The freezing point of a solution of 15.0 g NaCl (sodium chloride) and 250 g water is -4.4°C.
What is freezing point?Freezing point is the tempreture at which a liquid turns into a solid. It is the temperature it is the molecules of liquid stop moving really and start to format solid crystal structure.
This is because the freezing point depression of a solution is proportional to the molality of the solute. The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol, so the solution has a molality of 0.25 m. Using the formula for freezing point depression, ΔTf = i Kf m, where i is the van't Hoff factor (2 for NaCl), Kf is the freezing point depression constant (1.86°C/m), and m is the molality, we can calculate that the freezing point depression of this solution is 0.46°C, resulting in a freezing point of -4.4°C.
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Why do thunderclouds grow very tall?
Answer:
This lift usually comes from differences in air density. Warmer, less dense air rises upward, creating lift. As the air lifts higher and higher, it causes a storm cloud to grow taller and taller. Thunderstorm clouds can rise up to 10 miles into the air!
the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
....is called an ATOM .
What is the molarity of C2H5OH water solution which will freeze at 10 degree Celsius?
The molarity of C2H5OH water solution which will freeze at -10 degree Celsius is 5.3 molar.
What is molarity?
A solution's molar concentration, also known as molarity, is the number of moles of solute present in a specific number of liter of the solution, or moles per liter.
Two indicators are used to measure it: the volume of the solution and the quantity of solute molecules. In essence, liter are used to measure the volume of the solution. "M" stands for "molarity."
According to the given question:
The depression if the freezing point
ΔTf = i ⋅ Kf ⋅m
ΔTf = -10 °C= 10 K = the depression if the freezing point
i = 1= van't Hoff's factor (ethanol is non electrolyte and does not dissociate in aqueous solution).
Kf =1.86 Kkg/mol= molal depression in freezing point constant
m= molality
ΔTf =i⋅ Kf ⋅m
10 K=1×1.86 K kg/mol × m
m=5.3 mol/kg=5.3 m
Hence, the molality of solution is 5.3 m.
Complete question:
What is the molality of C2H5OH in water solution which will freeze at -10 degree Celsius?
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How many moles of O2 are needed to prepare 1.00 gram of Ca(NO3)2?
Ca + N2 + 3O2 → Ca(NO3)2
A) 183 moles
B) 366 moles
C) 0.00200 moles
D) 0.0183 moles
Answer:
0.0183 moles are needed
question another sample of eggshell reacts completely with 4.0ml of an hcl(aq) solution of unknown concentration. if the reaction produced 0.095atm of gas, the concentration of the hcl(aq) solution was at least
The concentration of the HCl (aq) solution was at least 1.0 M.
What is concentration?
The abundance of a constituent divided by the sum of the mixture's volumes is the definition of concentration in chemistry. There are several different categories of mathematical description: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration
P = 0.095atm(corresponds to 0.20g of CaCO3
so,moles of CaCO3 =0.20g/100gmol⁻¹=0.002moles
moles of HCl =(molesₓCaCO3ₓ2)=0.002ₓ2
M=0.004/4ₓ100
Concentration of HCl=1M
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Which phrase describes the movement of air in general?
A. from high pressure to low pressure
B. from north to south
C. from south to north
D. from low pressure to high pressure
The statement above which identifies the best phrase which describes the movement of air in general is: from high pressure to low pressure.
The correct answer choice is option a.
What is meant by air?Air is regarded as a mixture due to the fact that it contains different substances such as carbon dioxide, oxygen, rare gases, dust, water , moisture and so on and so forth. However, air usually moves from high pressure to low pressure simply because as air particles warm, it usually ascends, leading to low pressure at the surface.
In conclusion, we can now confirm and deduce from the explanation given above that air too moves from one point to another.
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The molecular geometry (shape) of the H3O+ ion is
O octahedral
O trigonal planar
O trigonal pyramidal
O bent
O tetrahedralPrevious question
Option C; The molecular geometry (shape) of the H3O+ ion is trigonal pyramidal.
A cation The hydronium ion is also known as H3O+. If we look at the nomenclature for the hydronium ion, we can see that it can also be referred to as oxonium in the IUPAC nomenclature.
The name hydronium must be used to specifically identify hydronium ions because "oxyonium" is a broad term for all trivalent oxygen cations.
19.02 g/mol is the molar mass of the hydronium ion.
The three hydrogen atoms in H3O+ form a triangle at the three corners of oxygen, and one single pair of electrons on oxygen gives H3O+ its pyramidal shape.
The hydronium ion has the chemical formula H3O+. Any time an acid dissolves in water, the hydronium ion is created.
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How do water and land surfaces differ in their abilities to absorb and radiate heat energy?
Land absorb more radiation from the solar energy than water and retains the absorbed heat.
As the earth surface is darker compared to the water surface, more radiations gets absorbed, so it heats up quickly. Water surface reflects most of the incoming radiations, so it takes longer for water to get heated. Also, it takes less energy to rise the temperature on land than water, because water has higher specific heat capacity. Also water cools downs slowly because of this.
Due to this difference in heating and cooling properties of land and water, the differences in temperature and air mass movement occurs across land and water. During day time, as it absorbs more radiations, the land gets heated up quickly and temperature of water changes only slightly. During night, the temperature of lands drops quickly, but water will retain the temperature for long period.
Thus land gains and lose heat quickly compared to water and this result in climatic changes across different areas.
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What Is The Product Of The Following Reaction Sequence:
Answer:
H +O2 gives H20 means water
C + O2 gives Co means carbon monoxide
Al+ O2 gives Al2O3 means Aluminium oxide
Mg +O2 give MgO2 means magnesium hydroxide
Q.) Oxidation number of P in PO4³, of S in SO4² and that of Cr in Cr₂O7² are respectively:
(a) +3, +6 and +5
(b) +5, +3 and +6
(c) +3, +6 and +6
(d) +5, +6 and +6
I need the solution of C.
The maximum volume of carbon dioxide that can be formed at RTP would be 0.48 L.
Stoichiometric problemSodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid according to the following balanced equation:
[tex]Na_2CO_3 + 2HCl -- > 2NaCl + H_2O + CO_2[/tex]
The mole ratio of the sodium carbonate that reacts to the carbon dioxide that is produced is 1:1. Thus 0.020 mol of sodium carbonate will be equivalent to 0.020 mol of carbon dioxide.
At room temperature and pressure (RTP), 1 mole of gas is equivalent to 24 L of gas.
Thus, 0.020 mol carbon dioxide would be equivalent to:
0.020 x 24 = 0.48 L
In other words, the maximum volume of carbon dioxide that can be produced from the reaction at RTP is 0.48 L.
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A gas mixture containing oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide has a total pressure of 42.9 kpa. what is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide if the partial pressure of oxygen is 6.6 kpa and the partial pressure of nitrogen is 23.0 kpa?
a. 29.6 kpa
b. 19.9 kpa
c. 13.3 kpa
d. 36.3 kpa
e. 14.3 kpa
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Whatever is left :
42.9 - 6.6 - 23 = 13.3 kpa
Answer:
13.3 kpa
Explanation:
a 31.0 g sample of a metal is heated to 69.84 oc, then is placed in a calorimeter containing 55.26 g of water. temperature of water increases from 22.15 oc to 26 oc. what is the specific heat of the metal?
The specific heat of the metal is 25.58°C. The amount of heat required to increase the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius (°C) is known as specific heat.
Since water has a higher specific heat than other substances, it requires more energy to raise its temperature.
Calculation:The heat lost by zinc metal = heat gained by the water-q = q
-mcΔT = mcΔT ……..(1)
Where m is used to denote the mass.ΔT represents the temperature change.
c represents the specific heat capacity.
It is assumed that the initial temperature of the zinc metal = T.
The specific heat capacity (c) of water = 4.184 J / g °C.
Putting values in equation (1) -(-31.0g) × (69.84) × (26°C - T) = (55.26g) × (4.184J/g°C) × ( 26°C - 22.15°C)
2165.04 × (26°C - T) = 889.29 J
56291.04 - 2165.04 T = 889.29
- 2165.04 T = -55401.75
T = -55401.75/-2165.04
T = 25.58°C
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what mass of hi should be present in 0.300 l of solution to obtain a solution with each ph value?
0.054 gm of of HI should be present in 0.300 l of solution to obtain a solution with each pH value.
A solution's pH is a measure of its hydrogen ion concentration, which is a measure of its acidity. Pure water dissociates slightly into hydrogen and hydroxyl (OH) ions in equal proportions.
In chemistry, pH is a scale used to quantify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It was traditionally denoted as "potential of hydrogen". The pH of acidic solutions is lower than that of basic or alkaline solutions.
Indicators may be used to monitor pH since their colour varies as the pH changes. A visual comparison of the colour of a test solution with a standard colour chart allows for precise pH measurement to the closest whole integer. Color may be quantified more precisely if it is measured spectrophotometrically with a colorimeter or spectrophotometer.
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3. Why were you able to identify your unknown? Explain in terms of the electronic structure of atoms.
(In other words: Why were each of these flames a different color?)
If you need more room, attach a separate sheet of paper.
Each natural element has a distinctive light spectrum that makes it easier to distinguish it from samples of unidentified or unknown compounds.
How can the electrical structure of atoms be used to identify unknown elements?The atomic number and the number of protons in an atom are the two characteristics that can be utilized to identify an element. Although it can vary depending on the atom in question, the number of neutrons and electrons is often equal to the number of protons.
What does a compound's electrical structure entail?The series of energy levels that a bound electron may occupy makes up the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. Numerous distinguishing features of an atom or molecule, including as their chemical, optical, and electrical capabilities, are determined by this electronic structure.
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Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through which of the following processes?
(a) neutron bombardment
(b) gamma emission
(c) positron emission
(d) beta emission
(e) neutron emission
The Correct option is C.
Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through the process of positron emission.
What is Positron emission?Positron emission tomography (PET) is a technique that measures physiological function by looking at blood flow, metabolism, neurotransmitters, and radiolabelled drugs. PET offers quantitative analyses, allowing relative changes over time to be monitored as a disease process evolves or in response to a specific stimulus.
This technique is based on the detection of radioactivity emitted after a small amount of a radioactive tracer is injected into a peripheral vein. The tracer is administered as an intravenous injection usually labelled with oxygen-15, fluorine-18, carbon-11, or nitrogen-13.
Nuclides below the valley of stability can become more stable through the process of positron emission.
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What is meant by exposure route?
Exposure route can be defined as a way by means of which a person can come in contact with the hazardous chemicals, this can be prevented by wearing personal protective equipments.
What are personal protective equipments?
Personal protective equipment is a protective clothing which is worn to protect the wearer's body from hazard or injury.The hazards which can be addressed by the use of personal protective equipment are physical,chemical and bio hazards.
It imposes a barrier between the user and the working environment.The main purpose of personal protective equipment is to reduce exposure of employees to the hazards.
It has a limitation that it does not eliminate the hazard and may lead to harm to the employee if the equipment is damaged.
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.The equation shows the complete combustion of propane.
C3H8(g) + 502(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H₂O(l)
Which statement is correct?
A 10 cm³ of propane cannot burn if less than 50 cm³ of oxygen is present.
B 10 cm³ of propane would produce 40 cm³ of liquid water.
C 100 cm³ of oxygen would be sufficient to react completely with 20 cm³ of propane.
D This reaction would result in an increase in the volume of gas.
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Ten cc propane would require 50 cc oxygen TO BURN ALL OF THE PROPANE; HOWEVER, some propane will burn if some oxygen is present. If less than 50 cc not all of the propane will burn.
Atoms with a strong attraction for electrons they share with another atom exhibit
answer choices
- high electronegativity
- zero electronegativity
1 Calculate the atom economy to form copper(II)oxide from
CUCO3 -> CUO + CO₂
copper(II) carbonate
Answer:
thermal decomposition
the percent copper in an unknown copper compound is 26.30 %. what is the formula weight of the unknown compound? you may assume that one mole of the compound contains one mole of copper. enter your answer in units of amu.
The unidentified compound's weight in the recipe is To find the fraction, divide the percentage by 100. 63.55 divided by the fraction equals the molecular weight. 225.4 atomic units.
What is the purpose of copper compound?It is utilized in pyrotechnics, pyrolysis, anti-fouling coatings, flame proofing, printing, photocopying, and electrolysis operations. The atomic number 29 and chemical symbol Cu are assigned to the element copper.
What is the most typical compound made of copper?Cu2O, Cu2Cl2, and cuprous sulfide are a few of the significant commercial compounds of copper(I) (Cu2S). The mineral cuprite, which contains cuprous oxide as a reddish brown or red crystal or powder, naturally occurs.
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Which type of bond will most likely be found in HBr given that the electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.20 and the electronegativity of bromine is 2.96?an ionic bonda metallic bonda polar covalent bonda nonpolar covalent bond
A polar covalent bond.
Polar covalent bond:
A covalent bond in which the electron density is unevenly shared between the two bonded atoms, due to a difference in electronegativity or due to inductive effects.
There is a bond between the atoms, and electrons are shared, but they are pulled more closely towards one of the atoms in the bond. The atom that pulls the electrons more closely has a slight negative charge, and the other atom has a slight positive charge in the opposite direction.
In HBr, both H and Br are nonmetals so the bond must be covalent. The difference in their electronegativities is:
ΔE = |EN(H)-EN(Br)| = |2.20-2.96| = 0.76
Hence this bond recognized as Polar covalent bond.
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Atoms will combine with each in order to become more chemically stable. Compounds are formed between two atoms that have incomplete outer energy levels. The two types of compounds that can be formed between atoms are ionic and covalent. Ionic compounds are formed between two oppositely charged atoms. ionic compounds contain a metal ion and a non - metal ion:
Metals will lose electrons to form positive ions and nonmetals will gain elections to form negative ions. These oppositely charge ions are very attracted to each other and forms very strong bonds as a result.
Ionic compounds are characterized by crystalline structure.
High melting and boiling points, and are solids at room temperature.
Two non-metals will combine to form covalent compounds. Covalent compounds are formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons The force of attraction between the main relatively weak. Covalent compounds are characterized by low melting and boiling points, and can be gases, liquids and soft solids at room temperature.
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What kind of bonding does sodium bicarbonate have?
The bond formed between the sodium bicarbonate is known as ionic bonds. They are known as metallic bonds and leads to the formation of cations.
The molecular weight sodium bicarbonate of is 84.007. Sodium bicarbonate is known as an odorless white crystalline powder which can also form lumps.
They are slightly alkaline in nature having a bitter taste.
pH (of freshly prepared 0.1 molar aqueous solution) is 8.3 at 77 °F. pH (of saturated solution): 8-9.The monosodium salt of carbonic acid, sodium bicarbonate which also has alkalinizing and electrolyte characteristics is known as sodium bicarbonate.
They dissociates into sodium and bicarbonate ions by decomposition. Ion generation raises blood pH by increasing plasma bicarbonate and buffering excess hydrogen ion concentration.
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Why does C have 4 valence electrons?
Carbon has four valence electrons, so it can achieve a full outer energy level by forming four covalent bonds.
What type of bond form by carbon ?Because of its small size and ability to tightly hang on to the shared pairs of electrons, carbon forms strong bonds with the majority of other elements.
Carbon is 2,4 in its electrical form. As a result, it typically creates covalent compounds because it is unable to add or subtract four electrons to complete an octet. Methane is a prime example of such a substance (CH4).
The electrons closest to the nucleus experience the least attraction from it, making them the most reactive. Valence electrons are these electrons. The most significant part of chemical bonding is played by them.
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Determine the name for Br2O A. bromine (i) oxide B. bromine oxide C. dibromine monoxide D. bromate E. bromine (ii) oxide
the correct option is (C) dibromine monoxide
Chemical formulas are collections of symbols and numbers that describe the kind of atoms and elements that make up a molecule or compound.
Dibromine silicide is the formal dibromine monoxide name of the substance. Compounds called silicides typically contain silicon together with other electropositive components. Bromine's chemical structure is Silicon's chemical structure isIt is obvious from the given name that there are two bromine atoms.
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A student makes the following statement:
“Ozone depletion is causing global warming. When the ozone layer is destroyed, more UV light reaches Earth’s surface. An increase in UV light causes Earth to be warmer.”
Evaluate the student’s statement to decide whether you agree/disagree and support your answer
I agree with the student's statement that states that ozone depletion is causing global warming.
What is ozone layer depletion?Ozone layer depletion is the gradual thinning of the earth’s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused due to the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous bromine or chlorine from industries or other human activities.
The ozone layer is a region in the earth’s stratosphere that contains high concentrations of ozone and protects the earth from the harmful ultraviolet radiations of the sun.
Global warming is a sustained increase in the average temperature of the Earth, sufficient to cause climate change.
Greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere are the causes depletion of ozone layer, which in turn leads to global warming.
Chlorofluorocarbons or CFCs are the main cause of ozone layer depletion. These are released by solvents, spray aerosols, refrigerators, air-conditioners, etc.
Therefore, the statement made by the student is correct and I agree with it.
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What temperature is hot sink water?
The safest temperature to avoid scalding is 120 degrees Fahrenheit, but 140° seems to be the common default option. Most experts believe that any under 120 degrees Fahrenheit increases the risk of bacteria, such as legionella, which causes Legionnaire's disease, developing inside the hot water system from stagnant water.
What do Fahrenheit means?The Fahrenheit scale is a thermal scale that was proposed by physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1724. The degree Fahrenheit is the unit of measurement. Fahrenheit is a temperature scale in which ice forms at 32 degrees & boils at 212 degrees. The symbol ° F represents it.
What is temperature?Temperature is a physical measure that quantifies our feelings of hotness and coldness. A thermometer is used to measure temperature.
Thermometers are scaled in a variety of temperature scales that have historically been defined by various points of reference and thermometric substances.
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Identify the reagents needed to carry out each reaction. H20 Br NaH OH TsCI pyridine OTs TsOH Br HBr NBS KOC(CH3)3 CI H.O 2 Br 011 Cl
To solve this, we need to have a clear concept behind reactions of chemical reagent. Therefore, the reagents can be filled in below given ways.
What is chemical reagent?The word "reagent" refers to a chemical component (a compound or combination, often of inorganic or tiny organic molecules) injected into organic chemistry to produce the desired conversion of an organic material. Collins, Fenton, and Grignard reagents are among examples.
The reagent needed to carry out each reaction are:
For first reaction, reagent needed are HBr and KOC(CH[tex]_3[/tex])[tex]_3[/tex].
For second reaction, reagent needed are TsCl, pyridine and KOC(CH[tex]_3[/tex])[tex]_3[/tex].
For third reaction, reagent needed are TsOH, NBS and KOC(CH[tex]_3[/tex])[tex]_3[/tex].
For first reaction, reagent needed are Cl[tex]_2[/tex],H[tex]_2[/tex]O, NaH and HBr.
Therefore, the reagents can be filled in above given ways.
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to start, watch as we mix various metal nitrates and alkali metal salts. make observations of the salts in water. which rule matches the videos the best?
The correct statement about alkali metals and nitrate salts is c) Alkali metal salts and nitrate salts are always soluble.So,correct option is c.
Salts of the alkali metal salt and the ammonium ion, Li+, Na+, K+, and NH₄+ are used to soluble. Most importantly all metal nitrates and metal acetates are soluble.
The solvency of the metal nitrate in water containing carbon dioxide causes the arrangement of caverns with stalagtites and stalagmites and is liable for hardness in water. Other significant mixtures are the carbide, chloride, cyanamide, hypochlorite, nitrate, and sulfide. The dissolvability of silver nitrate is low to such an extent that everything except an irrelevant measure of it is hastened when overabundance sodium chloride arrangement is added to silver nitrate arrangement. What might be the heaviness of the hasten shaped when 100 ml of 0.5 M NaCl is added to 50.0 ml of 0.100 M AgNO₃.
Hence,correct option is c.
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(Complete question) is:
To start, watch as we mix various metal nitrates and Alkali metal salts. Which statement is true?
a) Alkali metal salts are soluble and nitrate salts are not.
b) Alkali metal and nitrate salts are never soluble.
c) Alkali Metal and Nitrate salts are always soluble
d)Alkali metal salts are not soluble while nitrate salts are soluble