What are the 4 evidences that support the theory of evolution?

The nucleic acid molecule that allows transmission of genetic material and protein synthesis is called messenger RNA. This messenger RNA serves as an intermediate for protein synthesis because DNA is protected in the nucleus.

What is translation?

process by which cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA).

There are two main types of nucleic acids. two types are DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid, and RNA or ribonucleic acid. Both of these molecules serve function in gene expression.

RNA carries genetic information that is translated by ribosomes into various proteins necessary for the cellular processes. mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA are the three main types of RNA involved in the protein synthesis. RNA also serves as primary genetic material for viruses.

Translation, second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm.

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The stomach lining is able to heal itself the fastest, followed by the skin, and then the liver.

What do you mean by the stomach lining?

The stomach lining is the innermost layer of the stomach, made up of cells that produce digestive enzymes and secretions that help break down food. This layer also helps protect the stomach from the acidic environment within the stomach.

The stomach lining is able to heal itself quickly because it contains specialized cells that can quickly make new tissue to replace damaged cells. The skin is also able to heal quickly because it is made up of many layers of cells that can quickly reproduce to form new skin. The liver is able to regenerate itself, but it takes longer than the stomach lining or skin because the liver is made up of fewer cells and the process of regeneration is more complex.

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If you crossed a tall pea plant TT with a short one TT all the offspring will be tall.

Dominance is the phenomena in genetics where one allele (variant) of a gene on one copy of a chromosome obscures or overrides the impact of another allele (variant) of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome. [1][2] Dominant refers to the first variant, and recessive to the second.

In both Mendelian inheritance and traditional genetics, dominance is a crucial idea.

No allele or its features are inherently dominant (phenotype). One allele of a given gene may be dominant over a second allele of the same gene, recessive to a third allele, and co-dominant with a fourth allele; the relationship between two alleles of a given gene of any function is strictly relative.

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Twice the number of chromosomes in a haploid cell (n).

The number of potential chromosomal pairings in gametes is 2n (two to the ‘n’ power, where ‘n’ is the number of chromosomes in the haploid set). So, for 2n = 4, n = 2, and gamete number = 22 = 4, the answer is 4. Furthermore, for 2n = 6, n = 3, and gamete number = 23, the answer is 8.

As a result, an organism with cells 2n=6 is diploid and contains 6 chromosomes in total. In other words, this creature contains three chromosomal pairs. We will use the formula nCr = n! / r! * (n – r)! to compute combinations, where n represents the total number of things and r indicates the number of items picked at a time.

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Types of data were researchers able to collect about the gray whale migrations:

Most grays migrate to forage in the Arctic during the summer. Meanwhile, the winter migration originates in the waters off Baja California, Mexico where they feed the newborn calves. The annual round trip is taken by more than 10,000 million.

The gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus) frequently migrates in large flocks along the west coast of North America. With a width of between 13 – 16 meters, these pauses often live in calm and warm waters as a haven from predators.

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Errors in replication, exposure to ultraviolet radiation and exposure to chemicals are some factors that increase the chance of a genetic mutation happening in your cells.

A mutation or a genetic mutation is basically a change in the DNA sequence of a gene which leads to the production of something different. It  is able to create a permanent change to that particular gene's DNA sequence. Genetic variations are although important as they allow evolution in humans. They can also sometimes cause genetic disorders.

Replication is the process by which the DNA replicates itself. Sometimes errors happen in replication which can change the sequence of the DNA and cause mutations. Exposure to some environmental chemicals and also to ultraviolet radiation can cause mutation and alter the DNA sequence.

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Increased demand for electricity and transportation have led to increased emission of greenhouse gases.

Green house gases has been defined as those gases that are able to trap and re-radiate infrared radiation back to the earth thereby gradually causing a rise in the temperature of the earth. This phenomenon is known as global warming.

The chart from which the question should be answered is not shown but it must be known that as demand for electricity and transportation increased in the 20th and 21st century, the rate of emission of greenhouse gases increased likewise.

Therefore, Increased demand for electricity and transportation have led to increased emission of greenhouse gases.

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A mutation is a change in the DNA of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal cell's nucleic acid sequence. DNA or RNA may be present in the viral genome.

Mutations may be caused by mistakes in DNA replication, viral replication, mitosis, meiosis, or other types of DNA damage (such as pyrimidine dimers from ultraviolet radiation exposure). Damaged DNA may then experience error-prone repair, notably microhomology mediated end joining, or it may result in a replication mistake or an error during another kind of repair (translation synthesis). Mutations can also be caused by the insertion or deletion of a DNA sequence due to mobile genetic elements.

A mutation may or may not have an impact on the phenotype the observable characteristics of an organism. The part that mutations play in both healthy and biological processes that cause disease, including as cancer, evolution, and the maturation of the immune system, including junctional diversity. Mutation is the source of all genetic variation, and it also serves as the rationale for the operation of evolutionary forces like natural selection.

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Answer:

How do calicos reproduce? Due to their unique genetic makeup (and the fact that male calico cats are born sterile), calico cats cannot actually be bred. Rather, nature produces these colorful kitties randomly.

Explanation:

Sex outside of marriage is the kind of sex which is prohibited in the Bible and it is also considered as a sin.

Within Christian circles, it's assumed God only wants us to have sex if we are wedded. Sex outside of marriage is one of the clearest, irrefutable proscriptions in Christianity. If someone have sex outside of their marriage with someone else than it is considered as a great sin.

The Bible's origin is both mortal and godly — not just from God and not just from humans.That single author of Bible was believed to be Moses, the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites out of prison in Egypt and guided them across the Red Sea toward the Promised Land.

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Reason behind Frameshift mutations are severe because A) When a frameshift mutation occurs, it causes changes in many bases downstream and can affect many of the amino acids in the protein.So,correct option is A.

Fundamentally, a frameshift mutations causes changes in the hereditary material, codons, and proteins, which can prompt numerous difficulties and issues, some of which are the Tay-Sachs sickness, however it can likewise make an individual be more inclined to specific malignant growths.

A frameshift mutations (likewise called an outlining mistake or a perusing outline shift) is a hereditary change brought about by indels (additions or cancellations) of various nucleotides in a DNA succession that isn't distinct by three. Because of the trio idea of quality articulation by codons, the inclusion or erasure can change the understanding edge (the gathering of the codons), bringing about something else altogether from the first. The previous in the succession the erasure or addition happens, the more changed the protein. A frameshift mutation isn't equivalent to a solitary nucleotide polymorphism in which a nucleotide is supplanted, as opposed to embedded or erased.

Hence,correct option is A.

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The purpose of the world on the turtle's back is because they think that there must be both good and evil in order to keep the world in a state of equilibrium.

According to tradition, the creator goddess severed the cosmic turtle's legs and used them to raise the sky after another god had harmed them. Even if it doesn't exactly put a terrapin at the center of the cosmos, it nonetheless places one there to keep the sky from collapsing.

The nice and the evil are not always what they seem to be, and vice versa, since there is always something within each and every person that can pull them in any direction. as shown in "A World on a Turtle's Back," a short fiction.

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One of the most well-known fossilised human ancestor species is known as "Lucy," thus the nickname.

A "funny bone narrative" could be used to describe Lucy's discovery. Johanson found the first piece of Lucy's skeleton at the area of her ulna closest to the elbow when you bump your ulnar nerve in your elbow, it presses against your humerus and gives you that tingly, "funny bone" feeling. Johanson was able to determine from Lucy's shattered ulna's size and shape that it definitely belonged to a primate and might very well be the fossilised remains of a hominin. When Johanson and Gray carefully searched the earth, they were happy to find a great deal more fossilised bone fragments, including pieces of a skull, mandible, ribs, pelvis, thighs, and feet.

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A feature that the stomach and the small intestine have in common is mucus secreting cells.

The three parts of the intestinal wall are the ileum, jejunum, and intestine. It aids with the further metabolism of foods that are stomach-born. In order for the body to use water, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, it absorbs them from meals. The tiny intestine is a part of the digestive system.

Digestion fluids are produced in our stomach to help in the breakdown of food. It stores food until it is ready to be discharged into our small intestine.

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The first reaction in the image is hydrolysis reaction and the second one is condensation reaction.

The process of changing one group of chemical compounds into another is referred to as a chemical reaction.

A condensation reaction is a kind of chemical reaction in organic chemistry where two molecules join to produce one molecule, typically with the loss of a minor molecule like water.

The process is also referred to as a dehydration synthesis if water is lost during it.

The hydrolysis reaction is the reverse of a condensation reaction and involves two molecules (often H2O) reacting to form two distinct molecules.

Hydrophobic compounds can't dissolve or mix with water. Hydrophobic substances are those that naturally repel water, resulting in the formation of droplets.

Thus, as in the first reaction, water molecule is used to break the bond so it is hydrolysis, as well as the removal of water molecule in second reaction shows condensation reaction.

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According to the cell theory, cells make up every biological entity; they are the basic building block of life, and all life originates from earlier forms of life.

1) Cells make up all living things. 2) All of the existing cells were created by other live cells. 3) The simplest form of life is the cell.

Theodor Schwann put forth the classic cell theory in 1839. This theory consists of three components. Including the first section, cells make up all organisms. The basic building blocks of life are cells, according to the second section.

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The answer is Physical Erosion

Orcas can't even come close to holding their breath for as long. Their maximum duration is approximately 15 minutes, but we typically observe them surfacing for air every 3-5 minutes when traveling or every minute when moving quickly.

The orca, also known as the "killer whale," is the largest member of the dolphin family and is a whale with teeth. These large marine mammals are easy to spot due to their black-and-white coloring, large dorsal fin, and sleek body. On the fluke's undersides, ventral surface, and lower jaw, bright white is the predominant color. The distinctive patterns serve as a method of concealment when they are searching for food.

Whales, like humans, breathe in oxygen through their lungs. However, rather than breathing through their mouths, they breathe through their nostrils, which are the blowholes on top of their heads. They can easily breathe through the blowhole without lifting their entire head out of the water.

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Getting unevenly aged stands through a selection process. Compared to even cutting, this uneven growth and trimming would boost biodiversity.

Tree stands that are uniform in age are all the same age. These trees are all of the same type and are planted at the same time. Therefore, setting up a biosphere reserve is the most efficient strategy to preserve a region's plant diversity. Ex-situ methods of conservation, such as seed banks, botanical gardens, and tissue culture, involve removing organisms from their natural habitat. By sucking carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and storing it, forests aid in reducing the rate of climate change. Since the excess of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the main cause of climate change, this is a direct consequence.

The complete question is - Which management practices attempts to minimize ecological impact by allowing some trees in a forest to grow to maturity?

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The type of data that would be necessary to consider the hypothesis that acid precipitation caused the loss of the salamander were, Acids that enter the atmosphere primarily affect ecosystems located less than 100 kilometers from the source of the pollution. Corrects answer: letter C.

Acid precipitation is known to affect ecosystems that are located near the source of the pollution. This is because acid precipitation can be carried through the atmosphere and deposited in the surrounding areas, affecting the habitats and species that are found there.

By determining the distances between the source of the pollution and the ecosystem where the salamander was lost, it can be determined if acid precipitation was likely to be a factor in its loss. Data would also be needed on the types and concentrations of acids that are found in the air near the source of the pollution and the salamander's ecosystem, as well as the pH levels in both areas.

Which of the following types of data would be required in order to consider the hypothesis that acid precipitation caused the loss of the salamander?

A) sulfuric acid and nitric acid from the burning of fossil fuels are the major causes of acid precipitation.

B) larger organisms lost from freshwater ecosystems because of acidification may not return even decades after ph values have returned to normal.

C)Acids that enter the atmosphere primarily affect ecosystems located less than 100 kilometers from the source of the pollution.

D) Though lakes are very sensitive to acidification, their ph can return rapidly to normal values.

E) regulation of emission sorces has raised the ph of precipitation in many parts of the eastern united staes in the last two decades.

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An appropriate null hypothesis that might be used to test the claim is that the synthesis of organic molecules from inorganic molecules is conceivable both at the levels of atmospheric oxygen present today and on early Earth.

When investigating the possibility that life may have started on the planet, it is vital to take into account the concept that organic molecules can be created from inorganic ones both under conditions of current atmospheric oxygen levels and those present on primitive Earth.

In order to more thoroughly investigate the potential of life's genesis on Earth, this null hypothesis offers evidence that organic molecules can arise without the presence of life.

We can learn more about the many chemical processes and reactions used to create organic molecules by looking at them.

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Out of 3,000 calico cats born, only one is male. These cats are so rare that they are often referred to as feline "unicorns."

99.9% of calico cats are feminine. Two X chromosomes are required to produce a three-color (calico) coat, and an XX pair also makes the cat female. The calico fur pattern is mostly white, along with patches of two other colors. Also, since a cat's coat color is linked to her X chromosome in her cells, calico cats rarely become male. Male cells acquire only one X chromosome. That is, men usually have only one color.

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Answer:

These are variable expenses.

Explanation:

These are needs. They are necessary because one can't survive without them.

The major functions of the cilia are locomotion, attachment, feeding and sensation.

The ciliary apparatus is connected to cell cycle progression and proliferation, and cilia play a vital part in human and animal development and in everyday life.

The length of a single cilium is 1-10 micrometres and width is less than 1 micrometre.

Cilia are broadly divided into two types. They function separately and sometimes together:

'Motile' (or moving) cilia are found in the lungs, respiratory tract and middle ear. These cilia have a rhythmic waving or beating motion. They work, for instance, to keep the airways clear of mucus and dirt, allowing us to breathe easily and without irritation. They also help propel sperm.

Primary cilia appear typically as single appendages microtubules on the apical surface of cells and lack the central pair of microtubules (e.g. in kidney tubules).

In the kidney, for example, cilia bend with urine flow and send a signal to alert the cells that there is a flow of urine.

In the eye, non-motile cilia are found inside the light-sensitive cells (photoreceptors) of the retina. These cilia act like microscopic train-tracks, and allow the transport of vital molecules from one end of the photoreceptor to the other.

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Answer

(mitosis steps first)

Prophase II: Starting cells are the haploid cells made in meiosis I. Chromosomes condense.

Metaphase II: Chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate.

Anaphase II: Sister chromatids separate to opposite ends of the cell.

Telophase II: Newly forming gametes are haploid, and each chromosome now has just one chromatid.

The synthesis of organic molecules from inorganic molecules is possible under current atmospheric oxygen levels as well as those found on primitive Earth is an appropriate null hypothesis that could be used when investigating the claim.

The hypothesis that organic molecules can be synthesized from inorganic molecules under current atmospheric oxygen levels, as well as those found on primitive Earth, is an important one to consider when researching the claim that life could have originated on the planet.

This null hypothesis provides evidence that organic molecules can form without the presence of life, allowing us to explore the possibility of life's origin on Earth in a more comprehensive manner.

By studying the various chemical reactions and processes involved in the synthesis of organic molecules, we can gain a better understanding of the conditions that were necessary for the emergence of life.

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The tail of the comet always points away from the sun no matter what direction the comet travels. Because the solar wind always blows out from the sun!

If a neurosurgeon directly stimulates the somatosensory cortex, the most likely experience would be the sense of being touched.

Somatosensory cortex is the part of the brain involved in receiving and processing of the information received from the senses of the body like touch, pain, temperature, etc. The region of the brain where the cortex is present in the parietal lobe.

Senses are the specialized organs of the body that make the individual aware of its surroundings. These senses act as receptors that receive the information from an external stimuli. There are 5 types of senses in human body: touch, vision, hearing, smell and taste.

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