The findings show that the repercussions of the slave trades are through ethnic fragmentation, weakened governments, and a fall in the caliber of domestic institutions, which is consistent with the historical evidence.
What is the main idea of the Atlantic slave trade?The largest maritime migration in history may have been the Atlantic slave trade from Africa to the New World. The New World's native population had been declining quickly due to a lack of immunity to imported illnesses, which was the driving force for this seafaring push to acquire labor. Shortly after the Spanish and Portuguese arrived in the Americas, the Atlantic slave trade started. A Portuguese slaving trip from Africa to the Americas in 1526 is most likely where the transatlantic portion of the African slave trade got its start. Millions of Africans were forcibly uprooted from all throughout West and Central Africa between roughly 1500 and 1900, and they were cruelly transported across the Atlantic by Europeans.To learn more about Atlantic slave trade refer to:
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Based on the maps and your knowledge of world history, which of the following best describes the effect of the spread of Islam on Indian Ocean trade?
answer choices
- It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes.
- It led to the disappearance of previously established trade networks.
- It led to an expansion of land-based caravan trade but also to a decline of maritime trade.
- It led to the first creation of trade links between previously isolated world regions.
The option that best describes the effect of the spread of Islam on Indian Ocean trade is that A.
It led to the expansion and intensification of commerce along already existing trade routes.
How did the spread of Islam affect trade?Another reason of the rapid growth of Islam was the increase in trade. Not like early Christianity, Muslims were not resistant to contribute in the trade and profit; Muhammad(S.A.W) himself was a merchant.
As new regions came under the orbit of Islamic civilization, this given specific religion provided merchants with a safe and sound way for trade.The Indian Ocean marketplace is a series of economic exchanges in the regions of East Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, and China that played a big role in the spread of Islam.
The concept of religion was just one of the ideas that flowed with the travelers, traders, and goods of the Indian Ocean. Shared religious belief may increase trust and therefore lessen transaction costs between trading partners. This effect should be particularly important for goods that are sensitive to trust. So we can conclude that option A is the right answer.
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Which describes the motion of the plates?
a. the hanging wall and footwall both move vertically.
b. shearing is causing the plates to slide past each other.
c. the hanging wall moves down in relation to the footwall.
d. compression is causing the plates to move toward each other.
Answer: The answer is D compression is causing the plates to move toward each other.
Explanation: The explanation is that plates move in a rotational manner. The North American Plate, for example, rotates counter-clockwise; the Eurasian Plate rotates clockwise. Boundaries between the plates are of three types: divergent (i.e., moving apart), convergent (i.e., moving together), and transform (moving side by side).
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Name a country that has an isthmus located within its borders
Answer:
One country that has an isthmus located within its borders is Panama. Panama is a country located in Central America that is bordered by Costa Rica to the west and Colombia to the east. It is connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama, a narrow strip of land that stretches for about 80 kilometers (50 miles) between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean.
The Isthmus of Panama has played an important role in the history and development of Panama and the surrounding region. It is the site of the Panama Canal, a man-made waterway that allows ships to pass between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The canal, which was completed in 1914, is a major shipping route and has had a significant impact on global trade and commerce.
In addition to the Panama Canal, the Isthmus of Panama is also home to a diverse range of plants and animals, including many species that are found nowhere else in the world. It is an important ecological corridor that links the forests of Central and South America and supports a wide range of biodiversity.
Answer:
Explanation:
sthmus of Panama, Spanish Istmo de Panamá, land link extending east-west about 400 miles (640 km) from the border of Costa Rica to the border of Colombia.
Discuss sedimentary rocks under the following heading:-
a. mode of formation
b. characteristics
C. types
d.examples
A. Mode of Formation: Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment is deposited and compacted over time. This sediment can be transported by rivers, wind, glaciers, and other geological processes.
B. Characteristics: Sedimentary rocks typically have layered or stratified textures, with different colors and compositions depending on the type of sedimentary material. Sedimentary rocks may also contain fossils or other signs of ancient life.
C. Types: Sedimentary rocks can be divided into two main types, clastic and chemical. Clastic sedimentary rocks such as sandstone and shale are composed of pieces of other rocks that have been broken down and cemented together. Chemical sedimentary rocks such as limestone and dolomite are formed from the chemical precipitation of material from water.
D. Examples: Examples of sedimentary rocks include sandstone, shale, limestone, dolomite, and coal.
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Sedimentary rocks are the most common rocks exposed on Earth’s surface but are only a minor constituent of the entire crust, which is dominated by igneous and metamorphic rocks. Sedimentary rocks are produced by the weathering of preexisting rocks and the subsequent transportation and deposition of the weathering products.
a) The mode of formation of sedimentary rocks is lithification-:
To begin, existing rocks are eroded and weathered, which entails the physical breakdown of the rocks and the subsequent transfer of the debris away from the original rock.Sediments are frequently created as a result of chemical degradation caused by rainfall or dissolution. As most sediments are carried by wind or flowing volumes of water such as rivers or glacial ice, gravity plays a significant role in assisting transportation.The sediments begin to deposit once they have been transported. When subjected to an appropriate temperature and air pressure, slit deposition can also occur as a result of precipitation. Sedimentary rocks like organic reefs are one example.Once the sediments begin to deposit, layers of these sediments begin to pile up on top of one another in a process known as burial.Through the process of lithification, these sediments become compacted and cemented into solid rocks once they reach a particular depth. Sedimentary rocks are created in this manner. Chalk, clay, flint, and shale are some of the most prevalent sedimentary rocks.b) Characteristics of sedimentary rocks
Sedimentary Rocks have mud cracks.
These rocks house beddings that are of different sizes ranging from thin laminas to the thick stratas.
Sedimentary rocks have more fossils i.e. the remains of living organisms in their rock layers.
They have a different color which primarily ranges from white to red.
The raindrops leave marks on sedimentary rocks known as rain prints. Similarly, the rocks that travel with water feature ripple marks.
c) Types of sedimentary rocks
Organic Sedimentary Rocks
This rock type mainly consists of coal and limestones, which are formed due to the accumulation and deposition of dead plants and animals in rock layers.
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
This type of rock is formed when rock layers are formed due to the mechanical weathering of different rock types.
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
This type of rock is created when minerals that are present in rock forms undergo a chemical reaction that causes them to cool as precipitates over time before changing back to rock form.
d) Examples of sedimentary rocks
Coal, Limestone, Dolomite, Chert, Flint, Gypsum, Rock Salt
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which of the following best describes an aquifer? group of answer choices a saturated, porous and permeable layer or stratum the porous and permeable, saturated cone of depression in an aquitard an unsaturated, losing stream bed or stratum below a spring a layer or stratum in which groundwater flows downward to the water table
A saturated, spongy, and impermeable layer or stratum is what the phrase defines as an aquifer.
How do aquifers work?An aquifer is a rock that contains water and easily transports it to wells and springs. The aquifers can be penetrated by drilling wells and then filled with water. Rainfall replenishes the aquifer's permeable sandstone with water over time.
The formation of aquifers?Stormwater, which is produced by precipitation and snowmelt, seeps into the earth until it reaches layers of rock formation, where it is trapped and stored underground, filling aquifers. The permeable rocks of aquifers are refilled by rainwater that seeps into the soil.
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which plate boundary is not associated with volcanoes? group of answer choices continent-continent convergent boundary ocean-ocean convergent boundary ocean-continent convergent boundary divergent plate boundaries
Volcanism is not connected to continental convergent borders. Here option A is the correct answer.
Normally, volcanoes do not originate at transform borders. This is due, in part, to the fact that there is little to no magma present near the plate border. The iron/magnesium-rich magmas that form basalts are the most prevalent along productive plate edges.
The majority of the volcanoes are found in these geologically active borders. Divergent and convergent plate boundaries are the two types of plate boundaries that are most likely to result in volcanic activity.
Volcanoes are created by subducting plates. Subduction at a convergent plate boundary is the cause of many of the volcanoes in the world. The release of pressure leads to melting along divergent plate borders. Long fissures or breaks in the earth cause lava to flow.
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Which of the following statements describes the relation between what we observe and the predictions of the nebular model of the formation of the Solar System?
a. The model predicts icy planets nearest to the Sun and we observe icy planets there.
b. The model predicts icy planets throughout the Solar System and we observe icy planets only far from the Sun.
c. The model predicts icy planets throughout the Solar System and we observe icy planets everywhere.
d. The model predicts icy planets throughout the Solar System and we observe icy planets only nearest to the Sun.
e. The model predicts icy planets farthest from the Sun and we observe icy planets there.
Answer:
a. The model predicts icy planets nearest to the Sun and we observe icy planets there.
Explanation:
The nebular model is a theory that explains the formation of the Solar System from a cloud of gas and dust known as the solar nebula. According to this model, the solar nebula collapsed under its own gravity to form the Sun and the planets. As the solar nebula cooled, solid particles called planetesimals formed. These planetesimals collided and merged to form the planets. The model predicts that the inner planets, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, formed from material that was rich in rocks and metals, while the outer planets, including Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, formed from material that was rich in ices such as water, methane, and ammonia. The model also predicts that the Kuiper Belt, a region of small, icy objects beyond Neptune, contains leftover planetesimals that did not form into planets. Observations of the Solar System support this model, including the presence of icy planets in the outer Solar System.
In the Southern Hemisphere about ___ percent of the surface is land.
a. .019
b. 19
c. 78
d. 1.9
e. 55
In Southern Hemisphere about 19% of the surface is land.
Earth's surface is divided to two hemispheres. The one above the equator is Northern Hemisphere and the one below the equator is the Southern Hemisphere.
Northern Hemisphere contains more land area. The Northern Hemisphere is about 60.7% water and 39.3% land. About 70% of land area is found in the Northern Hemisphere.
Southern Hemisphere have 80.9% water and 19.1% land. Due to the less land mass, population density is lower in the Southern Hemisphere. The climate is milder, yielding to the large amount of water. The seasons are usually opposite to that of the Northern Hemisphere. It is summer during November to February and winter during June to August.
So in the Southern Hemisphere, about 19.1% area is land.
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What were slaves used for in Africa?
Slavery in historical Africa was précised in many different forms: Debt slavery, enslavement of war captives, military slavery, slavery for prostitution, and enslavement of criminals were all practised in various parts of Africa
What was the purpose of slavery in Africa?European traders were drawn to West Africa by its trade riches like ivory and gold. Slaves in West Africa rose in value as demand for inexpensive labor to work on plantations in the Americas increased among European traders. Before the arrival of the Europeans, slavery existed in Africa. The African port of Ceuta was taken over by the Portuguese in 1415 with papal help, making them the first so-called "Western" slavers in Africa. The Portuguese and Spanish were enslaving the native people in central and southern America during the 15th century, therefore there was only a tiny amount of native Africans traded as slaves.Slavery existed in historical Africa in a variety of forms, including: In various parts of the world, slavery for debt, slavery of prisoners of war, slavery in the military, slavery for prostitution, and slavery of criminals all existed.To learn more about slavery for prostitution refer to:
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What will happen if the Earth absorbs all the incident energy?
If the Earth absorbs all the incident energy, it is likely that the Earth's surface and atmosphere will heat up significantly. The Earth's surface and atmosphere absorb a portion of the energy from the sun's rays, which helps to keep the planet warm and habitable for life. However, if the Earth absorbs all of the incident energy, it could lead to an increase in the Earth's temperature, which could have negative consequences for life on the planet.
Some potential consequences of the Earth absorbing all the incident energy could include:
Global warming: An increase in the Earth's temperature could lead to global warming, which is the long-term warming of the planet due to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This could lead to rising sea levels, more frequent and severe heatwaves and storms, and changes in weather patterns.
Damage to ecosystems: A significant increase in the Earth's temperature could lead to changes in the distribution and behavior of plants and animals, which could have negative impacts on ecosystems around the world. For example, warmer temperatures could lead to the spread of invasive species, while also stressing or killing off native species that are adapted to cooler temperatures.
Negative impacts on human health: Higher temperatures could lead to increased heat-related illnesses, such as heatstroke and dehydration, as well as increased air pollution and other environmental health risks.
Therefore, it is important for the Earth to absorb a balanced amount of incident energy, rather than all of it.
how has the desert landscape of the sahara influenced historical migration patterns in africa?
Answer: The Sahara Desert has facilitated the spread of disease in Africa. The Sahara Desert has served as a barrier to travel and migration. The Sahara Desert has attracted migrants to the area to herd cattle.
Explanation: North Africa’s primary connection with the Middle East and Central Asia is that Islam diffused to North Africa from the Middle East and Central Asia. Today, it is a Muslim-dominated realm with Arabic as its primary language. Historically, the ethnicity of North Africa was predominantly BerberThe main ethnic background of the African groups in the Maghreb. with the nomadic TuaregNomadic ethnic group of the Sahara known for its indigo-colored clothing and use of camels for transportation. and other local groups interspersed. When Islam diffused into North Africa, the Arab influence and culture were infused with it. Modern Egypt has become the cornerstone of the Arab world; more Arabs live in Cairo than in any other city on Earth. The three main areas of interest are the Maghreb of the northwest; the Nile River valley in the east; and the African Transition Zone, where the Sahara Desert transitions into the tropical type A climates of Central Africa’s equatorial region.
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List 3 examples of a continually shifting population and densely population urban areas that have shaped US population patterns.
The Great Lakes, the Pacific coast, the Northeast, and the New England region are the most densely populated regions in the country.
Briefly explain population patterns in the USThe distribution of the population in the USA is not uniform. The shift of individuals from rural to urban areas has occurred over time in the United States. Population changes over time are influenced by natural change, internal migration, and external migration. Cities grew as a result of people migrating to cities in pursuit of employment and automated agriculture requiring fewer employees.
Today, the majority of Americans reside in urban regions. When compared to rural settings, where residents are dispersed across a much more sparsely populated terrain, cities tend to have more concentrated populations. Coastal places that draw individuals seeking a pleasant climate and economic possibilities, as well as locations with historic concentrations of American commerce and industry, lead to a population cluster there. A considerable portion of the population of the United States is concentrated in coastal regions with robust economies that are connected to international trade.
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Who controls things in a command economy?
Why did the Atlantic slave trade increase in the 1700s?
The Atlantic slave trade, which involved the transportation of enslaved African people to the Americas, increased significantly in the 1700s due to a number of factors.
One factor was the increasing demand for labor in the Americas. As European colonizers established plantation systems in the New World, they needed a large workforce to cultivate and harvest crops such as sugar, tobacco, and cotton.
The indigenous populations of the Americas had been devastated by diseases brought by the Europeans, so there was a shortage of labor. As a result, the slave trade became an important source of labor for the plantations.
Another factor was the expansion of European colonies in Africa. European powers such as Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and Britain established trading posts and colonies in Africa, which allowed them to more easily capture and transport enslaved Africans to the Americas.
Finally, advances in transportation and communication also contributed to the increase in the slave trade. The development of faster and more efficient ships made it easier to transport large numbers of enslaved people across the Atlantic Ocean, while the expansion of European trading networks facilitated the sale and exchange of enslaved people.
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Studies of interplanetary space have indicated thatChoose one:A.the Earth's magnetic field is non-spherical.B.interplanetary space is less dense than interstellar space.C.both Mars and Venus lie within our Solar System’s habitable zone.D.the planets in our Solar System do not orbit within the same plane.
According to studies of the interplanetary medium, the latter is less dense than the former.
Interplanetary space, or interplanetary medium, is the term used to describe the area of space that is contained within our Solar System. The majority of people aren't interested in space since they are so enthralled by the planets, the Sun, and other celestial bodies. In the end, there is nothing in space, right? It's a popular fallacy that space is a pure vacuum, however it contains particles like dust, cosmic rays, and burning plasma that solar winds spread.
Around the Earth, there are only around 5 particles per cubic centimeter of interplanetary space; as one moves away from the Sun, the density drops even more. Other factors, such as magnetic fields, have an impact on these particles' density as well. About 99,727°C is the temperature of the interplanetary medium.
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What are the 4 types of maps?
There are many different types of maps that can be used for a variety of purposes. Here are four common types of maps:
Political maps: These maps show the boundaries between countries, states, and other political divisions, as well as major cities and other features.
Physical maps: These maps show the physical features of an area, such as mountains, rivers, and lakes. They may also show elevations and other topographic features.
Thematic maps: These maps focus on a specific theme or subject, such as population density, climate, or natural resources.
Road maps: These maps show the layout of a road network and may include information about distances, locations of towns and cities, and points of interest.
There are many other types of maps as well, including aerial and satellite maps, nautical charts, and geological maps.
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Of the following, ________ are market mechanisms for addressing climate change. A) carbon neutrality and carbon aggression policies
B) international treaties from global conferences
C) mitigation and adaptation
D) cap-and-trade and carbon offsets
E) carbon taxes and fee-and-dividend benefits
Answer:
D) cap-and-trade and carbon offsets
Explanation:
I remember answering this question before, and I am pretty sure the answer is D. If I am wrong, I am sorry!
How long do 2nd degree burns take to heal?
Second-degree burns typically heal in 7 to 21 days. The burnt region may scar and change color permanently in either a darker or lighter direction. A second-degree burn is one that blisters after being scalded.
Skin's epidermis and a portion of its dermis are both affected by second-degree burns. The burn site looks red, has blisters, and may be unpleasant and swollen.
Antibiotic ointment can be used to treat any minor open areas that are still present at the donor site. Report any areas of redness, warmth, or heightened discomfort to your burn care professional.
They will support you and your family throughout the whole process of caring for, treating, and recovering your kid. When a burn is of the second degree, it will be wet and seeping, with patchy pink and white coloration and frequent blisters.
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What is the primordial source of Earth's internal heat?
What is wind? What causes wind?
Answer:
Wind is the movement of air, caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun and the Earth's own rotation. Winds range from light breezes to natural hazards such as hurricanes and tornadoes.
Explanation:
In a low pressure system, does rising air get warmer or colder?
Answer:
WarmerExplanation:
Areas where the air is warmed often have lower pressure because the warm air rises. These areas are called low pressure systems. Warm air is lighter (less dense) than cold air and consequently exerts less pressure.• Kumusta, I Hope it helps :)feature of rainy weather for grade 4
Answer:
Explanation:
High heat, high humidity, extensive clouding and several spells of moderate to heavy rain with strong surface winds are the chief characteristics of this season.
Which action is an example of secondary prevention in disaster management for Montcalm County?
Reduced harm after a sickness or injury has affected a person or population is referred to as secondary prevention. Assess the needs of disaster victims.
This is typically thought of as curative care in medicine; however, in the context of public health, it may refer to the use of epidemiological and disease control methods to slow the spread of an epidemic. Steps made in advance of a disaster to lessen its impacts on society and the environment are referred to as mitigation. Prevention is defined as regulatory and physical measures to guarantee that emergencies are averted or their effects are mitigated. The goal of environment is to lessen the likelihood that you will experience a tragedy. Even if the risk cannot be environment, vulnerability can be reduced, and the ability to endure, respond to, and recover from an disaster will increase in the event of an impact. To save as many lives as possible while working with limited resources is the aim of pandemic triage. Triage will prevent fatalities. The goal of disaster is to treat the maximum number of patients with the best treatment possible, not to deny care to any patients. This entails giving the proper amount of care.
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greenhouse gases have very small trace amounts in the atmosphere. how would the earth's temperature and humidity react if their amount decreases
A decrease in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would cause the Earth's temperature to decrease and the decrease in greenhouse gases could also lead to a decrease in humidity levels.
In recent years, the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has been increasing, leading to global warming and climate change. Greenhouse gases are important for regulating the temperature and humidity of the Earth's atmosphere, as they help to trap heat within the atmosphere and warm the planet.
Firstly, a decrease in the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would cause the Earth's temperature to decrease. This is because the greenhouse gases act as a blanket, trapping heat within the atmosphere and preventing it from escaping into space. Without these gases, the heat would be able to escape more easily, resulting in cooler temperatures. This could have a significant effect on the planet's climate, as it could cause temperatures to drop and lead to colder weather in certain parts of the world.
Additionally, the decrease in greenhouse gases could also lead to a decrease in humidity levels. This is because the gases help to retain moisture in the atmosphere, which is necessary for maintaining a certain level of humidity. Without these gases, the moisture in the atmosphere would be able to escape more easily, leading to lower levels of humidity. This could have a significant effect on many parts of the world, as it could cause drier conditions in certain areas, leading to droughts and other problems.
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Which of the following are characteristics of actively erupting volcanoes?
Following are characteristics of actively erupting volcanoes glowing orange lava flowing downhill, fragments of molten rock blasting into the air, billowing clouds of ash rising into the air
A volcano is a crack in a planetary-mass object's crust, like Earth, that lets hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most frequently found where tectonic plates are separating or joining together, and the majority are underwater.
A volcano is considered active if it is now erupting or is expected to do so in the near future. A dormant volcano is an active volcano that is not currently erupting.
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Complete Question:
Which of the following are characteristics of actively erupting volcanoes?
a. glowing orange lava flowing downhill
b. fragments of molten rock blasting into the air
c. billowing clouds of ash rising into the air
d. all of them
Select the correct answer. Why is this statement not a hypothesis? sunflowers require soil and plenty of sunlight and water to grow and thrive. A. It is a well-known fact. B. It is a proven theory. C. It is not falsifiable. D. It is difficult to test.
Answer:
A. It is a well-known fact.
Explanation:
A hypothesis is an opinion about an observation, not a fact.
Incised meanders and terraces are __________.
a. created by a rise in base level
b. erosional features
c. depositional features
d. examples of local base level
e. formed by a graded stream
Incised meanders and terraces are created by a rise in base level.
A meander is a river channel bend. They are form when river water erodes the banks on either side of the channel. The water deposits sediment on the channel's interior. Meanders are found only on flat land where the river is large and well-established. .
Incised meanders are particularly well developed meanders that form when a river's base level falls, giving the river a large amount of vertical erosion power and allowing it to downcut. Incised meanders are classified into two types: entrenched meanders and ingrown meanders.
Hence, the correct answer is "A".
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What was the Second Agricultural Revolution called?
Answer:the British Agricultural Revolution
Explanation:
The Second Agricultural Revolution, also known as the British Agricultural Revolution, took place first in England in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. From there it spread to Europe, North America, and around the world.
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Question 76 2 pts Natural levees are created during
O low-flow conditions
O none of the above -- all levees are man-made
O floods
O normal-flow conditions
Question 83 2 pts Temperatures decrease with increasing altitude in what two atmospheric layers?
O troposphere and mesosphere
O troposphere and stratosphere
O stratosphere and thermosphere
O stratosphere and mesosphere
Question 84 2 pts Which of the following is not exogenic in nature?
O erosion
O batholith formation
O weathering
O mass wasting
Natural levees are created during floods . Correct option (c).
Troposphere and mesosphere two atmospheric layers Correct option (a)
weathering is not exogenic in nature. Correct option (c)
Floods are the most frequent type of natural disaster and occur when an overflow of water submerges land that is usually dry. Floods are often caused by heavy rainfall, rapid snowmelt or a storm surge from a tropical cyclone or tsunami in coastal areas.
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. Most of the mass (about 75-80%) of the atmosphere is in the troposphere. Most types of clouds are found in the troposphere, and almost all weather occurs within this layer.
The mesosphere is a layer of Earth's atmosphere. The mesosphere is directly above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It extends from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above our planet. Temperature decreases with height throughout the mesosphere.
Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes in temperature are all agents of weathering. Once a rock has been broken down, a process called erosion transports the bits of rock and mineral away.
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What are challenges that scientists and health workers have in treating the disease in Africa?
Answer:
The first three challenges identified were inadequate human resources (34.29%), inadequate budgetary allocation to health (30%) and poor leadership and management (8.45%).
Explanation:
Healthcare systems in Africa suffer from neglect and underfunding, leading to severe challenges across the six World Health Organization (WHO) pillars of healthcare delivery.
SOLUTION TO THIS PROBLEM
The leading solutions suggested included training and capacity building for health workers (29.69%), increase budgetary allocation to health (20.31%) and advocacy for political support and commitment (12.31%).
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