The VSEPR model helps in explain how electric charges affect bonding and molecular shape in covalent compounds as -
The form of many molecules and polyatomic ions can be predicted using the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model, which is pronounced "vesper." However, keep in mind that the VSEPR model, like any model, is only a partial description of reality; it doesn't reveal bond lengths or the existence of numerous bonds.
The structures of many compounds and polyatomic ions with a central metal atom can also be predicted by the VSEPR model, as can the structures of practically any molecule or polyatomic ion with a central nonmetal atom. The foundation of the VSEPR theory is the idea that electron pairs in bonds and lone pairs reject one another and would, as a result, adopt a geometry that spreads them as far apart as feasible. The three-dimensional structures of many compounds, which cannot be predicted using the Lewis electron-pair approach, can be predicted using the straightforward VSEPR counting procedure, despite the fact that this theory is oversimplified and does not take into account the subtleties of orbital interactions that influence molecular shapes.
By concentrating only on the number of electron pairs surrounding the central atom and disregarding any other valence electrons present, the VSEPR model can be used to predict the geometry of the majority of polyatomic compounds and ions. This model states that valence electrons in the Lewis structure form groups that can be made up of a single bond, a double bond, a triple bond, a lone pair of electrons, or even a single unpaired electron, which is treated as a lone pair in the VSEPR model. Electrostatic repulsion causes electrons to repel one another; hence, the arrangement of electron groups that minimises repulsions is the most stable (lowest energy). The arrangement of groups around the centre atom creates the molecular structure with the lowest energy
The molecule or polyatomic ion is designated by the letters AXmEn in the VSEPR model, where A stands for the centre atom, X for a bonding atom, E for a nonbonding valence electron group (often a lone pair of electrons), and m and n are integers. The designation of each group surrounding the centre atom as a bonding pair (BP) or lone (nonbonding) pair (LP). Both the relative locations of the atoms and the bond angles—also known as bond angles—can be predicted from the BP and LP interactions. We may characterise the molecular geometry—the configuration of the bound atoms in a molecule or polyatomic ion—using this knowledge.
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As per the VSEPR model, the lone pair present in a compound causes bending in the molecular geometry of the covalent compounds.
What is molecular geometry?
Molecular geometry can be defined as a three -dimensional arrangement of atoms which constitute the molecule.It includes parameters like bond length,bond angle and torsional angles.
It influences many properties of molecules like reactivity,polarity color,magnetism .The molecular geometry can be determined by various spectroscopic methods and diffraction methods , some of which are infrared,microwave and Raman spectroscopy.
They provide information about geometry by taking into considerations the vibrational and rotational absorbance of a substance.Neutron and electron diffraction techniques provide information about the distance between nuclei and electron density.
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. Calculate the number of moles in 5.00 × 102 g of each substance. How many molecules or formula units are present in each sample?
a. CaO (lime)
b. CaCO3(chalk)
c. C12H22O11 [sucrose (cane sugar)]
d. NaOCl (bleach)
e. CO2 (dry ice)
The number of moles in 500g of CaO, CaCO₃, C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, NaOCl, and CO₂ are 8.93, 5, 1.46, 6.71 and 11.36 moles.
What is a mole?A mole is a scientific unit that is used to determine the number of atoms, molecules, ions, etc. The number of entities in 1 mole was found 6.023 × 10 ²³ per mole which is known as Avogadro’s constant.
a) Given, the mass of each substance = 5 ×10² g
The molar mass of CaO = 56 g
The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of CaO = 500/56 = 8.93 moles
The number of molecules in 8.90 moles of CaO = 8.93× 6.023 × 10 ²³
= 53.77 ×10²⁴ formula unit
b) The molar mass of CaCO₃ = 100 g
The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of CaCO₃ = 500/100 = 5 moles
The number of molecules in 5 moles of CaO = 5× 6.023 × 10 ²³
= 3.0 ×10²⁴ formula unit
c) The molar mass of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 342.3 g/mol
The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 500/342.3 = 1.46 moles
Number of molecules in 8.90 moles of C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ = 1.46 × 6.023 × 10 ²³
= 8.8 × 10 ²³
d) The molar mass of NaOCl = 74.5 g/mol
The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of NaOCl = 500/74.5 = 6.71 moles
The number of molecules in 8.90 moles of CO₂ = 6.71× 6.023 × 10 ²³
= 4.04 ×10²⁴
e) The molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
The number of moles in 5 ×10² g of CO₂ = 500/44 = 11.36 moles
The number of molecules in 8.90 moles of CO₂ = 11.36× 6.023 × 10 ²³
= 6.84 ×10²⁴
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Can anyone please explain to me how that works?
Answer:
Explanation:
Have you done any Lewis diagrams? your picture of the drawings are kind like a Lewis diagram, showing the electrons filling of the outer shell. The outer shell balancing is what holds the atoms together in molecules. That's what you are showing in your drawing. How the atoms "stick" together.
identify the element that has the following electron configuration
The element that has the following electronic configuration are :
seleniumbrominekrypton franciuma) the atomic number of selenium is 34. the electronic configuration is given as :
electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁴
b) the atomic number of bromine is 35 . the electronic configuration is given as :
electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁵
c) the atomic number of krypton is 36 . the electronic configuration is given as :
electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶
d) the atomic number of francium is 87. the electronic configuration is given as :
electronic configuration : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p⁶ 7s¹
Thus, The element that has the following electronic configuration are :
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The X-rat on the right is pointing out an area on the back and bottom of tuts skull
Based on the x-ray, the thing that could have caused the injury in both of these images is that the wounds and cave-in of the broken bone can point to blunt force trauma, which may have resulted from a fall and hitting his head or from an animal striking him in the head.
What could have damaged King Tut's head, and how?It gave precise information necessary for a precise forensic reconstruction of King Tut. The 1,700 digitized X-ray images in cross section created by the CT scan showed the mummy from head to toe. It displayed a gray head, neck vertebrae, a hand, numerous pictures of rib cages, and a skull cut in half.
Note that researchers published its findings, concluding that the corpse's head was likely broken either during embalming or during research by archeologist Howard Carter's team, which found the mummy in 1922.
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See full question below
The x-ray on the right is pointing out an area on the back and bottom of Tut's skull. The large white part is Tut's skull. Notice the smaller white part that the arrow is pointing to. The separation between these two white areas indicate an injury to Tut's skull. What could have caused the injury in both of these images?
How to manipulite a compound microscope?
Answer:
Remove the microscope from the cabinet USING both of your hands supporting the arm and the base.Place it on a flat surface.Turn the coarse adjustment knob to raise the body tube.Revolve the nosepiece.Put it on Low-power objective. ...Adjust the diaphragm.Adjust the mirror until there is good light.Explanation:
Thanks
Answer:
Explanation:
Look at the objective lens (3) and the stage from the side and turn the focus knob (4) so the stage moves upward. Move it up as far as it will go without letting the objective touch the coverslip. Look through the eyepiece (1) and move the focus knob until the image comes into focus.
In the Calculations section you were asked to calculate the percent error in your Hess's Law determination. Discuss at least two possible sources of error that could contribute to your percent error.
The two possible sources of error that could contribute to your percent error include the following below:
Estimation processMeasuring instrument used.What is Percent error?This is a term which is referred to as the difference between the estimated value and the actual value in comparison to former and is usually expressed as a percentage.
However, there are different types of factors which contribute to this type of error and an example is the estimation process used which could result in non uniform value and also the type of measuring instrument and the conditions in which they are used.
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What is the mass (in grams) of 25.00 L of propane vapor (C3H8) at
STP? R= 0.08314 L-bar/mol. K.
The mass in grams of 23.0 L of propane vapor at STP is 22.968 g, as calculated by the mole concept.
given data are:-moles = 23/44 = 0.522 moles
Since there are 0.522 moles in a 44 liter, the mass of 23 L of propane is equal to 44 x 0.522, or 22.968 g.
Therefore, 23 liters of propane contain 22.968 g of propane at STP.
what is mole concept?The definition of a mole is a measure of substance quantity. It is a unit of measurement used to determine how many elementary particles make up a specific substance.
It has a precise definition of 6.022 1023 elementary entities. Depending on the kind of substance, the elementary unit may be a molecule, atom, or ion. Avogadro's number is the quantity of elementary particles in a mole.
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consider the following Equilibrium
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇔ 2NH3(g) + 92.2 kj
which of the following sets of conditions would maximize the production of ammonia in the reaction? explain.
A) Low pressure and high temperature
B) Low pressure and low temperature
C) High pressure and high temperature
D) high pressure and low temperature
Answer:
C) High pressure and low temperature
Explanation:
Le Chatelier's principle. There are 4 mols of gas on the reactants side and 2 moles of gas on the products, as well as some heat. By Le Chatelier's principle, if you increase the pressure (by presumably decreasing the volume), then equilibrium will push to the side with fewer moles, in this case ammonia. Since heat is on the products side, it works like a product. If you take away a product (decreasing temperature/product), then the reaction will push to ammonia to make up for the loss.
The molar mass of Si is 28.09 g/mol.
How many atoms are in 112 g of Si?
Answer: 2.40 X10^24
Explanation: Utilizing Avogadro's Number of 6.022 X 10^23
112gSi X 1molSi/28.09gSi X 6.022 X 10^23/1molSi = 2.40 X 10^23
The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product obtained if the limiting reactant is completely
converted to product.
Consider the reaction:
H₂(g) + I₂(s) - 2 HI(g)
If 15.28 g H₂ is mixed with 18.82 g I₂, calculate the theoretical yield (g) of HI produced by the reaction.
The theoretical yield (g) of HI produced by the reaction is 18.93 g.
The reaction is given as :
H₂(g) + I₂(s) ----> 2 HI(g)
given that ;
mass of H₂ = 15.28 g
mass of I₂ = 18.82 g
moles of H₂ = mass / molar mass
= 15.28 / 2
= 7.64 mol
moles of I₂ = mass / molar mass
= 18.82 / 253.80
= 0.074 mol
therefore the I₂ is the limiting reactant. so, the amount of HI produced is depend upon the I₂.
1 mole of I₂ produce = 2 mole of HI
0.074 mole of I₂ = 2 × 0.074 = 0.148 mol of HI
Theoretical yield of HI = 0.148 × 127.91
= 18.93 g
Thus, The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product obtained if the limiting reactant is completely converted to product. If 15.28 g H₂ is mixed with 18.82 g I₂, the theoretical yield (g) of HI produced by the reaction is 18.93 g.
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A sample of gas has a volume of 2.50 L at 536 kPa and 75.0 °C. What is the pressure (in atm) of the gas if it expands to 3.75 L at 25.0 °C?
How do i start this?
Answer:
3.02 atm
Explanation:
To find the final pressure, you need to use the Combined Gas Law:
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
In this equation, "P₁", "V₁", and "T₁" represent the initial pressure, volume, and temperature. "P₂", "V₂", and "T₂" represent the final pressure, volume, and temperature. You first need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin (1°C = 273 K). You should convert the initial pressure from kPa to atm (1 atm = 101.3 kPa).
P₁ = 536 kPa / 101.3kPa = 5.29 atm P₂ = ? atm
V₁ = 2.50 L V₂ = 3.75 L
T₁ = 75.0 °C + 273 = 348 K T₂ = 25.0°C + 273 = 298 K
[tex]\frac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\frac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex] <----- Combined Gas Law
[tex]\frac{(5.29atm)(2.50L)}{348K}=\frac{P_2(3.75L)}{298K}[/tex] <----- Insert values
[tex]0.0380=\frac{P_2(3.75L)}{298K}[/tex] <----- Simplify left side
[tex]11.32 = P_2(3.75L)[/tex] <----- Multiply both sides by 298 K
[tex]3.02 = P_2[/tex] <----- Divide both sides by 3.75 L
A 345. g sample of an unknown substance was heated from 45.0°C to 167.7°C. In the process, the substance absorbed
18.942 kJ of energy. What is the specific heat of the substance? Give your answer in both standard and scientific notation.
Was this an endothermic or exothermic process? Identify the substance based on the table below.
The specific heat of the given substance is equal to 0.447 J/g°C. As the energy is absorbed by the substance therefore it is an endothermic process. From the given table the substance can be iron.
What is the specific heat capacity?The specific heat capacity of a material can be defined as the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature in one unit of material by one-degree Celcius.
When the heat is lost or absorbed, the temperature of the material will be changed following the equation:
Q = mCΔT
Given, the amount of energy absorbed, Q = 18.942 KJ
The mass of the substance, m = 345 g
The change in the temperature = 167.7 - 45 = 122.7°C
The specific heat for the given substance can be determined as:
18.942 × 1000 = 345 × C × 122.7
C = 0.447 J/g°C
Therefore, the specific heat of the substance is equal to 0.447 J/g°C.
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The scientist describes a piece of glass as, “clear, one pound, and square.” What are they MOST likely describing?
A.
fragments and particles
B.
radial and concentric fractures
C.
physical properties
D.
chemical properties
If a scientist describes a piece of glass as, “clear, one pound, and square.” the thing he is MOST likely describing are C. physical properties
What is a Physical Property?This refers to the characteristics of a property that is measurable, and its shape can be observed, without any necessary outward or external change such as density, size, volume, etc
Hence, it can be seen that based on the given description, it is stated that a piece of glass contains the following properties: “clear, one pound, and square.” and this shows its physical properties.
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The dew point for a day's weather is calculated to be 18°C.
Which statement is true based on the dew point?
O Water will condense if the air temperature drops below 18°C.
O Dew is unlikely to form on the ground if the temperature is below 18°C.
OIt is likely to rain if the temperature rises above 18°C.
O Water in the air will remain vapor below 18°C.
The dew point for a day's weather is calculated to be 18°C, Water will condense if the air temperature drops below 18°C.
What is weather?
Weather refers to the state of a atmosphere and includes terms like how hot or cold, wet as well as dry, calm as well as stormy, clear or cloudy, etc. On Earth, the majority of weather events take place in the troposphere, which is the lowest part of the planet's atmosphere and lies just below the stratosphere. Climate is indeed the term again for averaging of atmospheric conditions over a longer period of time, whereas weather is the term for day-to-day temperature, precipitation, as well as other atmospheric conditions. Without further explanation, "weather" is typically taken to refer to the weather on Earth. Differences in air pressure, temperature, as well as moisture from one location to another influence the weather. The Sun's angle at any given location, which changes with latitude, may be the cause of these variations.
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An electric immersion heater is put at the bottom of a large tank of water.
The water next to the heater becomes warm.
(i)
What will happen to the warmed water next to the heater?
Give a reason for your answer.
An electric immersion heater is put at the bottom of a large tank of water the water next to the heater becomes warm then warmed water next to the heater energy will travel up from the heater through the particles
The water is heated up from the inside and usually with electricity a strong electric current run through a large element inside the tank to directly heat the water around it and energy will travel up from the heater through the particles and making them faster and further apart and meaning they become less dense and when water is heated with immersion heater the water become less dense due to which the warm water rises up and the cooler water fill its space
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What is the Nash equilibrium explain?
A player can obtain the desired outcome by sticking to their initial strategy, according to the Nash equilibrium, a decision-making theorem in game theory. Each player's approach in the Nash equilibrium is the best one given what the other players have decided.
A Nash equilibrium is a situation in which no participant would profit from altering their current course of action. This implies that even if a player were to know the plans of every opponent, they would still decide to stick with their original plan. Assuming that the other players maintain their initial plans, a player does not benefit from changing their approach under the Nash equilibrium. There could be several Nash equilibria in a game, or none at all. One of the fundamental ideas in game theory is Nash equilibrium.
Assign A the probability of playing H and (1p) of playing T, and B the probability of playing H and (1q) of playing T to calculate the mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium. In this game, the mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium is for each player to select H or T at random with p = 1/2 and q = 1/2.
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The gravity battery is similar to an but it doesn’t carry people
Answer:i try and try but nobody likes me
Explanation: that's the story of the day lucky person brainiest pls
hehehhehehhehehehehehhehhehehehehehehehehehehe
(need answer) energy passes heat from one object to another?
Answer:
What is the question?
Explanation:
TiCl4 + O2
What is the predicted product
Answer: Titanium dioxide
Compare the strength of HCN (Ka = 4.9×10^-10) with 0.01M aqueous solution of formic acid in which it is 14.5% dissociated.
[tex]{ \boxed{ \purple{ \tt{6.5 \times {10}^{2} }}}}[/tex]
Explanation:-
Applying,
[tex]{ \blue{ \tt{ \frac{Strength \: of \: formic \: acid}{Strength \: of \: HCN}} \: = }} \: \: \: { \green{ \tt{ \sqrt{ \frac{K _{a}(formic \: acid)}{K _{a}(HCN)} }}}}[/tex]
Degree of dissociation of HCOOH [tex] { \red{ \sf{( \alpha) = 14.5\%}}}[/tex][tex]{ = \red{ \sf{ \frac{14.5}{100}}}} [/tex][tex]{ = \red{ \sf{0.145}}}[/tex]
[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{ K_{a}(HCOOH) = C { \alpha }^{2}}}} [/tex]
[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{ K_{a}(HCOOH) = 0.01 \times {(0.145)}^{2} }}}[/tex]
[tex]{ \purple{ \tt{ K_{a}(HCOOH) = 2.1 \times {10}^{ - 4}}}} [/tex]
Thus,
[tex]{ \blue{ \tt{ \frac{Strength \: of \: formic \: acid}{Strength \: of \: HCN}} \: = }}{ \green{ \tt{ \sqrt{ \frac{2.1 \times {10}^{ - 4} }{4.9 \times {10}^{ - 10} } }}}}[/tex]
[tex]{ = \boxed{ { \red{ \sf{6.5 \times {10}^{2}}}}}} [/tex]
i.e., formic acid is 6.5×10² times stronger than HCN or we can say that HCN is 6.5×10² times weaker than formic acid.
A solution has a volume of 375 ml and contains 42.5 g of NaCl. What is its molarity?
The molarity of the sodium chloride solution is 1.95 M.
What is the molarity?The term molarity has to do with the concentration of substance in mole per decimeter cubed. There are several units of concentration and in every case, there is always a given unit of concentration that is most apt to be used at that point.
Given that;
Mass of the sample = 42.5 g
Molar mass of NaCl = 58.5 g/mol
Volume of the solution = 375 ml or 0.375 L
Number of moles of NaCl = 42.5 g/58.5 g/mol = 0.73 moles
Molarity of the solution = 0.73 moles/0.375 L = 1.95 M
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An excess of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, in solution is added to a solution containing 17.15 g CaCl2. After performing the experiment, 14.17 g of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, is produced. Calculate the percent yield of this reaction.
The percent yield of the reaction would be 91.66%.
What is percent yield?The percent yield of a reaction is the actual yield from the reaction relative to the theoretical yield of the same reaction.
The percent yield of a reaction is mathematically expressed as follows:
percent yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%
From the equation of the reaction:
[tex]Na_2CO_3 + CaCl_2 --- > CaCO_3 + 2NaCl[/tex]
The mole ratio of [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] to [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] according to the balanced equation is 1:1.
Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass
The molar mass of [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] is 110.98 g/mol
mole of 17.15 g [tex]CaCl_2[/tex] = 17.15/110.98
= 0.1545 mol
Equivalent mole of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] = 0.1545 mol
Molar mass of [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] = 100.09 g/mol
Mass of 0.1545 mol [tex]CaCO_3[/tex] = 0.1545 x 100.09
= 15.46 g
Thus:
Theoretical yield = 15.46 g
Actual yield = 14.17 g
Percent yield = 14.17/15.46 x 100
= 91.66%
In other words, the percent yield of the reaction is 91.66%.
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What sentence describes energy?
.How many moles of NaOH are required to prepare 1.98 L of a 0.285 M NaOH solution?
Answer: 0.5643 mol NaOH
Explanation:
First, I would start off with plugging in what you can for the molarity equation, which is:
M = mol/L
So, since you have 0.285M and 1.98 L you can plug that in where it fits. So it’d be:
0.285M = mol/1.98L
To isolate the mols on one side of the equation, you multiple both sides by 1.98 L. (Because it’s in the denominator. If you were trying to find L, you would divide by # of mols since it’s in the numerator).
After multiplying, your final answer should be 0.5643 mols of NaOH.
Calculate the amount of carbon dioxide gas (in grams and liters) that could be formed when 10.0 g
sodium carbonate is completely decomposed at 50.°C and an atmospheric pressure of 750. torr.
Na₂CO3 —> Na₂O + CO₂
The decomposition reaction of sodium carbonate produces 0.094 moles and 2.5 L of carbon dioxide
What is the volume of the gas produced?We know that the decomposition of the one mole of sodium carbonate would produce one mole of carbon dioxide. Hence we need to apply the stoichiometry of the reaction in order to be able to solve the problem.
Number of moles of moles of sodium carbonate = 10g/106 g/mol
= 0.094 moles
Since one mole of sodium carbonate produces one mole of carbon dioxde then 0.094 moles was produced.
Given that;
Pressure = 750. torr or 0.99 atm
Volume = ?
Temperature = 50.°C + 273 = 323 K
Then;
PV = nRT
V =nRT/P
V = 0.094 moles * 0.082 * 323/0.99
= 2.5 L
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Potassium reacts violently with cold water. It forms an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide and hydrogen.
potassium + water → potassium hydroxide + hydrogen
(a) In what physical state is hydrogen given off? Choose your answer from the words in the box.
gas liquid solid solution
Answer: Gas
Explanation:
When they mix, hydrogen gas is produced.
A balloon is inflated to 4.50 L with nitrogen gas, N2, at a particular initial temperature and pressure, and tied-off. Assume that the temperatures and pressures referred to are always those prevailing inside the balloon.
To what volume will the balloon contract or expand when:
1. The pressure is reduced to one-half the initial value and the Kelvin temperature is reduced to one third of the initial value?
2. The pressure is reduced to one third of the initial value and the Kelvin temperature is doubled?
Temperature has an impact on the hot air balloon's internal pressure. The molecules move more quickly and forcefully against the interior wall of the balloon as they warm up.
How does the balloon's size change as the temperature drops?Because the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules in a balloon drops as temperature rises, the frozen balloon shrank. As a result, the molecules move more slowly and collide with the balloon's interior wall less frequently and weakly, causing the balloon to somewhat contract.
What will happen to the volume if the temperature rises and the pressure stays the same? Why?These illustrations show how temperature can change the volume of a fixed amount of a confined gas while maintaining a constant pressure are generally accurate: The volume rises with rising temperature and falls with falling temperature.
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Calculate the pH of a solution that has a hydronium ion concentration, [H3O+], [ H 3 O + ] , of 2.56×10−6 M.
The pH of a solution with a hydronium concentration of 2.56 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex] M would be 5.59.
What is pH?The pH of a substance is the degree of acidity or alkalinity of the substance. It is simply a measure of how acidic or basic the substance is.
The pH of any substance is mathematically expressed as:
pH = -log [tex][H^+][/tex]
where [tex][H^+][/tex] is the hydrogen ion concentration.
pH = 14 - pOH
Also,
pH = - log [tex][H_3O^+][/tex]
Where [tex][H_3O^+][/tex] is the hydronium ion concentration.
In this case, the hydronium ion concentration is given as 2.56 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex]M
Thus,
pH = -log 2.56 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex]
= 5.59
In other words, the pH of a solution that has a hydronium ion concentration of 2.56 x [tex]10^{-6[/tex] M is 5.59.
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What can you conclude from the deflection of a cathode ray in a magnetic field?
a. The ray must have a positive charge.
b. The ray must need to travel in a vacuum
c. The ray must be composed of charged particles.
d. The ray must be composed of iron.
We can you conclude from the deflection of a cathode ray in a magnetic field that the ray must be composed of charged particles. Hence Option C is correct
J.J. Thomson came to the conclusion that rays were and are primarily negatively charged particles present or moving in a set of a positive charge after completing the experiment. The structure of an atom was further understood by physicists thanks to this idea. He also made the important discovery that the cathode rays' or electrons' properties were independent of the cathode ray tube's kind of gas or the electrodes' material. All all, we can conclude from this that all atoms are made up primarily of electrons.
The positively charged particle is called a A tiny nucleus, also known as a nucleus, houses all of the positive charge and the majority of the mass of an atom. A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle. The majority of an atom's volume is made up of empty space.
The number of positively charged protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of electrons that are distributed outside the nucleus. This describes how an atom's overall electrical neutrality.
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A 23.02 gram sample of cobalt is heated in the presence of excess fluorine. A metal fluoride is formed with a mass of
37.87 g. Determine the empirical formula of the metal fluoride.
Empirical formula of the metal fluoride is CuF₂
Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound
Here given data is
Mass of copper heated = 23.02 gram
Mass of copper fluoride formed = 37.87 g
We have to calculate gas in copper fluoride = x
37.87 g = 23.02 gram + x
x = 37.87 g - 23.02 gram
x = 14.85 g
Moles of copper
23.02 gram/63.546g/mol = 0.362 mol
Moles of Florine
14.85 g/18.998g/mol =0.781 mol
For the empirical formula divide the smallest mole of an element with all the moles of elements present in the compound
Copper = 0.362 mol/0.362 mol = 1
Florine =0.781 mol / 0.362 mol = 2.15
It means 1 : 2
So the empirical formula of the metal fluoride is CuF₂
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