The gel below shows a result of the experiment you designed using the DNA of three different individuals (S1-S3). It also shows a negative (C-) and a positive (C ) control, as well as a DNA marker. Why did S2 have three bands

Answers

Answer 1

Restriction enzymes recognize specific nucleotidic sequences. The molecule with no recognition site will not be digested. Individual S2 probably had molecules with the recognition site and others with a different sequence.

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A restriction enzyme is a degradative polymer that recognizes and cuts up specific nucleotide sequences in DNA.

Restriction enzymes can produce cohesive cuts or blunt (abrupt) cuts, depending on the recognition sites.

The frequency in which the restriction enzyme will produce the cuts depends on the recognition sequences and the number of bases that compose them.

So restriction enzymes cut DNI molecules into different short sequences of varying lengths.

These pieces are called minisatellites and exhibit the existing variation from one person to the next.

These short sequences can be separated by using gel electrophoresis and will express a pattern of differentiation.

When the nucleotidic sequence of the DNA molecule does not include the recognition site, the enzyme will not cut this fragment. The enzyme does not digest this molecule.

Since the negative control does not have a recognition site, it is not digested by the enzyme.

The positive control is digested, meaning that these molecules carry the recognition site.

Probably DNA molecules from individual S1 do not have the recognition site either.

The enzyme recognizes the sequence in DNA from individual S3 and cuts it into two fragments.

The lane of Individual S2 includes both options: digested and not digested DNA. This means that the sample taken from this individual included DNA

                               ⇒  carrying the sequence, and

                               ⇒  not carrying the recognition sequence.

So enzymes digest molecules carrying the recognition sequence, and the other ones remain undigested.

Probably, individuals S1 and S3 are h0m0zyg0us, while individual S2 is heter0zyg0us.

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Related Questions

Match each hazardous waste with its matching description.

Words:
-asbestos
-mercury
-cadmium
-lead

Definitions:

A) Substance from thermostats known to cause reproductive issues

B) Substance known to cause lung cancer, found in older landfills

C) Substance found in computer monitors that causes brain damage

D) Hazardous cancer agent found in the batteries of many devices

Answers

Answer:

B is to asbestos

A is to lead

D is to cadmium

C is to mercury

if i could get a brainly answer i would appreciate

A teacher showed this animal to students on a field trip. Which tool will the students use to record the animal's behavior? A. Graduated cylinder B. Notebook C. Tape measure D. Hand lens​

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Answer:

note book

Explanation:

nothing else would work

Which sequence of dna bases would pair with this partial strand cat tca ctg?.

Answers

GTA AGT GAC would be the resulting strand’s bases.

how many cans of green beans in green bean casserole

Answers

i think it depends on the size of the can and how much you want to make but i hope this helps

how much atp is gained at the end of cellular respiration

Answers

30 to 32 ATP hope this helped.
In a eukaryotic cell, the process of cellular respiration can metabolize one molecule of glucose into 30 to 32 ATP. The process of glycolysis only produces two ATP, while all the rest are produced during the electron transport chain.

How long does the eclipse of an earth-like planet take?

Answers

The average number of years between eclipses turned out to the nearly 534 years.

spermiogenesis begins with a ________ and ends with a ________.

Answers

Answer:

Answer:

germ cell and four gametes

Explanation:

Spermiogenesis begins with a  germ cell   and ends with    four gametes.

Which two structures engage to create a muscle contraction?.

Answers

Muscle contraction occurs when actin connects with myosin.

Muscle contraction occurs thanks to an action potential, which transmits a stimulus to the interior of the muscles.

For fiber tension to occur, the myosin head must bind with actin, slip, release, and then connect with another actin.

This electrical signal allows the actin and myosin proteins to move, thereby generating contraction of the muscles.

Therefore, we can conclude that myosin is a protein found in muscle fibers in order to bind to actin protein and cause muscle contraction.

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Describe a bacteria cell and what makes it different from eukaryotic cells?

Answers

Answer:

Bacteria is like eukaryotic cells they have cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a plasma membrane. Features that make a bacterial cell different from a eukaryotic cell the circular DNA of the nucleoid, the lack of membrane bound organelles, the cell wall of peptidoglycan, and flagella.

Explanation:

Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction?
A. Produce identical copies of an organism.
B. Produce natural variation to adapt to environmental change.
C. Quickly populate a new habitat.
D. Reproduce very quickly.

Answers

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Produce natural variation to adapt to environmental change is an advantage of sexual reproduction. Correct Option is 2.

The advantage of sexual reproduction is that it produces genetic variation within a population. During sexual reproduction, offspring inherit a combination of genes from both parents, leading to unique genetic combinations. This genetic diversity results in natural variation among individuals within a population.

This variation is advantageous because it allows a population to better adapt to changing environmental conditions. In a changing environment, some individuals may possess traits that are better suited to the new conditions, making them more likely to survive and reproduce. Through natural selection, these advantageous traits can become more prevalent in the population over time, enhancing the population's overall ability to adapt and thrive.

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In a particular diploid organism, somatic cells have 24 chromosomes. How many pairs of homologous chromosomes would be present in the gametes of that organism

Answers

Answer:

12

Explanation:

It says 'pairs'.

While you’re waiting for the lactase solution to cool, read the directions on the test strips. The test strips in the Edmentum lab kit will react to glucose within a few seconds. If you use different strips, the reaction time may vary. Now follow these steps to test the solutions. Record your data in the answer space.


Milk and water solution: Fill the first test tube one fourth full of milk. Fill the small graduated cylinder with water and gently add it to the milk in the test tube until the test tube is half full. Use the stirrer to thoroughly mix the solution. Then insert the test strip for 10 to 20 seconds. Look at the test strip, and record whether it changed color. Wash the stirrer.

Milk and lactase enzyme solution: Fill the second test tube one fourth with milk and one fourth with the lactase solution. Use the stirrer to thoroughly mix the solution. Insert the test strip for 10 to 20 seconds, and record whether it changed color. Wash the stirrer.

Milk an

Answers

Milk and lactase have glucose together because the enzyme lactase will break down the lactose molecule so the test strip can see the entire glucose molecule

What are organelles.

Answers

Organelles are specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells.

Organelles are specialized structures that perform various jobs inside cells. The term literally means “little organs.” In the same way organs, such as the heart, liver, stomach, and kidneys, serve specific functions to keep an organism alive, organelles serve specific functions to keep a cell alive.

Genes located near one another on the same chromosome are often inherited together. These are called ________.

Answers

Answer: Linked Genes

Explanation:

what is gene expression​

Answers

Answer:

Gene expression is the process the cell uses to produce the molecule it needs by reading the genetic code written in the DNA.

Explanation:

To do this, the cell interprets the genetic code, and for each group of three letters it adds one of the 20 different amino acids that are the basic units needed to build proteins.


What are the two phenomenon that results in drastic weather change in the world?

Answers

Answers:

Hurricane or Tornado

Explanation:

Whenever a Hurricane or Tornado occurs it can cause drastic change in weather causing floods, wind, and damage to houses, buildings, and even people and animals.

IQ is determined by:(1 point)


multiple genes only

both a single gene and environmental factors

a single gene only

multiple genes and environmental factors

Answers

IQ is determined by ;  ( D ) multiple genes and environmental factors

IQ ( intelligence quotient  ) is influenced by more than a single gene ( i.e. multiple genes ) and this makes IQ a polygenic trait found in organisms such as humans.

IQ is not only determined by multiple traits but is strongly influenced by environmental factors just like the multiple genes. IQ measures the intellectual ability of humans ( i.e ability to read and think critically outside the box and also think logically . )

Hence we can conclude that IQ is determined by multiple genes and environmental factors

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Answer:

multiple genes and environmental factors

Explanation:

what factors determine if a species is fit to survive?

Answers

Answer: variation, reproduction, and heritability.

Explanation:  Genetic variation is an important force in evolution as it allows natural selection to increase or decrease frequency of alleles already in the population. Genetic variation is advantageous to a population because it enables some individuals to adapt to the environment while maintaining the survival of the population.  

All species must reproduce to survive. Organisms cannot live forever, so they must reproduce to allow their species to continue to live on. Reproduction is nature's way of allowing a species to survive.

Higher heritability means the trait evolves faster; fewer generations are required for the trait to increase to the same degree as a trait with lower heritability. For this reason, genetic correlation and heritability show how a trait might change from one generation to the next and into the future.

Una parte de la radiación
infrarroja es absorbida
por los gases de efecto
invernadero. ¿En qué capa
de la atmósfera tiene lugar
este fenómeno?

Answers

La troposfera es la capa de la atmósfera donde una parte de la radiación infrarroja es absorbida por los gases de efecto invernadero.

En la capa de la troposfera, que es la capa más baja de la atmósfera, hay vapor de agua, dióxido de carbono, metano y algunos otros gases que son responsables de la absorción de la radiación infrarroja. Parte de la radiación infrarroja se escapa al espacio, pero una parte es detenida y absorbida por los gases de efecto invernadero presentes en la atmósfera.

Esta absorción de radiación infrarroja por los gases de efecto invernadero contribuye a un aumento de la temperatura de la superficie de la tierra y de la atmósfera. Entonces, podemos concluir que la troposfera es la capa de la atmósfera donde una parte de la radiación infrarroja es absorbida por los gases de efecto invernadero.

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which of the following cells contain a plasma membrane?

Answers

Explanation:

Like prokaryotes, eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane (Figure 3.9) made up of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that separates the internal contents of the cell from its surrounding environment.

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Answers

Answer:

Viruses used in gene therapy are retroviruses, adenoviruses, adeno-associated virus, herpes simplex, and vaccinia. Retroviruses are most commonly used because they can incorporate their genetic material into the host cell’s DNA, thus changing the genetic component of that cell.

Explanation:

Gene therapy is a medical field which focuses on the genetic modification of cells to produce a therapeutic effect or the treatment of disease by repairing or reconstructing defective genetic material. The first attempt at modifying human DNA was performed in 1980 by Martin Cline, but the first successful nuclear gene transfer in humans, approved by the National Institutes of Health, was performed in May 1989. The first therapeutic use of gene transfer as well as the first direct insertion of human DNA into the nuclear genome was performed by French Anderson in a trial starting in September 1990. It is thought to be able to cure many genetic disorders or treat them over time.

Gene augmentation therapy.

Gene inhibition therapy.

Killing of specific cells.

I think this is what you want but i'm only 14 and in 10th so sry if its not

how are the 5 levels (cell tissue organ system and organism) of organization in living things similar to the levels of organization in a school building?

Answers

Answer:

student_teacher_principal_proprietor_minister of education

_____ cells are long to carry impulses quickly from one place to another

Answers

Answer:

Neuron cells

Explanation:

Neurons use axons to carry nerve impulses

Answer:

i thinks they are called neurons/nerve cells

Explanation:

A partial marine food web is shown.

image

Which of the following lists only organisms that are secondary consumers in this food web?

A.
euphausilds, sweeps, water fleas, sea urchins

B.
crabs, pilchards, blennies, snappers

C.
blennies, sweeps, tiger sharks, dolphins

D.
bull kelp, sweeps, water fleas, dinoflagellates

Answers

Crabs, pilchards, blennies and snappers are the examples of secondary consumers.

Crabs, pilchards, blennies and snappers are considered as secondary consumers because they feed on primary consumer which feed on producers such as plants and algae. Secondary consumer are those organisms which feed on herbivorous organisms or primary consumers.

They can feed on producers due to different digestive system so we can conclude that crabs, pilchards, blennies and snappers are the examples of secondary consumers.

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what is this i tried doing it but i just dont get it at all 7.5 + n + 9.63.

Answers

Answer:

+17.13

Explanation:

brainliest please

Solving?

Answer:

n+17.13

Explanation:

Add the numbers

7.5+n+9.63

17.13+n

Rearrange terms

17.13+n

n+17.13

Solution

n+17.13

The _______ horn is the region at the rear of the spinal cord that receives inputs from receptors in the skin.

Answers

Answer:

Dorsal

Explanation:

what is the process of producing energy in living organisms ​

Answers

Answer:

cellular respiration

Explanation:

What organisms does lactic acid fermentation occur in.

Answers

Answer:

It occurs in Yogurt Bacteria

What is the structure of the forebrain that connects the two hemispheres of cerebrum?

Answers

Answer:

c. Corpus callosum

Explanation: is correct

Answer:

corpus callosum

Explanation:

right on test

How does evaporative cooling work biology.

Answers

The necessary heat of evaporation is extracted from the sweat itself, which leads to a heat transfer from the liquid into the gaseous state. This results in a cooling effect (called evaporative cooling) that helps to maintain body temperature and cools the body down when it gets too hot.
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