The diagram shows a model of an animal cell. Explain how you'd modify the model to show the structures in a plant cell.

Answer:

Whether the mixture can be separated

Answer:

3.5: Ionic Compounds- Formulas and Names

Last updatedAug 25, 2020

3.4: An Atomic-Level Perspective of Elements and Compounds

3.6: Molecular Compounds- Formulas and Names

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6.9: Binary Ionic Compounds and Their Properties

6.18: Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions

Learning Objectives

Derive names for common types of inorganic compounds using a systematic approach

Nomenclature, a collection of rules for naming things, is important in science and in many other situations. This module describes an approach that is used to name simple ionic and molecular compounds, such as NaCl, CaCO3, and N2O4. The simplest of these are binary compounds, those containing only two elements, but we will also consider how to name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, and one specific, very important class of compounds known as acids (subsequent chapters in this text will focus on these compounds in great detail). We will limit our attention here to inorganic compounds, compounds that are composed principally of elements other than carbon, and will follow the nomenclature guidelines proposed by IUPAC. The rules for organic compounds, in which carbon is the principle element, will be treated in a later chapter on organic chemistry.

Ionic Compounds

To name an inorganic compound, we need to consider the answers to several questions. First, is the compound ionic or molecular? If the compound is ionic, does the metal form ions of only one type (fixed charge) or more than one type (variable charge)? Are the ions monatomic or polyatomic? If the compound is molecular, does it contain hydrogen? If so, does it also contain oxygen? From the answers we derive, we place the compound in an appropriate category and then name it accordingly.

Compounds Containing Only Monatomic Ions

The name of a binary compound containing monatomic ions consists of the name of the cation (the name of the metal) followed by the name of the anion (the name of the nonmetallic element with its ending replaced by the suffix –ide). Some examples are given in Table  3.5.2 .

Table  3.5.1 : Names of Some Ionic Compounds

NaCl, sodium chloride Na2O, sodium oxide

KBr, potassium bromide CdS, cadmium sulfide

CaI2, calcium iodide Mg3N2, magnesium nitride

CsF, cesium fluoride Ca3P2, calcium phosphide

LiCl, lithium chloride Al4C3, aluminum carbide

Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions

Compounds containing polyatomic ions are named similarly to those containing only monatomic ions, except there is no need to change to an –ide ending, since the suffix is already present in the name of the anion. Examples are shown in Table  3.5.2 .

Table  3.5.2 : Names of Some Polyatomic Ionic Compounds

KC2H3O2, potassium acetate (NH4)Cl, ammonium chloride

NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate CaSO4, calcium sulfate

Al2(CO3)3, aluminum carbonate Mg3(PO4)2, magnesium phosphate

Ionic Compounds in Your Cabinets

Ionic Compound Use

NaCl, sodium chloride ordinary table salt

KI, potassium iodide added to “iodized” salt for thyroid health

NaF, sodium fluoride ingredient in toothpaste

NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate baking soda; used in cooking (and as antacid)

Na2CO3, sodium carbonate washing soda; used in cleaning agents

NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite active ingredient in household bleach

CaCO3 calcium carbonate ingredient in antacids

Mg(OH)2, magnesium hydroxide ingredient in antacids

Al(OH)3, aluminum hydroxide ingredient in antacids

NaOH, sodium hydroxide lye; used as drain cleaner

K3PO4, potassium phosphate food additive (many purposes)

MgSO4, magnesium sulfate added to purified water

Na2HPO4, sodium hydrogen phosphate anti-caking agent; used in powdered products

Na2SO3, sodium sulfite preservative

Table  3.5.3 : Names of Some Transition Metal Ionic Compounds

Transition Metal Ionic Compound Name

FeCl3 iron(III) chloride

Hg2O mercury(I) oxide

HgO mercury(II) oxide

Cu3(PO4)2 copper(II) phosphate

Naming Ionic Compounds

Name the following ionic compounds, which contain a metal that can have more than one ionic charge:

Fe2S3

CuSe

GaN

CrCl3

Ti2(SO4)3

Solution

The anions in these compounds have a fixed negative charge (S2−, Se2− , N3−, Cl−, and  SO2−4 ), and the compounds must be neutral. Because the total number of positive charges in each compound must equal the total number of negative charges, the positive ions must be Fe3+, Cu2+, Ga3+, Cr4+, and Ti3+. These charges are used in the names of the metal ions:

iron(III) sulfide

copper(II) selenide

gallium(III) nitride

chromium(III) chloride

titanium(III) sulfate

Exercise  3.5.1  

Write the formulas of the following ionic compounds:

(a) chromium(III) phosphide

(b) mercury(II) sulfide

(c) manganese(II) phosphate

(d) copper(I) oxide

(e) chromium(VI) fluoride

Answer

(a) CrP; (b) HgS; (c) Mn3(PO4)2; (d) Cu2O; (e) CrF6

Explanation:

The given compound is francium sulfate.

Explanation:

While naming ionic compounds :

Given

The molecule formula of a compound[tex]Fr_2SO_4[/tex]:

To find:

The name of the given compound formula

Solution:

Cation in formula = [tex]Fr^+[/tex] = Francium cation

Anion in the formula= [tex]SO_4^{-2}[/tex] = Sulfate anion

So, the name of the given compound is francium sulfate.

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Answer: A

Explanation:

The charge-to-mass ratio of electrons is always the same constant, no matter which substances are used in the cathode ray tube.

Explanation:

So, from this, we can conclude that the charge-to-mass ratio of electrons is always the same constant, no matter which substances are used in the cathode ray tube describes Thomson's conclusion that electrons are present in all atoms.

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Answer:

i think it is C

Explanation:

sorry if wrong

Answer:

Photosynthesis, cytoplasm, cell wall, plastid, mitochondrion

Explanation:

Answer:

There is an overall release of energy when bonds form.

Explanation:

There is a general release of energy when bonds form. This energy is called bond energy.

Bond energy is involved in the breakdown or formation of one or more bonds between atoms of a molecule. Atoms bond with each other to achieve their electronic stability, that is, they move from a higher energy situation to a lower energy one. With this we can state that when the bond between atoms is formed, energy is released; therefore, its breakdown depends on energy absorption.

Answer:

Protons

Explanation:

I'm not exactly sure if this is what your question, but the number of protons is what makes an atom that atom. If you change the number of proton it is now a different atom. You change the number of electrons and get an ion or change the number of neutrons and get an isotope but you can't change the number of protons as you would be changing the elemnt.

Answer:

The empty cup

Explanation:

Got it right on the test

Answer:

10 electrons

Explanation:

Neon 21 has 10 protons and 11 neutrons. We know that there are the same number of electrons as there are protons. so your answer is 10.

Answer:

Explanation:

The volume of a substance when given the density and mass can be found by using the formula

[tex]volume = \frac{mass}{density} \\[/tex]

From the question

mass = 20 g

density = 5 g/cm³

So we have

[tex]volume = \frac{20}{5} \\ [/tex]

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Answer:A

Explanation: A P E X

Answer:4400

I went over this problem multiple times and I finally found the soultion

The concept of significant figures are mainly used by scientist and engineer to know the significance of digits in a measurement. Therefore, 4400L is the solution to the equation rounded to the correct number of significant figures.

Significant figures are the figures that indicate the degree of accuracy of a value. It tells about the precision of a value. It gives an idea about the digits that are necessary to indicate the experimental value.

Rules for counting significant figures are:

Number between 1 to 9 is always significant

Zeroes after a number has got no significance

Zeroes before a number has got no significance

Zeroes between number has got significance

4700 L - 281.4 =4400L

Therefore, 4400L is the solution to the equation rounded to the correct number of significant figures.

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Answer:

It is secondary succession.

Explanation:

primary succession only occurs in areas where there was no previous ecosystem

In the production of maple forest over the 1,000 years period, there has been the presence of the lake. Thus the production in the lake has been the secondary succession.

The primary and secondary succession has been the development process in the ecosystem. The ecosystem development can be taken place when there has been no previous vegetation, or when there has been the available ecosystem.

The primary succession can result when there has been no available previous ecosystem. The secondary succession can take place when there has been a previously existing ecosystem.

In the production of maple forest over the 1,000 years period, there has been the presence of the lake. Thus the production in the lake has been the secondary succession.

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Answer: With a positively charged nucleus.

Explanation:

Answer:

The IUPAC name of the given compound is Pent-1-ene.

Explanation:

Longest chain has 5 carbons and the double bond is at C-1 carbon

Answer: Alfracon

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Fossils are essentially clues that have been left behind by various forms of living things. They are instrumental tools for understanding the diverse groups of organisms that have inhabited our planet at one time or another. A fossil is any preserved evidence of an organism.

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Two or more than two atoms with different physical or chemical properties can not combine together to form an element. An element  cannot be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical change. The correct option is option A.

Element generally consist of atoms or we can atoms combine to form element. Atoms of an element is always same, means all the properties of all atoms of one type of element is same.

Element is the basic unit of any compound and molecule which can not be broken further. Mixture, solution and compound are composed of two or more than two elements which can be further broken down easily.

Therefore, an element  cannot be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical change. The correct option is option A.

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During electrolysis a metal chemically decompose and deposits on the cathode where as the metal from the other electrode forms its ions in the electrolyte solution.

Electrolysis is the process of chemical decomposition brought out by the passage of electricity through an electrolyte in which the decomposed metal deposits on one electrode.

Electrolysis involves oxidation of one metal and reduction of the other. The prediction of the products of electrolysis requires a consideration of several factors including the potential at which the competing species are discharged at the electrode , if the electrode used are reacted or inert etc.

The oxidation reaction involves the formation of cations in the solution and the reduction involves the deposition of metallic substance at the cathode.

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Explanation:

Biological in the ocean is affected by the water cycle via the Mixed Layer Depth and Run off from land. Salinity and temperature determine the density of ocean water, and density influences the circulation. E-P determines surface salinity of the ocean, which helps determine the stability of the water column.

Answer:

All orbitals in the same sub level have one electron

Explanation:

All orbitals in the same sub level have one electron

Answer: C.

Explanation: Alcohol floats on oil and water sinks in oil. Water, alcohol, and oil layer well because of their densities, but also because the oil layer does not dissolve in either liquid. The oil keeps the water and alcohol separated so that they do not dissolve in one another. ... Water sinks because it is more dense than oil.

Answer:

22×10⁻¹³

Explanation:

Scientific notation:

Scientific notation is the way to express the large value in short form.

The number in scientific notation have two parts.

The digits (decimal point will place after first digit)

× 10 ( the power which put the decimal point where it should be)

for example the number 6324.4 in scientific notation will be written as = 6.3244 × 10³

When we multiply or divide the values the number of significant figures must be equal to the less number of significant figures in given value.  Thus, in given value,

(4.1357× 10⁻¹⁵) × (5.4×10²)

22×10⁻¹³

Answer:

The Isotope of sulfur.  

32S 94.99% stable.

33S 0.75%   Stable.

Explanation:

Answer:

A. a wild dog that finds and mates with a domestic dog.

Explanation: