What mass of water is needed to prepare a 1.20 molal solution using 0.60 mol propyleneglycol?

An element of group (II) loses two electrons in the process of a chemical combination. its ionic charge is + 2.

The group (II) element are the alkaline earth metals. metals have tendency to donate the electrons and form cation . the group (II) metal element have tendency to loose 2 electrons and for cation with ionic charge of +2. example :

beryllium atomic number is 4 . electronic configuration is 1s² 2s² it can loose and form Be⁺² , electronic configuration is  1s².

Thus, An element of group (II) loses two electrons in the process of a chemical combination. its ionic charge is + 2.

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When a liquid's freezing point is lowered or lowered by the addition of another component, freezing point depression occurs.

What is freezing point depression?
This will probably be the case for every issue you run into in this course involving freezing point depression as well as boiling point elevation, but it's a good idea to watch out for ions. It is important to note that both nonvolatile and volatile solutions can be modelled by these equations. This implies that the vapour pressure has no bearing on the change in temperature for the purpose of determining the freezing point depression as well as boiling point elevation. Additionally, keep in mind that a pure solvent is indeed a solution that hasn't had anything else dissolved or added to it. We'll contrast the solvent's original properties with those it acquires after being mixed with a solution.

ΔTf= Kf · b · i

ΔTf =freezing-point depression

Kf    =cryoscopic constant

b =molality

i =van 't Hoff factor

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Answer:

You have to divide grams of iron by molar mass of iron. Molar mass is the same as atomic mass.

558.4/55.8

10.007 moles

Hope this helps!!!

The energies of the states of the hydrogen atom with n=2 and n=3, and  the wavelength of the photon emitted by the atom is 656 nm.

The energy of the states of the hydrogen atom is given :

En = - ( 13.6 / n² )  eV

for n= 2 , it is given as :

En = - ( 13.6 / n² )  eV

En = - ( 13.6 / 2² )  eV

for n = 3 , it is given as :

En = - ( 13.6 / 3² )  eV

the electron jump between these two state the energy of photon emitted is :

E = | -3.4 eV - ( - 1.52 eV |

   = 1.89 eV

the energy of photon is given as :

E = h c / λ

λ = h c / E

λ = ( 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s× 3 × 10⁸ m/s ) / 1.89 × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

λ = 656 nm

Thus, The energies of the states of the hydrogen atom with n=2 and n=3, and  the wavelength of the photon emitted by the atom is 656 nm.

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Following is the order of the reactions: R1 = 1, R2 = 2, and R3 = 0.

Resistance or antagonism to an energy, influence, or movement is a reactionary act, process, or occurrence. especially: a reaction to a particular treatment, circumstance, or stimulus; leaning toward a past and typically antiquated political or social system or policy.

Chemical reaction is the transformation of one or more substances—the reactants—into one or more additional substances—the products. Elements or chemical substances help compensate compounds. In a chemical process, the electrons that make it up the reagents are rearranged to create multiple products.cts.

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Placed in boiling hot water and the freezer. Explain why the temperature was rising at a specific moment within that interval. 10.6°F/sec. 212°.

When you veer off topic, you discuss or write about a different subject for a while before returning to your original topic. I've gone off topic a bit to explain the scenario thus far, so let will now summarize. She departed from the topic of her prepared remarks to honor the president.

The definition of "digress" (pronounced "dars") in the Webster Encyclopedic English Dictionary as well as the Cambridge Dictionary is "to wander away or veer from the current topic or subject of conversation or writing."

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The entropy change of the water during this process is 5.4634KJ/K

Given:The volume of saturated liquid water in cylinder=5l

Pressure=150kpa

Q(added)=2100kg

At 150kpa,temperature is same as atm presuure=384.37k

[tex]Q=420KJ/KG[/tex]

[tex]Entropy=Q(added)/T[/tex]

[tex]Entropy=2100/384.37[/tex]

[tex]Entropy=5.4634 KJ/K[/tex]

Give the formula for entropy change.

Change in entropy ΔS = ΔQ/T.

What is the entropy change?

Entropy Change can be described as a shift in a thermodynamic system's state of disorder caused by the conversion of heat or enthalpy into work. Entropy is higher in a system with a high degree of disorderliness.

Thus, the entropy change of water during this process is 5.4634KJ/K

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Answer: check out the image

Explanation: check out the image

Answer:it’s binary ionic

Explanation:

The first compound is achiral and the second compound is chiral.

A molecule is referred to as achiral if it has a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry. A molecule is referred to as chiral if it lacks a plane of symmetry or a center of symmetry. As compound 1 possesses a plane of symmetry due to the presence of both OH groups at equatorial positions (they are on the same side of the cyclohexane ring) so it is achiral. In structure, both OH groups are on the opposing side of the cyclohexane ring. There is neither a plane of symmetry nor a center of inversion. So, compound 2 is chiral.

The question is incomplete. The complete question is attached as an image.

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For liquids the following factors affect vapor pressure-

What exactly is vapor pressure?

The equilibrium pressure of a vapor above its liquid (or solid), or the pressure of the vapor created by the evaporation of a liquid (or solid) above a sample of the liquid (or solid) in a closed container, is the vapor pressure of a liquid.

The temperature and intermolecular interactions between molecules affect a liquid's vapor pressure, which changes.

Temperature: As a substance's temperature rises, its vapor pressure also does. However, the vapor pressure decreases as the temperature does.

Molecular types:

The kind of molecules that compose a solid or liquid determine its vapor pressure.

Surface Area: When a solid or liquid interacts with a gas, the vapor pressure is unaffected by the solid or liquid's surface area.

Hence, for liquids the vapor pressure is affected by -Intermolecular Force and Temperature

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In acetic acid molecule, there are seven sigma bonds and one pi bond.

We know that the chemical bonds that are found in a substances are responsible for the joining of the atoms of the substance together. This implies that a bond is said to be formed any time that two atoms have been joined together in a molecule.

In this case, we have a molecule of acetic acid. There are several bonds that are formed as the atoms that form the acetic acid are being joined together. These bonds fall into two categories, the sigma bonds and the pi bonds.

The sigma bond are the bonds that are single bonds while the pi bonds are the bonds that are multiple bonds, we can know the sigma and the pi bonds by a close examination of the molecule as shown.

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Duplication and deletion are brought on by a nonreciprocal crossing. When genetic material is transferred to one genome but not the other, this is known as a nonreciprocal crossover.

When genetic material is transmitted to one genome but not the other, this is known as a nonreciprocal crossover. No genetic material will then be added to replace the donated material, leaving the giving chromosome with a loss. Uneven crossing over is a sort of gene duplication or deletion process that eliminates a sequence from one strand and substitutes a duplication from the homologous chromosome during meiosis or from the sister chromatid during mitosis.

The term "independent assortment" describes how different genes or alleles sort into newly formed gametes. Chromosomes are independently divided into different gametes, leading to this independent assortment. Be aware that during crossing over, genes on each chromosome are rearranged.

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The number of times that it needs to decay is nine times.

The term nuclear decay has to do with the situation in which a radioactive nucleus is disintegrated in order to form daughter nuclei. We know that the daughter nuclei that is formed depends on the kind of decay that has taken place.

Now we know that the decay that is undergone by the the Americium-241 is the alpha decay in which the mass number is reduced by 4. The implication of this is that from Americium-241 to Thallium-205 we have a decrease in mass of 36 units which means that there have been nine alpha decays.

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From the calculation, the enthalpy of the reaction is  -56.8 kJ/mol.

We know that the enthalpy has to do with the energy that may have been absorbed or evolved in a reaction. We know that in the case of the reaction that we have, the reaction occurs as follows; [tex]NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) ---- > H_{2} O(l) + NaCl[/tex]

The we have the following;

Number of moles acid = 1 M * 100/1000 = 0.1 moles

Number of moles of the base = 1 M * 100/1000 = 0.1 moles

In this case the reacting moles of the acid and the base are equal

Mass of the acid solution = 100 g

Mass of the base solution = 100 g

Total mass of the solution = 200 g

We then have the heat as;

H = mcdT

m = mass of the solution'

c = Heat capacity of the solution

dT = temperature change

Now;

H = 200  * 4.18 * (26.1 - 19.3)

H = 5.68 kJ

Then the enthalpy of the reaction is; -(5.68 kJ)/0.1 moles

= -56.8 kJ/mol

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At high temperature and low pressure conditions of temperature and pressure expect gases to obey the ideal-gas equation.

What is ideal gas equation?

Ideal gas equation is given as

[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]

In this equation, P stands for the ideal gas's pressure, V for the ideal gas' volume, n for the total amount of the ideal gas expressed in moles, R for the universal gas constant, and T for temperature.

Explanation:

As opposed to real gases, which do not adhere to the Gas Laws at all temperatures and pressures, ideal gases do.

Real gases only abide with the Gas Laws at very low pressures and high temperatures. Because of the large amount of free space between the gas molecules in these circumstances, the actual volume may be very small. Additionally, because to their great distance from one another, molecules cannot sense intermolecular forces under these circumstances. Because of this, intermolecular forces are likewise insignificant.

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Considering the Noble Gases, the correct answer is the third option: Xenon it will likely be unreactive because it is a noble gas.

Valencia electrons are the electrons found in the last electronic layer (called valence orbitals). These electrons are what determine the ability of the atom to form bonds.

The noble gases are a group of elements of the periodic table that are characterized, under normal conditions of pressure and temperature, as monatomic gases without odor, without color and with very low chemical reactivity.

The noble gases encompass the elements in group 18 of the periodic table and include six elements: Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon.

The noble gases are characterized by complying with the octet rule, that is, they have 8 electrons in their last energy level, with the exception of helium. This complies with the duet rule, because it only has two electrons.

In this way, the noble gases cannot have more electrons in their last energy level, because this level is already complete and stable. In this way, the noble gases have such a low reactivity and do not combine with other atoms, also calling them inert gases.

In summary, Xenon is a noble gas and it will likely be unreactive.

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According to the molecular geometry, if carbon is central atom and is sp³ hybridized then it is attached to four other atoms.

Molecular geometry can be defined as a three -dimensional arrangement of atoms which constitute the molecule.It includes parameters like bond length,bond angle and torsional angles.

It influences many properties of molecules like reactivity,polarity color,magnetism .The molecular geometry can be determined by various spectroscopic methods and diffraction methods , some of which are infrared,microwave and Raman spectroscopy.

They provide information about geometry by taking into considerations the vibrational and rotational absorbance of a substance.Neutron and electron diffraction techniques provide information about the distance between nuclei and electron density.

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NADH is not required in the synthesis of fatty acids.

Fаtty аcids аre cаrboxylic аcids thаt аre structurаl components of fаts, oils, аnd аll other cаtegories of lipids, except steroids.

Thus, the correct option is E.

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The pressure in a 17.0-L cylinder filled with 46.5 g of oxygen gas at a temperature of 320 K is 2.26 atm.

IDEAL GAS LAW:

The pressure of a given gas can be calculated by using the ideal gas law equation as follows:

PV = nRT

Where,

P = Pressure

V = Volume

n = Number of moles

R = Gas law constant (0.0821 molK/Latm)

T = Temperature

Given,

V = 17 L

T = 320 K

R (Gas constant) = 0.0821

According to this question, a 17.0- l cylinder filled with 46.5 g of oxygen gas at a temperature of 320 K.

The number of moles of the oxygen gas (O₂) = 46.9g ÷ 32g/mol = 1.46mol

∴ PV = nRT

P × 17 = 1.46 × 0.0821 × 320

⇒17P = 38.357

⇒P = 38.357 ÷ 17

⇒P = 2.26 atm

Therefore, the pressure in a 17.0-L cylinder filled with 46.5 g of oxygen gas at a temperature of 320 K is 2.26 atm.

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when a compound donates (loses) electrons, that compound becomes Oxidized. such a compound is often referred to as an electron donor.

when a compound accepts (gains) electrons, that compound becomes Reduced. such a compound is often referred to as an electron acceptor.

in glycolysis, the carbon-containing compound that functions as the electron donor is Glucose.

once the electron donor in glycolysis gives up its electrons, it is oxidized to a compound called Pyruvate

5. NAD⁺ is the compound that functions as the electron acceptor in glycolysis.

6. the reduced form of the electron acceptor in glycolysis is NADH

A substance is said to be oxidized when it loses electrons, loses hydrogen, or receives oxygen.

However, the opposite happens with reduction. In other words, when a substance gains electrons, gains hydrogen, or loses oxygen, it is said to be reduced.

A substance that itself is reduced to oxidize another substance is called an oxidizing agent. Redox reactions occur simultaneously. That is, when one substance is oxidized, only another substance is reduced.

During glycolysis, the six-carbon compound glucose (C6H12O6) loses electrons and is finally converted to a three-carbon compound known as pyruvate (CH3COCOOH). In this process, an oxidant called NAD+ receives electrons and is itself reduced to NADH.

The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6, while the chemical formula for pyruvate is CH3COCOOH. Looking at their chemical formulas, it is easy to see that glucose has lost hydrogen compared to pyruvate. That means that glucose has been oxidized. Glucose has 12 hydrogens for 6 carbons, but pyruvate has only 4 hydrogens for 3 carbons. This means that glucose was oxidized in the process because the molecule produced, pyruvate, has relatively few hydrogens.

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The combustion of 1 mole of butane is 4997 KJ/mol.

Solution:

The balanced chemical equation for 1 mol of pentane: -

CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 + CO2 ⇒ 5CO2+6H2O

Enthalpy of reaction = Enthalpy of products - Enthalpy of reactants

Enthalpy of reactants = (5 C-C bonds)+(12 C-H bond)+(8 O=O bond) = (5×377KJ)+(12×226KJ)+(8×548KJ) = (1885+2712+4384)KJ = 8981KJ

Enthalpy of products = (5×2 C=O bonds)+(6×2 O-H bond) = (10 × 775) KJ +  (12 × 519) KJ              

= (7750+6228)KJ = 13978 KJ

Enthalpy of reaction = 13978 KJ - 8981 KJ  

= 4997 KJ/mol

The warmth of response is the exchange in the enthalpy of a chemical response that occurs at a constant pressure. it is a thermodynamic unit of dimension useful for calculating the quantity of power in line with the mole either released or produced in a reaction. The reaction enthalpy is calculated by subtracting the sum of enthalpies of all of the reactants from that of the products.

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Answer:

c.the molecules of a gas are in constant random motion

Three 5-l flasks fixed with pressure gauges and small valves and each contain 4 g of gas at 273k, flask a contains H2, flask b contains He and and flask c contains CH4.

Force of all the gas particle or wall collisions divided by the area of the wall is called pressure.

a)  Rank of pressure:

according to formula PV = nRT and when n = m/Mw

PV = m/Mw * R*T

when we have the same mass m and  V volume so P will be proportional to the mole weight M such that when M is smaller, then the pressure will be greater

Given,  Mw of H2(A) = 2 g ,Mw of He (B) = 4 g , Mw of CH4(C) = 16 g Pressure is :

(A) > (B) > (c)

B) The rank of average molecular kinetic energy:

K = 3/2 KB T

where K is the average kinetic energy per molecule of gas

KB is Boltzmann's constant

and T is the temperature

from this equation, we know that K only depends on T, and when we have the T constant here for A, B, and C, then the rank of K will be :

A = B = C

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The electric field is turned off, the charged particle travels on a circular path whose radius is 4.36 cm. The charge-to-mass ratio of the particle 6.819*10⁵ c/kg

F=Fe+Fb=0

qvB=qE

v=E/b

Fr=Fb=qvB=mv²/R

qvb=mv²/R

v=qBR/m

v=E/B

q/m=E/RB²=6.819*10⁵ c/kg

Consequently, an atom can be either positive, negative, or neutral. After receiving an electron from another atom, the charged particle becomes negative. If an electron is removed from it, it becomes positively charged. Applications of charged particles are susceptible to electric field and magnetic field management of their motion and energy. According to this definition, a charged particle is a particle that has an electric charge. At the atomic level, an atom consists of a nucleus that the electrons orbit. Protons and neutrons combine to create the nucleus, which has a positive charge. Any charged atom or molecule is an ion. It has a charge because the atom or molecule's number of protons and electrons is not equal. Positivity can be added to an atom.

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All of the given options are correct and define the chemical properties of materials.

A. Materials that have a low melting point would be dangerous to use when temperatures are hot- Low melting points are very beneficial for a number of reasons, but they also unfavorably have a propensity to be poisonous or radioactive, Low bond energy and non-close packed crystal formations are common characteristics of metal elements with low melting points.

B. Flammable materials would be dangerous to use near fire -Fires are easily started by flammable materials. They can exist as solids, liquids, or gases. Liquid petroleum gas (LPG), paints, varnishes, and lacquers are typical flammable substances encountered in workplaces. Flammable materials present significant

C. A material's reactivity affects how long it will last under certain conditions- The less reactive a reactant is, the more stable it is. This implies that the rate of reaction will be slower the more stable the reactant. 2. Product Stability/Reactivity: The product's formation will be more advantageous the more stable the product is.

D.  A material's ability to break or bend affects how well it will work for certain uses. A material's tensile strength, often known as its capacity to withstand being pulled apart by opposing forces, is the maximum tension load it can withstand before breaking. It is the highest strength a metal may acquire during a tension test, also known as ultimate strength.

Hence, all of the given options define chemical properties of materials.

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The pH of the resulting solution is 7.

pH is determined by the concentration of hydronium and hydroxyl ions in a solution. pH is also known as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.

     pH determines the acidity and basicity of a given solution. It determines the number of protons that has been released or donated. In the given condition we have.

1.47 molar NH3that has been titrated to 0.20 molar HCL.

       For 20 ml of solution, we get pH of 7.

Therefore, the pH of the give solution is 7.

Titration is used in quantitative tests while maintaining the concentration of the solution. A slight change in color marks the equalizing of volume and concentration.

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If Kelp is absent from the aquatic environment, it will have a negative impact on all other living things because it cannot produce or absorb O2 or CO2.

How does photosynthesis work?

The process by which plants convert carbon dioxide, water, and sunshine into oxygen and sugar-based energy is known as photosynthesis.

Explanation:

The Protista kingdom of living things includes kelp, which can photosynthesize, or use light energy to create nourishment.

CO2 from the atmosphere is absorbed by photosynthesis, which then produces O2 as a gas.

As a producer of aquatic environments, kelp aids in the absorption of CO2 and the release of oxygen into the atmosphere. Other living things use this O2 for cellular respiration.

Other living things in the watery environment will suffer if kelp is not available to absorb CO2 or create O2.

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Answer:

2.34 x 10⁻⁹ m  

Explanation:

To find the wavelength, you need to use the following equation:

λ = c / f

In this equation,

-----> λ = wavelength (m)

-----> c = speed of light (3.00 x 10⁸ m/s)

-----> f = frequency (Hz or s⁻¹)

You can find the wavelength by plugging the given value and constant into the equation and solving for "λ". The final answer should have 3 sig figs like the given value (1.28 x 10¹⁷ = 3 sig figs).

λ = c / f                                                             <----- Given Equation

λ = (3.00 x 10⁸ m/s) / (1.28 x 10¹⁷ Hz)              <----- Insert variables

λ = 2.34 x 10⁻⁹ m                                            <----- Divide