What person is in this image?

Answer:In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.

Chromosomes are not visible in the cell’s nucleus—not even under a microscope—when the cell is not dividing. However, the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under a microscope. Most of what researchers know about chromosomes was learned by observing chromosomes during cell division.

Each chromosome has a constriction point called the centromere, which divides the chromosome into two sections, or “arms.” The short arm of the chromosome is labeled the “p arm.” The long arm of the chromosome is labeled the “q arm.” The location of the centromere on each chromosome gives the chromosome its characteristic shape, and can be used to help describe the location of specific genes.

Electrophoresis is a technique commonly used in the lab to separate charged molecules, like DNA, according to size.

Gel electrophoresis is a technique commonly used in laboratories to separate charged molecules like DNA?, RNA? and proteins? according to their size.

Charged molecules move through a gel when an electric current is passed across it.

An electric current is applied across the gel so that one end of the gel has a positive charge and the other end has a negative charge.

The movement of charged molecules is called migration. Molecules migrate towards the opposite charge. A molecule with a negative charge will therefore be pulled towards the positive end (opposites attract!).

The gel consists of a permeable matrix, a bit like a sieve, through which molecules can travel when an electric current is passed across it.

Smaller molecules migrate through the gel more quickly and therefore travel further than larger fragments that migrate more slowly and therefore will travel a shorter distance. As a result the molecules are separated by size.

Gel electrophoresis and DNA

Electrophoresis enables you to distinguish DNA fragments of different lengths.

DNA is negatively charged, therefore, when an electric current is applied to the gel, DNA will migrate towards the positively charged electrode.

Shorter strands of DNA move more quickly through the gel than longer strands resulting in the fragments being arranged in order of size.

The use of dyes, fluorescent? tags or radioactive? labels enables the DNA on the gel to be seen after they have been separated. They will appear as bands on the gel.

A DNA marker with fragments of known lengths is usually run through the gel at the same time as the samples.

By comparing the bands of the DNA samples with those from the DNA marker, you can work out the approximate length of the DNA fragments in the samples.

How is gel electrophoresis carried out?

Preparing the gel

Agarose gels? are typically used to visualise fragments of DNA. The concentration of agarose used to make the gel depends on the size of the DNA fragments you are working with.

The higher the agarose concentration, the denser the matrix and vice versa. Smaller fragments of DNA are separated on higher concentrations of agarose whilst larger molecules require a lower concentration of agarose.

To make a gel, agarose powder is mixed with an electrophoresis buffer and heated to a high temperature until all of the agarose powder has melted.

The molten gel is then poured into a gel casting tray and a “comb” is placed at one end to make wells for the sample to be pipetted into.

Once the gel has cooled and solidified (it will now be opaque rather than clear) the comb is removed.

Many people now use pre-made gels.

The gel is then placed into an electrophoresis tank and electrophoresis buffer is poured into the tank until the surface of the gel is covered. The buffer conducts the electric current. The type of buffer used depends on the approximate size of the DNA fragments in the sample.

Preparing the DNA for electrophoresis

A dye is added to the sample of DNA prior to electrophoresis to increase the viscosity of the sample which will prevent it from floating out of the wells and so that the migration of the sample through the gel can be seen.

A DNA marker (also known as a size standard or a DNA ladder) is loaded into the first well of the gel. The fragments in the marker are of a known length so can be used to help approximate the size of the fragments in the samples.

The prepared DNA samples are then pipetted into the remaining wells of the gel.

When this is done the lid is placed on the electrophoresis tank making sure that the orientation of the gel and positive and negative electrodes is correct (we want the DNA to migrate across the gel to the positive end).

Separating the fragments

The electrical current is then turned on so that the negatively charged DNA moves through the gel towards the positive side of the gel.

Shorter lengths of DNA move faster than longer lengths so move further in the time the current is run.

The distance the DNA has migrated in the gel can be judged visually by monitoring the migration of the loading buffer dye.

The electrical current is left on long enough to ensure that the DNA fragments move far enough across the gel to separate them, but not so long that they run off the end of the gel.

Illustration of DNA electrophoresis equipment used to separate DNA fragments by size. A gel sits within a tank of buffer. The DNA samples are placed in wells at one end of the gel and an electrical current passed across the gel. The negatively-charged DNA moves towards the postive electrode. Image credit: Genome Research Limited

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Answer:

Creation of egg- Sexual

Creation of fruit - Sexual

Mushrooms producing sporea - Asexual

Production of seed - Sexual

Stem cutting - Asexual

Budding in yeast - Asexual

Answer:

b. Phrenic nerve

Explanation: is correct

Answer:

After five to ten minutes of not breathing, you are likely to develop serious and possibly irreversible brain damage. The one exception is when a younger person stops breathing and also becomes very cold at the same time.

Explanation:

Answer:

Veins are also called capacitance vessels because they contain 60% of the body's blood volume.

Explanation:

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Answer:

totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → neuron.

Answer:

Option 3.

totipotent stem cells → pluripotent stem cells → multipotent stem cells → neuron

Explanation:

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On the phylogenetic tree, (a diagram used to show relatedness among organisms) the birds and mammals are closely related to each other and they both are characterized as endothermic.

Given the position of the two group of animals on the phylogenetic tree, their similarity with regards to maintaining body temperature is due to the fact that their evolution involves a more recent ancestor compared with the other vertebrates.

As organisms evolve beginning from invertebrates through to vertebrates, the body system becomes more complex and as they evolve within the vertebrate group.

Some vertebrates like reptiles and amphibians that were  dependent on the environment to regulate their temperature while others like birds and mammals forms complex system that enable them live on land and regulate their temperature independent of the environment.

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Answer:

D

Explanation: the peak wavelength in the blackbody decreases

Answer:  

The correct answer is option B, that is, an endoskeleton evolved to enclose the dorsal nerve cord, which develops from the notochord.

Explanation:

It has been discovered that the ancestors of the modern-day fish were vertebrate chordates. The vertebrate chordates are considered to have evolved from the invertebrate chordates that are identical to the present day tunicates. It has been found that in vertebrates the endoskeleton has evolved to encompass the dorsal nerve cord that has been developed from the notochord (a characteristic of invertebrates).

Answer:

I'll try, what is it?

Explanation:

Answer:

I miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rageI miss the rage

Explanation:

Answer:

Remember that glycolysis produces two pyruvic acid molecules per glucose molecule along with two of the hydrogen-carrying NADH molecules. Remember also that the Krebs cycle produces NADH as well as another hydrogen carrier called FADH2.

hope it helps

Answer: water cycle: evaporation condensation precipitation

               carbon cycle: fossil fuel combustion, co2 in atmosphere, photosenthises prob spelled wrong

Explanation nitrogen cycle bacteria, nitrogen separting bacteria n2, nitrogen in the air, nitrate salts back to bacteria

pro wrong but there  ya go

Answer:

an instrument for measuring blood pressure

Explanation:

an instrument for measuring blood pressure typically consisting of an inflatable rubber cuff which is applied to the arm and connected to a column of mercury next to a graduated scale, enabling the determination of systolic and diastolic blood pressure by increasing and gradually releasing the pressure in the cuff.

Answer:

multicellular organisms

Explanation:

Multi means many or more than one and so multicellular literally means many cells.

Hope this helps!

Answer:

Wish I could help

Answer:

have a decrease in blood pressure

Explanation:

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Damage to the sinoatrial node in humans can result in irregular heartbeats, abnormal heart rhythms, decreased cardiac output, and an increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest. Prompt medical evaluation and appropriate treatment are crucial to manage these effects and maintain a healthy heart rhythm.

Damage to the sinoatrial (SA) node in humans would result in disruptions to the normal electrical conduction system of the heart. The SA node is often referred to as the "natural pacemaker" of the heart because it initiates the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat. Here's how damage to the SA node would affect the heart:

1. Irregular Heartbeat: The SA node is responsible for setting the pace of the heartbeat. If it is damaged, the heart may beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly. This can lead to symptoms like palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath.

2. Abnormal Heart Rhythms: Without the SA node functioning properly, other areas of the heart may take over the role of generating electrical impulses. However, these impulses may not be coordinated or synchronized, resulting in abnormal heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation or heart block.

3. Decreased Cardiac Output: The SA node helps regulate the timing of the heart's contractions, ensuring efficient blood flow throughout the body. Damage to the SA node can disrupt this coordination, leading to decreased cardiac output. This means that the heart may not be able to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, resulting in symptoms like fatigue and weakness.

4. Risk of Sudden Cardiac Arrest: In severe cases, damage to the SA node can increase the risk of sudden cardiac arrest. Without the SA node's ability to regulate the heartbeat, the heart may stop pumping blood effectively, leading to a life-threatening emergency.

5. Treatment Options: Treatment for damage to the SA node depends on the severity and symptoms. In some cases, medication or cardiac devices like pacemakers may be used to regulate the heart's rhythm and ensure proper electrical conduction.

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Answer:

Skull (cranium)  

Skull (facial)

Auditory ossicles (three in each ear - not shown)  

Hyoid (neck bone, aids speech - not shown)  

Vertebral column  

Thorax (sternum)  

Thorax (ribcage)

Explanation:

Answer:

it is a process whereby energy moves from one place to another

Explanation:

Answer:

b. Vestibulocochlear nerve

Explanation: is correct

Answer:

Every living creature has DNA

Explanation: hope this helps

Sources:

Answer:

D I believe

Explanation:

It will have a high viscosity and increased resistance.

Low temperatures cause narrowing of blood vessels and arteries which leads to restricting blood flow and reducing oxygen to the heart.

Our heart must pump harder to circulate blood through the blood vessels which results in increasing of our blood pressure and heart rate.

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Answer:

The correct answer is A

Explanation:

i got it correct on my flvs exam

Answer:

transcription starts with Initiation/the nucleus/DNA and makes mRNA with the aid of Polymerase RNA enzyme

Explanation:

Transcription is the process in protein synthesis consisting of a starting process of initiation where the nucleus hosts the creation of an mRNA sending the coding message to the ribosome, but the starting process is the Polymerase binding to a site on the DNA strand, then it makes the mRNA through the other steps in transcription.