Respiration (both aerobic and anaerobic) begins with glycolysis in the cytoplasm of a cell;
1 glucose molecule (C₆H₁₂O₆) is converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate in a 10-step process, consuming 2 ATPs and yielding 4 ATPs;
Additionally, 2 NAD+ molecules are reduced to NADH molecules;
In aerobic respiration, each pyruvate molecule then goes through the link reaction, getting converted to acetyl co-A in the mitochondrial matrix, producing 1 CO₂ molecule and 1 reduced NADH molecule;
Acetyl co-A then enter the Krebs or tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) where 2 CO₂, 1 ATP, 3 NADH (by reduction of NAD+) and 1 FADH₂ molecules are produced;
The NADH and FADH₂ molecules produced are electron carriers required for the electron transport chain (ETC);
The electron transport chain consists of 4 proteins within the inner mitochondrial membrane which are involved in the production of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation;
The first protein (C1) is responsible for oxidising NADH to NAD+, releasing energy used to generate the proton motive force (PMF) by pumping the protons (H+ ions) into the intermembrane space and the electrons released are transferred to a ubiquinone molecule;
The second protein (C2) is responsible for oxidising FADH₂ to FADH, also releasing energy used to generate the proton motive force (PMF) and, similarly to C1, the electrons released are transferred to ubiquinone;
The third protein complex (C3) transfers the electrons from ubiquinone to cytochrome C;
Finally, cytochrome C transfers these electrons to the fourth complex (C4), where they combine with free protons in the matrix and O₂ to to produce H₂0;
The PMF is then harvested via an ATP synthase protein where H+ flood back into the mitochondrial matrix, and the energy released is used to generate ATP from ADP and Pi;
ATP is now ready for use for bodily processes requiring it.
Question 1) Discuss how compounds in different types of organisms can be used to benefit people? ( Will Mark Brainliest).
please help me last question!
Answer:
statement A is correct.... the glucose product in the photosynthesis is the substrate for respiration
You are competing at a high school gymnastics meet. Your floor routine music begins
and you start running in a positive direction into a tumbling pass, starting from rest.
At 2s, your velocity is 4.5m/s. Calculate your acceleration.
Your Answer:
Answer
units
Answer:
2.25 m/s^2
Explanation:
Acceleration is the speed which you are increasing by per second. Therefore to find acceleration all you need to do is divide the change in velocity (4.5) by the time (2). Your units than become (m/s)/s or m/s^2.
what is the name of the part of an eukaryotic cell that contains digestive enzymes,which break down complex molecules into simpler ones or destroy or damage unwanted cells?
a. Lysosome
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Mitochondria
d. nucleus
Answer:
a. Lysosome
Explanation:
From the THREE LAWS OF MOTION, choose 1 law then state the law and give an example.
Answer: The first low of motion states that an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force. This is also knows as the law of inertia. One example of this is a ball. A ball stays put unless you push in which case it keeps on moving. However, it stops because of the force known as friction.
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Answer:
Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion with the same velocity unless acted upon by what we call an unbalanced force
Explanation:
For example, my cup of coffee is resting on my kitchen table as I make this lesson. The force of gravity pulling down is balanced by the force of my kitchen table pushing up on my cup of coffee. Now, if I am to move my coffee, I must apply an external force to disrupt the balance. Thank goodness my muscles are strong enough to apply such a force so I can enjoy my cup of coffee. Ah, now that's good joe! Newton's first law of motion is also referred to as the law of inertia
If a 1000 bp of DNA were inserted between the two restriction sites, how would the banding pattern on the gel differ from the one you drew in part a
Osteoporosis is more prevalent among women than men because women generally
have more bones in their bodies than men have.
take in more calcium than men take in.
have lower bone mass than men have.
exercise more than men do
Answer:
Have lower bone mass than men have
Explanation:
Osteoporosis is a bone thinning disease that is more prevalent among women than men and typically occurs after 50. The reason women are more likely to get the disease than men is because after 50 many women have gone through or are going through menopause. Menopause causes the ovaries to produce less estrogen which is what had previously been promoting bone density.
The other answers are incorrect because...
A: have more bones in their bodies than men have: for the most part everyone has the same amount of bone in there body (although there are diseases that cause a persons bones to fuse together making them have fewer bones than the average person)
B: take in more calcium then men take in: more calcium would actually cause someone to be less likely to get osteoporosis because it strengthens the bones.
C: exercise more than men do: Osteoporosis is more common in malnourished women and women who do not get regular physical activity to strengthens there bones. So getting more exercise would actually lessen the chance of getting osteoporosis.
Hope this helps! :)
In the example of the predator/prey web in the grassland community on Bylot Island, a rise in the snowy owl population would have what effect on the snow goose
Predator/prey web relationship is found in all ecosystem. A rise in the snowy owl population would have what effect on the snow goose in that The snow goose population would rise due to lemming, and subsequently fox, populations declining.
Food webs often has predator/prey relationships. They show the direct relationships in ecosystems such as the predator-prey relationships. Predators includes big cats such as cheetahs and lions. They often hunt prey in temperate grasslands.In North America, predators such as wolves, coyotes and foxes mostly hunt for mice, rabbits and deer.
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What Emma pushes a bag with a force of 27 Newton's the coefficient of Connecticut friction between the bag and the floor is 0.23 what is the normal force acting on the bag by the floor
What key environmental factors determine the location of terrestrial ecosystems?
Answer: Temperature and rainfall
Explanation:
An individual has the genotype tt. He marries a woman who can taste PTC paper. They have 2 kids - one who can taste and one who can't. Based upon this information, what can you say about the mother's genotype?
Answer:2
Explanation:
26
list five traportance of science to men
1. Science is the greatest collective endeavor. It contributes to ensuring a longer and healthier life, monitors our health, provides medicine to cure our diseases, alleviates aches and pains, helps us to provide water for our basic needs – including our food, provides energy and makes life more fun, including sports, music, entertainment and the latest communication technology. Last but not least, it nourishes our spirit.
2. Science generates solutions for everyday life and helps us to answer the great mysteries of the universe. In other words, science is one of the most important channels of knowledge. It has a specific role, as well as a variety of functions for the benefit of our society: creating new knowledge, improving education, and increasing the quality of our lives.
3. Science must respond to societal needs and global challenges. Public understanding and engagement with science, and citizen participation including through the popularization of science are essential to equip citizens to make informed personal and professional choices. Governments need to make decisions based on quality scientific information on issues such as health and agriculture, and parliaments need to legislate on societal issues which necessitate the latest scientific knowledge. National governments need to understand the science behind major global challenges such as climate change, ocean health, biodiversity loss and freshwater security.
4. To face sustainable development challenges, governments and citizens alike must understand the language of science and must become scientifically literate. On the other hand, scientists must understand the problems policy-makers face and endeavor to make the results of their research relevant and comprehensible to society.
5. Challenges today cut across the traditional boundaries of disciplines and stretch across the lifecycle of innovation -- from research to knowledge development and its application. Science, technology and innovation must drive our pursuit of more equitable and sustainable development.
Which of the following is a biotic limiting factor? a. Fire b. Earthquake c. Hurricane d. Predators
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write the protein formed from the following DNA strand. TACGCGASSTTAGAT
Answer:
These proteins are VirD2, a single molecule of which is covalently linked to the 5′ end of the T strand (8, 12, 15, 30, 32), and VirE2,
Explanation:
air is made of ____and ____
Answer:
Air is made up of:
Nitrogen (78%)Oxygen (21%)Other gases (1%)Explanation:
Hoped this helped.
Which of the following materials is a good electrical conductor?
rubber
ceramic
plastic
copper
Answer:
copper
Explanation:
Copper has the best electrical conductivity of any metal, except silver. A good electrical conductivity is the same as a small electrical resistance. An electric current will flow through all metals, however they still have some resistance, meaning the current needs to be pushed (by a battery) in order to keep flowing.
list the steps of reasoning that Darwin gave to explain the process of natural selection
Answer:
variation,inheritance,high rate of populations growth,differential survival and reproduction
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Into which part of the bacteria cell is the human gene for insulin inserted?
Answer:
plasmid
Explanation:
plasmid
The human insulin gene is inserted into each plasmid. The plasmid acts as a vector - it is used to transfer DNA from one organism to another. Bacterial cells are made to take up the genetically modified plasmids.
. Why are cellular respiration and photosynthesis considered almost opposite processes?
A. Photosynthesis releases energy, and cellular respiration stores energy.
B. Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
C. Photosynthesis produces excess water, and cellular respiration uses water.
D. Photosynthesis removes oxygen from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
Answer:
B. Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
Choose. The correct answer
Answer:
1.d
2.b
3.a
4.d
5.c
6.b
7.d
8.c
9.a
10.c
Explanation:
hope it helps you ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Which of the following statements apply to leukocytes? Select all that apply.
Multiple select question.
They eject major organelles when mature.
They are capable of protein synthesis.
They live approximately 120 days.
They retain their organelles throughout their life time.
They are not uniform in form and function.
Explanation:
leukocytes are white blood cells. mainly 4 killing bacterial infections.
Leukocytes are the specialized cells which are a part of blood. These are known as white blood cells. These protects the body. These produce antibodies. Thus, the correct options are B, D, and E.
What are Leukocytes?
Leukocytes are the white blood cells. These are a type of specialized cell type which is present in blood along with erythrocyte and plasma. Leukocytes are primarily responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and germs by producing antibody proteins which fight against these organisms.
Leukocytes are irregular in shape. They can change their shape to engulf or kill the bacteria which enters the blood to prevent disease. Erythrocytes change their shape which allows them to pass through the capillaries which are very tiny.
Therefore, the correct option is B, D, and E.
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In what type of organism is cell differentiation
necessary?
A. prokaryotes
B. kingdom archaebacteria
C. single-celled organisms
D. multi-cellular organisms
Label the process in the carbon cycle
Answer:
Photosynthesis
Explanation:
uhmm i think
what are the production characteristics of hampshire swine?
They have erect ears. The belt is a strip of white across the shoulders that covers the front legs around the body.
I also need help with dis plz?
Which of the following is true about respiration in plants? Question 3 options:
A. Plants do not respire.
B. Plants respire at night.
C. Plants respire all the time.
D. Whereas animals produce carbon dioxide, plants produce oxygen at the end of respiration.
Answer:
plants respire at night
9. How are humans changing the soundtrack to the oceans?
Answer:
human-driven noise
Explanation:
The international team of researchers found human-driven noise – including vessel noise, coastal development, exploration, naval operations, dredging, pile driving, and deep-sea mining – is changing the natural soundtrack, and further disrupting the behaviour, reproduction and physiology of marine life.
Armani broke his arm while playing soccer. His doctor recommends he change his diet while healing. Which is most likely to be a change Armani should make? *
Answer:
not really a pro at health but I can try! I would say have a different diet while healing and stay home from soccer and let it heal. he should go to therapy daily for updates to see if his arm is healing or not. he should not take to much pressure onto his arm.
Explanation:
Assume that a cross is made between tall and dwarf tobacco plants. The F1 generation showed intermediate height, whereas the F2 generation showed a distribution of height ranging from tall to dwarf, like the original parents, and many heights between the extremes. These data are consistent with _____________ inheritance
U find out your self
Where has the population reached the carrying capacity in the graph shown
above?
A. Point A
B. Point D
C. Point B
D. Point C
Answer: the correct answer is D
Explanation:Carrying capacity is characterized as the maximum populace size that a domain can continue inconclusively. For most species, there are four factors that factor into figuring the carrying capacity of an individual population: food accessibility, water resources, habitat, and ecological conditions.
In a graph representation of population size in a time period increases until it reaches carrying capacity, carrying capacity is representing in the graph where the increase in curve becomes stable and makes a plateau.