with vivid example from Tanzania explain how commerce completes production process
Answer:
Commerce is a fundamental part of the productive economic process, through which the goods and services that were produced in an economy are placed on the market. Thus, it is part of the third sector of the economy, capitalizing production and supplying the public with the goods and services it needs for its daily development.
Thus, for example, the Tanzanian economy is made up of 80% agricultural production, which makes up the primary sector of the economy. This country lacks a developed industrial structure, so its secondary sector is very short. Now, the agricultural products that are produced in the country are marketed both in the domestic market and through exports, with which the tertiary sector of the Tanzanian economy is based in turn on the nation's primary production.
Davis Enterprises has 250,000 shares of $5 par value common stock outstanding. Davis declares $2 dividend on March 2, payable on April 2. The journal entry for the payment of the Cash dividend on April 2 is:_____
Answer with explanation:
Total shares = 250,000
Dividend per share = $ 2
Total dividend = (Total shares) x (dividend ) = 250,000 x 2 = $500,000
So, the journal entry for the payment of the Cash dividend on April 2 would be :
Date particular business transaction Debit Credit
April 2 Dividend payable A/c Dr. $500,000
To cash A/c Cr. $500,000
The journal entries that would take place in the books of Davis enterprises as on April 2nd will take effect as debit in dividend payable Ac which would in turn be credited to the Cash Ac.
Journal entries is a simple format of recording the financial transactions of an organization in a chronological manner as they keep occurring in the business.
There will be debit in dividend payable account which would lead to take entry in the cash ac in the ledger accounts of the organization, here, Davis Enterprises.There are 250000 share outstanding at the end of Davis Enterprises and the dividend of $2 has been declared per share which will lead to declaration of $500000 dividend in amount.This $500000 will be distributed proportionately among the shareholders of the firm by virtue of number of shares being held by them in their demat accounts as on the record date.Hence, the dividend of $500000 will be declared by Davis Enterprises and the journal entries are attached below.
To know more about journal entries, click on the link below.
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(b) A company had an average inventory last year of $208,000 and its inventory turnover was 6. If sales volume and unit cost remain the same this year as last and inventory turnover is 8 this year, what will average inventory have to be during the current year
Answer: 156000
Explanation:
The average inventory during the current year would be calculated as follows:
Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of goods sold / average inventory
where,
Inventory turnover = 8
Cost of goods sold = $208,000 × 6 = $1,248,000
Average inventory = Unknown
Therefore, 8 = 1248000 / Average inventory
Average inventory = 1248000 / 8
Average inventory = 156,000
There are four consumers willing to pay the following amounts for haircuts,
Gloria :$7 Jay: $2 Claire : $8 Phil: $5
and there are four haircutting businesses with the following costs:
The maximum possible total surplus is $55. Each firm has the capacity to produce only one haircut. For efficiency, how many haircuts should be given? Which businesses should cut hair and which consumers should have their hair cut? How large is the maximum possible total surplus?
Answer:
Following are the solution to the given question:
Explanation:
Please find the attachment file.
When there are 3 haircuts, demand, and supply trends cross. The price may range from $5 to $4. It is because, at a cost of around $4, 3 hairstyles were required, 3 are requested, and 3 are also given. Similarly, unless the price is 5 dollars, 3 haircuts are required, and 3 were provided.
Gloria, Emily, and Phil get the hairstyles at this cost, whereas companies A, C, and D are in the market Maximum TS = shady area from the production of demand = 11
The effect of directive leadership is most effective when the:_______
Answer:
Leader is present in the environment
Explanation:
Directive leadership is a form of leadership where a leader gives instructions, set objectives for his or her employees. Here, there are expectations on the path of those being lead hence act according to the dictates of their leaders.
In a scenario where tasks given to employees are hard or where the employees are unskilled or inexperienced, direct leadership is most effective to lead them so that they can be productive.
Where a leader is present in the working environment, employees tend to increase their productivity , while reverse is the case where a leader is not present because employees work based on supervision and direction under directive leadership.
On July 1, 2016, Killearn Company acquired 110,000 of the outstanding shares of Shaun Company for $14 per share. This acquisition gave Killearn a 25 percent ownership of Shaun and allowed Killearn to significantly influence the investee's decisions. As of July 1, 2016, the investee had assets with a book value of $5 million and liabilities of $620,000. At the time, Shaun held equipment appraised at $308,000 above book value; it was considered to have a seven-year remaining life with no salvage value. Shaun also held a copyright with a five-year remaining life on its books that was undervalued by $1,208,000. Any remaining excess cost was attributable to goodwill. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method. Killearn applies the equity method for its investment in Shaun. Shaun's policy is to declare and pay a $1 per share cash dividend every April 1 and October 1. Shaun's income, earned evenly throughout each year, was $591,000 in 2016, $634,400 in 2017, and $682,400 in 2018. In addition, Killearn sold inventory costing $98,400 to Shaun for $164,000 during 2017. Shaun resold $117,000 of this inventory during 2017 and the remaining $47,000 during 2018. Determine the equity income to be recognized by Killearn during each of these years. Compute Killearn's investment in Shaun Company's balance as of December 31, 2018.
Answer:
A. 2017 $61,400
2018 $49,400
B. $1,650,800
Explanation:
A. Calculation to Determine the equity income to be recognized by Killearn during each of these years.
2017 EQUITY INCOME
Equity Income =(25%*$634,400)-($ 1 per share April 1 Cash dividend+$ 1 per share October 1 Cash dividend*$110,000)
Equity Income =$158,600-($2per share*110,000)
Equity Income =$158,600-$220,000
Equity Income =$61,400
2018 EQUITY INCOME
Equity Income =(25%*$682,400)-($ 1 per share April 1 cash dividend+$ 1 per share October 1 cash dividend*$110,000)
Equity Income =$170,600-($2per share*110,000)
Equity Income =$170,600-$220,000
Equity Income =$49,400
Therefore the equity income to be recognized by Killearn during 2017 is $61,400 and 2018 is $49,400 .
b. Computation for Killearn's investment in Shaun Company's balance as of December 31, 2018
Original Investment at Cost $1,540,000
( 110,000*14per share)
Add 2017 Profit shared (Net of Dividend) $61,400
Add 2018 Profit shares (Net of Dividend) $ 49,400
2018 Investment Value $1,650,800
($1,540,000+$61,400+$ 49,400)
Therefore Killearn's investment in Shaun Company's balance as of December 31, 2018 will be $1,650,800
. Distinguish between the short run and the long run as they relate to macroeconomics. Why is the distinction important
Answer:
1. In the short run, wages and other prices are stagnant making the economy to run below or above the normal level. In the long run, wages and prices are fully flexible, and this allows the economy to run at its natural level.
2. This distinction is important because it helps us to see how difficult it could be to sustain the real gross domestic product and employment rates thus making the economy to run at a normal level or achieve its full potentials.
Explanation:
Stickiness or stagnancy of wages can be seen in the fact that it is most time difficult to fluctuate or change the wages of workers overtime. The prices of most goods are also sticky when they remain unchanged over a given period of time. These conditions exist in the short run, and make the economy to run above or below its full potentials. The real GDP and unemployment levels are negatively affected.
In the long run, flexibility of wages and prices are achieved and this makes the economy to run at its full potentials. The real GDP as well as the employment rate are at their optimum level then.
cool hall inc. manufacturing overhead for the year was estimated to be $702,540. if the predetermined overhead rate is based on direct labor hours, then the estimated direct labor hours of the predetermined overhead rate is based on direct labor-hours, than the estimated direct labor hours of the beginning of the year used in the predetermined overhead rate must have been
Answer:
c. 31,504 direct labor hour
Explanation:
Note: The full question is attached as picture below
Manufacturing overhead applied = Actual Manufacturing overhead + Over-applied overhead
Manufacturing overhead applied = 697,450 + 40,680
Manufacturing overhead applied = 738,130
Manufacturing overhead applied = Predetermined overhead rate * Actual direct labor hour
738,130 = Predetermined overhead rate * 33,100 direct labor hour
Predetermined overhead rate = $738,130 / 33,100 direct labor hour
Predetermined overhead rate = $22.30 direct labor hour
Estimated direct labor hour = Estimated Manufacturing overhead / Predetermined overhead rate
Estimated direct labor hour = $702,540 / $22.30 direct labor hour
Estimated direct labor hour = 31,504 direct labor hour
So, the estimated direct labor hours at the beginning of the year used in the predetermined overhead rate must have been 31,504 direct labor hour.
the real risk rate of interest is 2.5% and inflation is expected to be 3% this year and 3.5 during the next three years assume that the maturity risk premium is Sarah what is the yield on 4 year treasury securities
Answer:
5.875%
Explanation:
Yield on 4 year security = real risk free rate + average inflation over 4 years
average inflation over 4 years = (3% + 3.5% + 3.5% + 3.5% ) / 4 = 3.375%
3.375% + 2.5% = 5.875%
A vacant lot acquired for $115,000 is sold for $298,000 in cash. What is the effect of the sale on the total amount of the
Answer:
+$183,000
$0
+$183,000
Explanation:
Total assets increased by ($298,000 - $115,000) $183,000.
Total liabilities has no change
Total shareholder equity increased by ($298,000 - $115,000) $183,000.
which market structure p
redominantly uses product differntation
What are the main issues to be addressed in a business code of ethics required by the Securities and Exchange Commission
Answer:
Conflicts of interest, full and fair disclosures, legal compliance, internal reporting of code violations and accountability.
Explanation:
The main issues to be addressed in a business code of ethics as required by SEC securities and exchange commission are conflicts of interest, full and fair disclosures, legal compliance , internal reporting of code violations and accountability.
With regards to the above, businesses are expected to fully disclose conflict of interest if there is any to SEC. The reason is to monitor the activities of the business whether it has deviated from its original plan. Again, it is expected of business to completely disclose facts as it relates to its dealings with members of the public in a fair manner.
Again, a business as required by SEC must comply legally to the regulations as instituted by relevant governing bodies. A business must also be accountable at all times for its actions or inactions.
One of the founding principles of the ISO 9000 standard is that: a. the requirements are strictly the same, regardless of the organization b. it requires organizations to meet their own requirements as well as those of regulators c. the requirements are set and audited by the customers d. the requirements follow the Six Sigma methodology
Answer:
One of the founding principles of the ISO 9000 standard is that:
a. the requirements are strictly the same, regardless of the organization.
Explanation:
ISO 9000 standards describe the quality management standards that organizations can follow to increase business efficiency and customer satisfaction. ISO 9000 embeds a quality management system within an organization, increasing productivity, reducing unnecessary costs, and ensuring quality of processes and products. The IS0 9000 standards are not specific to any one industry and can be applied to organizations of any size.
Describe the first three steps you would take to begin the strategic planning process for a human services organization
Explanation:
The strategic planning process is essential for companies to define what actions are necessary to achieve organizational objectives and goals, and will be an important guide for a company to be well positioned in the market, achieve sustainable competitive advantage and be profitable.
In a human services organization, strategic planning could be developed following the first three steps:
definition of organizational values definition of policies and code of ethical conduct and SWOT analysis
To be effective, strategic planning must be aligned with the company's identity and objectives, so in a human services organization, it would be essential for strategic planning to be based on values, such as corporate governance, social and environmental responsibility, etc., in addition to a clear definition of the policies and code of organizational ethics, which would guide the organizational culture, communication, service, and the application of the best conduct with regard to interpersonal relationships.
The SWOT analysis is also an important step for the company to be able to identify which are its greatest strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that would assist in management and constant monitoring in order to find the best practices to implement in its processes and achieve continuous improvement.
Strategic planning is planning made for a specific organization and is meant to ensure progress and address specific national problems,
there are about five steps in the strategic planning process as determining the position, prioritizing the aims and objectives. Developing a strategic plan. Execution and management of the plan. In last reviewing and revising the plan. Hence for an HR service for the organization we need to define the values, make a SWAT analysis, and state the codes of conduct.Learn more about the steps you would take to begin the strategy.
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An income property generates $9,200 per month, and is valued at $985,000. What is its gross rent multiplier
Answer:
107.07
Explanation:
Calculation for What is its gross rent multiplier
Gross rent multiplier= Income Property value/income property generated per month
Let plug in the formula
Gross rent multiplier= $985,000/$9,200 per month
Gross rent multiplier=107.07
Therefore its gross rent multiplier will be 107.07
If the free market (private) equilibrium quantity is greater than the socially optimal quantity, one can infer that:
Answer:
The only that socially optimal quantity is lower than the equilibrium quantity is that the production of that specific good results in a negative externality. Negative externalities reduce social benefits of third parties, even though they do not actively participate in any type of transaction.
You own a portfolio that has $3,800 invested in Stock A and $4,800 invested in Stock B. If the expected returns on these stocks are 8 percent and 11 percent, respectively, what is the expected return on the portfolio
Answer:
the expected return on the portfolio is 9.67%
Explanation:
The computation of the expected return on the portfolio is as follows:
= Expected return of A × Investment A ÷ Total Investment + Expected return of B × Investment B ÷ Total Investment
= 8% × $3,800 ÷ ($3,800 + $4,800) + 11% × $4,800 ÷ ($3,800 + $4,800)
= 3.53% + 6.14%
= 9.67%
Hence, the expected return on the portfolio is 9.67%
All of the following are typically considered capital goods except
A. The machinery in a factory
B. The software a business owns
C. Cooked hot dogs at a sporting event
D. A carpenters tools
E. A professional musicians instruments
Answer:
C. Cooked hot dogs at a sporting event
Explanation:
Capital goods are tangible assets that businesses use to produce goods and services for sale. Capital goods are not meant for sale but are used to make products that will be sold to generate revenue. Capital goods have a useful life exceeding one year and include buildings, equipment, motor vehicles, and tools.
From the list provided, Cooked hot dogs at a sporting event are not capital goods. All the other items are capital goods. They do not get consumed in the production process.
Souza Inc, which produces and sells a single product, has provided its contribution format income statement for October.
Sales (4,000 units) $88,000
Variable expenses 40,000
Contribution margin 48,000
Fixed expenses 41,700
Net operating income $6,300
If the company sells 3,500 units, its net operating income should be closest to:_______
a. $5,513
b. -$4,700
c. $6,300
d. $300
Answer:
d. $300
Explanation:
Calculation for what its net operating income should be closest to
Using this formula
First step is to calculate the contribution margin per unit using this formula
Contribution margin per unit= Contribution margin ÷ Number of units
Let plug in the formula
Contribution margin per unit= $48,000 ÷ 4,000 units
Contribution margin per unit= $12
Second step is to calculate the contribution margin
Contribution margin = 3,500 units × $12
Contribution margin = $42,000
Now let calculate the net operating income using this formula
Net operating income = Sales - Variable cost - Fixed expenses
Let plug in the formula
Net operating income= $42,000 - $41,700
Net operating income= $300
Therefore its net operating income should be closest to $300
How would you address mental challenges and age-related issues with exercising?
Answer:
Explanation:
Having someone to exercise with you makes it more enjoyable. ... Make exercise a priority and set time aside during the day. ... Identify activities that they enjoy. ... Start slowly and advance the exercise program gradually. ... Set realistic expectations. ... Be supportive.A combination of clothing and cell phones that would meet the allocative efficiency would be: Group of answer choices any combination on the production possibilities frontier that brings the highest level of satisfaction to the people in the economy. combination G because it represents the combination with the highest number of cell phones and clothing. Combination A because cell phones are more valuable than clothing. combinations B or C because they represent a balanced quantity of cell phones and clothing.
Answer: Any combination on the production possibilities frontier that brings the highest level of satisfaction to the people in the economy.
Explanation:
The Production Possibilities Frontier depicts the quantities of two goods that can be produced given that resources are limited and being used to produce the same goods.
Allocative efficiency therefore is any point on this frontier that brings the highest level of satisfaction to the people based on their needs and wants. For instance if people want more clothing than cell phones they should pick any points from B to E.
So long as it is on the PPF, there is Allocative efficiency.
Suggest and explain four activities that would be ""customer focused"" in nature
Answer:
1. Efficient customer-care
2. Personalization of products
3. A transparent distribution network
4. Requesting feedback from customers
Explanation:
An organization that is customer-focused has policies in place that are relatable to the customer and make his journey through the business easier.
Activities and policies that are customer-focused in nature include;
1. A well trained customer service personnel that listen to the needs of the customers, and solve them.
2. Designing of products that fit into the needs of customer segments shows that the organization has the customers at heart.
3. Honesty and clarity in dealing with customers at every stage of the business shows that the organization is customer-focused.
4. Feedback requests helps the organization know what the customer's concerns are and how to deal with them.
businesses, especially e-businesses, often collect data about their customers, the individuals and organizations with which they do business. Is customer information an asset which should be reported in the financial statements
Explanation:
No, customer data and information collected by companies, especially e-business, are not an asset that should be reported in the financial statements, they are valuable for companies, especially digital ones, for greater understanding and definition of their target audience, through standards, tastes, personal characteristics, preferences, etc., in order to form a customer base for possible marketing communications, in addition to forming essential information for companies to develop better targeted and attractive marketing campaigns for their audience, the which benefits in the company's sales and market positioning.
f Hailey, Inc., has an equity multiplier of 1.6, total asset turnover of 2.2, and a profit margin of 4 percent, what is its ROE?
Answer:
14.08
Explanation:
Calculation for what is its ROE
Using this formula
ROE = Profit margin*Total asset turnover*Equity multiplier
Let plug in the formula
ROE=4*2.2*1.6
ROE=14.08
Therefore the ROE will be 14.08
Kaye Blanchard is 50 years old. She has $48,000 of adjusted gross income and $11,600 of qualified medical expenses. She will be itemizing her tax deductions this year. How much of a tax deduction will Kaye be able to deduct (assume 10% floor for deduction)
Answer:
$6,800
Explanation:
Calculation for How much of a tax deduction will Kaye be able to deduct (assume 10% floor for deduction)
Tax deduction=$11,600-(10%*$48,000)
Tax deduction=$11,600-$4,800
Tax deduction=$6,800
Therefore the amount of tax deduction that Kaye will be able to deduct (assume 10% floor for deduction) is $6,800
RWJ inc., produces the different medical devices. the following relates to the three products for next year. under an activity-based costing system, the per-unit overhead cost of device z is closest to
Answer:
Exing relates to the three products for next yeaplaRWJ inc., produces the different medical devices. the following relates to the three products for next year.nation:
Does the Statute of Frauds, a legal principle from the 1600s, still make sense in today's commercial world
Answer:
Yes. The Statute of Frauds still makes sense in today's commercial world.
Explanation:
The statute of frauds as a legal concept requires that certain contracts must be put in writing, especially contracts involving the sale of land, goods worth more than $500, and contracts lasting more than one year. The statute acts as a defense to a breach of contract claim. In most states, a statute of frauds does not make a contract void but makes certain contracts voidable. This means that the contract remains valid and enforceable until one of the parties chooses to void the contract.
Upon graduating from High School in 2019, you were granted a $6,000 college scholarship for academic year 2019-2020. As a full-time student and degree candidate during the fall term of 2019 you received $2,000 and spent $1,200 on tuition and fees, $300 on books and $500 on room and board. How much of your scholarship is taxable on your 2019 Federal return
Answer:
The answer is "$500".
Explanation:
The student is indeed a professional student and a graduate candidate of a qualifying organization and utilizes the sum of a grant for salary payments. The study money is income.
Registered costs include university fees, book sales but do not cover room and boarding spending. In federal return, such expenditure for room and boarding is deductible. Even so, in the 2019 Fiscal return, $500 of the amount of the grant is deductible.
Fran owns Consolidated Auto Parts, a company that got its start making auto parts related for hybrid vehicles, but her firm has had difficulty establishing itself as a maker of parts for the more-profitable internal combustion engine. What is most likely contributing to Consolidated's problem in this area?
Answer:
The answer is "Barriers to entry typically support incumbents in a lucrative industry".
Explanation:
Fran owns Integrated Car Parts, which started producing auto parts for electric vehicles, but it's been difficult for Fran to establish itself as just a part producer for a diesel engine which would be more lucrative. Barriers to entry usually shield established participants in such a profitable industry, which most probably contributes to the issue of Consolidation.
Jared Harless shattered his elbow in a snowboarding accident and decided to visit a doctor at Smith Union Hospital for treatment. While at the hospital, he interacts with many individuals who attempt to make his experience at the hospital a positive one.
In most large organizations, several people are responsible for the buying decisions. These buying center participants can include employees who have a formal role in purchasing decisions (i.e., the purchasing or procurement department), members of the design team for a new product, top managers, and employees who will be using the item being purchased. These employees are likely to play different roles in the buying process. Vendors must understand these roles and adapt the marketing process appropriately for different individuals and for the buying center as a whole.
a. Patient
b. Vista Insurance
c. Shattered Elbow
d. Smith Union Hospital
e. Elbow-Med Sales Rep
f. Materials Manager
g. Alternative Treatments
h. Specialized Purchase
i. Physician
j. Surgery
k. Price and Success Rete
l. Cost-Effectiveness
Role player Prompters
Initiator
User
Decider
Buyer
Influencer
Gatekeeper
Answer:
Role player Prompters
Initiator Physician Shattered Elbow
User Patient Alternate Treatments
Decider Smith union hospital Price and success rate
Buyer Material manager Specialized purchase
Influencer ElbowMed Sales Rep Surgery
Gatekeeper Vista Insurance Cost effectiveness