Toll-like receptors are eukaryotic membrane proteins that bind with bacterial surface molecules and: ____________

a. cause the cell to phagocytize the bacteria.
b. activate the complement cascade.
c. cause the release of antibiotics to kill the bacteria.
d. form channels through which bacterial proteins can enter the eukaryotic cell.
e. cause the release of cytokines that trigger host defenses against the bacteria.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

release cytokines that trigger host defenses against the bacteria

Explanation:


Related Questions

Which type of resources form much more slowly than we use them? A: reusable B: renewable C: nonreusable D: nonrenewable

Answers

nonrenewable resources are used commonly and are quickly running out, and it takes longer for us to form more of these.

The type of resources from much more slowly than we use them is non-renewable resource. The correct option is D.

What are nonrenewable resources?

A non-renewable resource is a natural resource that cannot be replaced quickly enough by natural means to keep up with consumption.

Carbon-based fossil fuels are one example. With the help of heat and pressure, the original organic matter is converted into a fuel such as oil or gas.

Nonrenewable energy sources are not only affecting our planet's atmosphere by increasing greenhouse gas emissions.

Coal and oil combustion emits particles that can pollute the air, water, and land. Some of these particles are captured and stored, but many are released into the atmosphere.

The use of fossil fuels also disrupts Earth's "carbon budget," which balances carbon in the ocean, earth, and atmosphere.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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the ames test is used to determine whether or not a compound causes __________.

Answers

Answer:

mutations

Explanation:

the ames test is used to determine whether or not a compound causes mutations in DNA

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if sodium hydroxide is left alone what state would it turn into ?

Answers

Answer:

It will react with the carbon dioxide that is in the air

Explanation:

When it reacts it will turn to sodium carbonate

Hope this Helps

A trait that is masked or hidden unless there are two is called ...

(Mendelian Genetics Notes)

(1 Point)


an allele

recessive

dominant

incomplete dominant

Answers

Answer:

recessive gene

Explanation:

mainly masked by thee dominant gene eg Tt where T is dominant over t,,,there t is recessive..

100!!! POINTS!!!!
On the map, take a close look at the boundary along southern California and Mexico’s Baja California Peninsula. The arrows on the map show the direction and speed of the plates along this boundary in millimeters per year. Based on the speed and direction of the arrows, identify the type of plate boundary at this location. Which landforms or events are likely to occur there as a result? (Hint: It may be helpful to model the motion of the plates using your hands or pieces of paper.)

Answers

Explanation:

Thus, at convertgent boundries, continental crust is created and oceanic crust is destroyed. Two plates sliding past each other forms a transform plate boundry

The area around the convergent boundries, continental crust is created then the oceanic crusts were destroyed.

What are land forms?

The term land form is used to describe the physical features that describe the geography of any particular area.

Looking at the map, in the area around the convergent boundries, continental crust is created then the oceanic crusts were destroyed.

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transcription begins at a promoter. what is a promoter?

Answers

Answer:

A site in DNA that recruits the RNA Polymerase

Explanation:

I'm working on an assignment and they all seem true to me. Help?

Which of the following statements about plants is not true?
a. They make their food from carbon dioxide and water through photosynthesis.
b. Land plants have cell walls that help hold their stems upright.
c. They have adaptations that help prevent water loss.
d. Plants absorb food through their roots.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

because plants use atmospheric carbon dioxide and water absorbed from the earth to create organic matter in the process of photosynthesis. On that occasion, oxygen is released.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

I hope this is correct, since every other version I've seen of this question option A is water and oxygen.

1. Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is TRUE?
A. Are affected by factors such as temperature and pH
B. Are made up of proteins
C. Function as biological catalysts
D. All of the above

Answers

Answer:

D. All of the above

Explanation:

Enzymes are proteins, act as biological catalysts, and are sensitive to factors like pH and temperature.

Hope this helps!

the ________ includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus.

Answers

Answer:

the skin includes the dermis, epidermis and hypodermis

Explanation:

it's the layer of skin

which organelles do both plant and animal cells have in common?

Answers

Animal cells and plant cells share the common components of a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria and a cell membrane. Plant cells have three extra components, a vacuole, chloroplast and a cell wall.

which of these organs is an accessory organ of the digestive system?

Answers

Answer:

Where is the picture??

Explanation:

which part of the flower or needed to make seeds?​

Answers

Answer:

Ovary is the part of the flower which is needed to make seeds

Some fungal species live in or on plants, producing compounds that can kill herbivores while feeding off of sugars from its plant host. What type of relationship does this fungus have with its host

Answers

This is a symbiotic relationship because both the plant gets benefitted with protection from the fungus, and the fungus gets benefitted by getting food from the sugars in the plant.

how would you expect the return of the wolves to yellowstone to affect the other species there?

Answers

Due to the wolves being the natural predator of some species, like elk, the population would likely be impacted after the reintroduction of the wolves. These wolves would hunt their prey, causing a drop in population.

What would be the safest way to reduce the impact of the the non-native red fire ant while minimizing the impact on other organisms

Answers

Answer:

The red fire ant is indigenous to South America. In recent years, this invasive species has become a pest for both humans and other ants

crop destruction

What would be the safest way to reduce the impact of the non-native red fire ant while minimizing the impact on other organisms?

A pouring gasoline on ant mounds

B

spraying broad-spectrum pesticides

с

release a species of fly that will prey on the fire ants

D

treating all species of ants with ant killer

Answer: Release a species of fly that ill prey on the fire ants

Explanation:

I assume that was the question with the answers and I had the same question thru study island so here ya go

Where is the center of the cold air mass? ( name the region of the state near the center)

Answers

The center of this air mass is a high pressure center located in northern Montana

When is it important to drink water?

Answers

Answer:

d. All of the above

Explanation: correct

Answer:

? why did you post this

Explanation:

What are the effects of enzymes on chemical reactions? Select all of the answers that apply.

Answers

Enzymes have multiple effects on the chemical reaction

Answer:

Enzymes will make chemical reactions go faster. Enzymes are catalysts which will lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction. Activation energy is the energy needed to get a reaction going.

Explanation:

what are the selections?

what are the effects of pollution on the atmosphere?

Answers

Answer:     This can kill crops or reduce their yield. It can kill young trees and other plants. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide particles in the air, can create acid rain when they mix with water and oxygen in the atmosphere.

Explanation:

2
What is the JOB of the cell membrane?

Answers

To protect and organize cells.

Cellular respiration is a complex process that

1- occurs before autotrophs are able to carry out photosynthesis

2- occurs only in animals that take in oxygen

3- is performed only by organisms that are incapable of photosynthesis

4- breaks down organic molecules to release stored energy

Answers

The answer is option 4

Clouds form when the water vapor in air condenses as

Answers

Answer:

Clouds form when the invisible water vapor in the air condenses into visible water droplets or ice crystals. For this to happen, the parcel of air must be saturated, i.e. unable to hold all the water it contains in vapor form, so it starts to condense into a liquid or solid form.

Explanation:

Which part of the cell does this illustration represent?


Calvin cycle center


mitochondria


cytoskeleton


endoplasmic membrane system

Answers

Answer:

Mitochondria

Explanation:

The mitochondrion is an organelle found in both animal and plants cells. However, it is not found in prokaryotic cells. The mitochondrion is most famously known as the powerhouse of the cell because it produces ATP. The defining visual feature of mitochondria is the wavey-like pattern within the organelle.

How is the gametophyte stage in gymnosperms different from the gametophyte stage of mosses


Will give brain list

Answers

The multicellular diploid plant structure is called the sporophyte, which produces spores through meiotic (asexual) division. The multicellular haploid plant structure is called the gametophyte, which is formed from the spore and give rise to the haploid gametes.

Why is it necessary to prepare karyotypes by viewing somatic.

Answers

Answer:

Cells can be made to divide and mitosis can be halted at metaphase; both sets of chromosomes need to be examined.

I hope this helps.

what is called renewable energy and nonrenewable energy​

Answers

Answer:

Resources are characterized as renewable or nonrenewable; a renewable resource can replenish itself at the rate it is used, while a nonrenewable resource has a limited supply.

Explanation:

Renewable resources include timber, wind, and solar while nonrenewable resources include coal and natural gas.

Answer:

The type of energy which can be used again and again is called renewable energy.

The energy which cannot be used again and again is called non renewable energy.

how do you propagate trees​

Answers

Answer:

The simplest method of propagating a tree vegetatively is rooting or taking cuttings. A cutting (usually a piece of stem of the parent plant) is cut off and stuck into soil.

Remove any flowers or fruit on the cutting. Trim the stem to just below where the bottom most leaf meets the stem. On each of the leaves on the stem, cut off half of the leaf. Put the end to be rooted.

Which of the following sentences state a significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants? Traits are inherited in discrete units and are not the result of "blending." Genes are composed of DNA. Recessive genes occur more frequently in the F1 generation than do dominant ones. There is considerable genetic variation in garden peas.

Answers

Mendel concluded that the alternative forms of each trait are coded by discrete factors, which were called alleles that combine in pairs to express the trait. Traits are inherited in discrete units and are not the result of "blending."

------------------------

After making many crosses that involved different traits -such as plant height, or flower colors-, Mendel observed that, per trait, the F1 only expressed one of the alternative forms, while de other one disappeared.

Mendel named dominant the expressed variant.

Mendel then let these new plants auto pollinate and observed the results in the second generation, F2.

He saw that the variants that had previously disappeared among the F1, reappeared again. Both alternatives for each trait were present in the F2.

Mendel named recessive the second alternative variant.

Mendel explained his results by arguing that discrete factors were responsible for these phenotypes.

These factors should have been present in the F1 in pairs.

One of them came from one parental plant, and the other factor came from the other plant.

These factors separated again during sex cells formation, producing two types of gametes, each with only one factor.

Mendel conclusion about his experiments was that per trait -flower color of plant length-, each plant had a pair of factors -which he named alleles-, and that each factor coded for one of the alternative forms of the traits -white or purple, tall or short-.

He thought that alleles separate -segregate- during the process of gamete formation.

The First Mendel's Law is the first conclusion he took about his experiments and is known as the segregation principle.

 

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Why is the muscular system needed for respiration to occur in the human body?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

the muscular system is needed for respiration to occur in the human body because the diaphragm is a muscle iteslf and the diaphragm inflates the lungs

What is an opposing viewpoint to the idea that climate change is real? (no links)

Answers

Well, some could say that climate change is just another phase of earth acting up again because millions of years ago, the earth warmed up to a point where there was practically no ice and we’re just waiting in the process. But err, I don’t know. Most people who think climate change isn’t happening are those who aren’t experiencing it in real time so….
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