminium (atomic number 13), Silicon (atomic number 14), Phosphorus (atomic number 15), Sulphur (atomic number 16), Chlorine (atomic number 17), Argon (atomic number 18), Potassium (atomic number 19), Calcium (atomic number 20).
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calculate the mass of mgco3 precipitated by mixing 10.00 ml of a 0.200 m na2co3 solution with 5.00 ml of a 0.0650 m mg(no3)2 solution.
The mass of Magnesium carbonate is 0.275 g.
The balanced chemical reaction is shown below,
Na₂CO₃ + Mg(NO₃)₂ → 2 NaNO₃ + MgCO₃
0.200 M 0.0650 M ?
10.0 5.00 mL ?
Since the volume and concentration of Mg(NO₃)₂ and Na₂CO₃ is given, we can calculate the number of moles for each of them and then determine the limiting reagent.
Convert the volume of Mg(NO₃)₂and Na₂CO₃ to liters:
5.00 mL x ( 1 L/1000 mL ) = 5.00 x 10⁻³ L
10.00 mL x ( 1L/ 1000 mL ) = 1.000 x 10 ⁻² L
Number of mol Mg(NO₃)₂ = (0.0650 mol /L) x 5.00 x 10⁻³ L
= 3.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol Mg(NO₃)₂
Number of mol Na₂CO₃ = (0.200 mol / L) x 1 x 10⁻² L
= 2.000 x 10⁻³ mol Na₂CO₃
Limiting reagent = 3.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol Mg(NO₃)₂ x ( 1 mol Na₂CO₃ / mol Mg(NO₃)₂ )
= 3.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol Na₂CO₃ required .
Limiting reagent is Mg(NO₃)₂ since 2.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol Na₂CO₃ is required to
react completely with 2.25 x 10⁻⁴ Mg(NO₃)₂, and there is an excess.
Number of moles of MgCO₃ produced is calculates as follows:
= 3.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol Mg(NO₃)₂ x ( 1 mol MgCO₃ / 1 mol Mg(NO₃)₂ )
= 3.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol MgCO₃
The formula for calculating number of moles is given as :
Mole = mass/molar mass
⇒ Mass= Mole × molar mass
Mass = 3.25 x 10⁻⁴ mol MgCO₃ x 84.31 g/mol
= 0.275 g
Hence, the mass of MgCO₃ is 0.275 g
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Determine the order of steps in the mechanism of acid-catalyzed hydration of propene.
There are 3 major steps involved in the mechanism of acid-catalyzed hydration of propene they are formation of carbocation, nucleophile attacks on carbocation and Deprotonation to form alcohol.
Acid catalyzed hydration is the process of breaking of a pi bond in an alkene or alkyne so that water can be added. It is an electrophilic hydration reaction because the water molecule acts as an electrophile once it has been protonated by the acid. It is an acid-catalyzed reaction because the acid, such as sulfuric acid, acts as a catalyst here.
There are 3 major steps involved in the mechanism of acid-catalyzed hydration of propene. They are as follows;
1. Carbocation formation from propene which is formed by attack of [tex]H_3O^{+}[/tex] ion.
2. In the next step nucleophile attacks the carbocation that is formed.
3. Next step is deprotonation takes place where water molecule is removed to form respective alcohol that is propanol
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a bomb calorimeter has a heat capacity of 2.47 kj/k. when a 0.106-g sample of a certain hydrocarbon was burned in this calorimeter, the temperature increased by 2.14 k. calculate the energy of combustion for 1 g of the hydrocarbon.
The energy of combustion for 1 gm of the hydrocarbon is 0.56 kJ
What is a bomb calorimeter?
Bomb Calorimeter is a constant-volume calorimeter which measures the heat of a particular reaction or measures the calorific value of the fuels. They can withstand large pressure produced within the calorimeter due to the reaction or burning of fuel.
The above question can be solved by
Energy of combustion = m X c X ΔT
m = mass of hydrocarbon burnt ,
c = heat capacity of calorimeter ,
ΔT = temperature change
Energy of combustion = 0.106g X 2.47kJ/K X 2.14K = 0.56kJ
Energy of combustion when 1g of hydrocarbon is burnt = (0.56kJ / 0.106g ) X 1g = 5.28kJ
Hence, The energy of combustion for 1 gm of the hydrocarbon is 0.56 kJ
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how many moles of oxygen are formed when 82.5 g of kno3 decomposes according to the following reaction? the molar mass of kno3 is 101.11 g/mol.
The mole of oxygen are formed from KMNO3 is 0.724 mol.
calculation:-
Given the mass of KNO3 KNO3 is 82.5g
The molar mass is 101.11 g/mol.
Mole of KNO3 = 82.5g/ 101.11 g.
0.724 mol
From the balanced equation, it is clear that for every 1 mole of KNO3 K N O 3 = 54 moles of oxygen are required.
Therefore, 0.724 mol of oxygen is required for forming 82.5 g of KNO3 KNO 3.
The formula mass of a substance is defined as the sum of the atomic masses of the atoms that make up the ionic compound. It is generally used for ionic compounds that do not contain individual molecules but contain ions as building blocks. Mass can be defined as a measure of the amount of matter in the body. Weight is a measure of weight acting on the mass. The SI unit of mass is the kilogram.
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True or false: a scientific law is different from a scientific theory because it describes something in nature without attempting to explain it
A scientific law is different from a scientific theory because it describes something in nature without attempting to explain it, this statement is true.
What is difference between scientific theory and scientific law ?A scientific law foretells the outcomes of particular beginning circumstances. It may tell you what color hair your unborn kid would have or how far a baseball will go when fired at a specific angle.In contrast, a theory seeks to offer the best plausible justification for why events take place the way they do.
A scientific law often describes an observable phenomena. It doesn't explain the phenomenon's existence or its origins. A scientific theory is the explanation for a phenomena. It is untrue that with enough study, hypotheses become laws.
Thus, a scientific law is different from a scientific theory because it describes something in nature without attempting to explain it, this statement is true.
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