Coral reefs act as natural barriers by absorbing the impact of storm surges and waves. Without them, we are forced to rely on artificial seawalls, which are more expensive, and more harmful to the environment to build.
Define the term coral bleaching?Coral bleaching is important because, after these coral die, reefs hardly regenerate.
Coral populations are declining, making it difficult for them to reproduce and harming the entire reef ecosystems that support both people and wildlife. Some of the greatest biodiverse habitats on the world are supported by coral reefs. The species at the bottom of ocean food web are also supported by them. By destroying links with in food chain and denying some fish other crustacean species a location to reproduce and mature, bleached coral additionally exacerbates the overfishing problem. Anyone who depends on these creatures as their main source of money or protein will run into difficulties. Finally, reef tourism supports hundreds of jobs and generates billions of dollars annually.Thus, everything is at danger because of bleached coral reefs that lack wonderful marine life.
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What is the outcome of hotspots? question 4 options: formation of island chains constant volcanic eruptions divergent boundary creation transform boundary creation
The outcome of hotspots is B)constant volcanic eruptions. So, correct option is B.
A hotspot is the huge plume of heated mantle layer that rises from the planet's interior. The Tectonic plate borders have no bearing on where a hotspot is located on the surface of planet. Similar to how a line of melted wax appears when a sheet of the parchment paper is slowly dragged over a burning candle, a line of the volcanoes develops as a plate moves over a hotspot.
These same "hotspot" volcanoes are formed when the slender stream of hot crust rises up from the core of the earth and melts the fissure in the plate to allow the magma to seep upward. Continuous volcanic outbursts are the result of the hotspots. When one of the Earth's plates passes over an abnormally hot region of mantle, hotspots develop.
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(Complete question) is:
What is the outcome of hotspots? options are:
A)formation of island chains
B)constant volcanic eruptions
C)divergent boundary creation
D)transform boundary creation
Why is it important to start seeing native Americans as “present day people”?
The historical backdrop of Local Americans is extraordinarily lengthy and huge, dating millennia and continuing after the pre-Columbian Time
.Understanding not only the present situation of Indigenous peoples but also that of our nation is dependent on knowing about this past.White Europeans and Native American Indian tribes fought a lot because of this mix of beliefs. For sure, Local Indians never claimed to adjust to those unfamiliar traditions and battle against them. Conflicts and wars were sparked when white Europeans took Indian land to make it productive. The diverse territory of New England is an illustration of these cultural differences and conflicts.
Indian tribes and white settlers in this part of North America thought and behaved very differently.While Indigenous Peoples preserve 80% of the world's remaining biodiversity, they own, occupy, or use only a quarter of the planet's surface area.They have important ancestral knowledge and expertise regarding climate adaptation, risk mitigation, and disaster risk reduction.
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in an ice sheet or ice cap, the movement is downward and outward from a central high area toward the edges of the glacier.
It is true that in an ice sheet or ice cap, the movement of the melting ice is downward and outward from a central high area toward the edges of the glacier.
What is an ice sheet?An ice sheet, an ice cap if smaller, is a mass of glacial ice more than 19,000 square miles. About 99% of the freshwater on Earth is contained in ice sheets. Sometimes, ice sheets are called continental glaciers. There are only two ice sheets in the world today: the Antarctic ice sheet and the Greenland ice sheet.
Geothermal energy and compression sometimes cause the bottom of an ice sheet to be slightly warmer than the ice above it. The bottom of the ice sheet melts, which causes the ice above it to move at a faster rate than the rest of the ice sheet.
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Should oil exploitation be banned in areas of natural beauty?
Yes, oil exploitation should be banned in areas of natural beauty.
Exploitation of natural resources is the use of natural resources for economic growth, sometimes with a negative result of conducting environmental degradation. Increasing population in world has compelled humans to exploit natural resources to meet economic needs or in economic growth.
History says that oil and gas development on public lands has damaged ecosystems, harmed species, and contaminated soil, air, and water. The construction of drilling facilities fragments public lands, displacing wildlife and destroying habitat, while oil spills, fires and other pollution can contaminate surface and ground water.
Roads built for drilling increase human activity in formerly undisturbed areas and can lead to increased poaching, litter, roadkill and human-caused fires; and they facilitate the spread of exotic species that replace native plants and animals. Most specifically, oil and gas development creates our dependency on fossil fuels, committing the people and their public lands to more greenhouse gas emissions and global warming.
Therefore, the answer is yes.
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Wet igneous rock melts at a lower temperature than the dry version of that same rock because.
Wet igneous rock melts at a lower temperature than the dry version of that same rock because the addition of volatiles in "wet" rocks lowers their melting temperature.
What are igneous rock?
One of the three primary rock types, along with sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, is igneous rock, also known as magmatic rock. When lava or magma cools and solidifies, igneous rock is created. The partial melting of pre-existing materials in the mantle or crust of a planet can produce the magma. Based on their chemical makeup, igneous rocks can be categorised into four groups: felsic, intermediate, mafic, and ultramafic. Magma, or melted rock material, is found underneath the surface of the Earth and is the source of igneous rocks. When magma from deep inside the Earth rises to the surface or is pushed upward by a volcano as lava and ash, igneous rocks are created. It crystallises into rock here when it cools.
Hence, Wet igneous rock melts at a lower temperature than the dry version of that same rock because the addition of volatiles in "wet" rocks lowers their melting temperature.
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Evaluate how a reduction in the number of condensation nuclei in the troposphere would affect precipitation. Explain your reasoning.
Condensation nuclei provide the non-gaseous surface area required for water vapor to condense into cloud droplets. As the droplets coalesce, they grow larger and eventually fall off as a precipitate.
What is Condensation nuclei?Condensation nuclei, small airborne particles of solid or liquid that initiate the condensation of water vapor in the atmosphere. Its diameter ranges from a few microns to a few tenths of a micron.There are two main categories of condensation nuclei: Hygroscopic and hydrophobic. Hygroscopic nuclei are nuclei that “seek water”. Water vapor easily condenses on hygroscopic surfaces, even at relative humidity well below 100%. The most common types of condensation nuclei are salt crystals, particulate matter produced by burning fossil fuels, and dust kicked up from the Earth's surface.Condensation of water in the condensation nucleus begins at a certain height known as the cloud base or elevated level of condensation. Water molecules attach to the particles and form cloud droplets with a radius of about 20 microns or less.To learn more about Condensation nuclei from the given link :
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g suppose a satellite (not the moon) orbits earth exactly every 30 days. find its distance from earth center in meter.
The distance of the satellite (not the moon) from the center of the earth with an orbital period of 30 days is 4.1 x 10⁸m.
How can we find its distance?Well, first of all we know that the time period of a satellite orbiting around a planet of mass M is given by [tex]T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r^3}{GM} }[/tex].
r from the formula is represent as distance of the satellite from the center of he planet, and G is the universal gravitational constant, and M is mass given by.
Then we can know about the distance from center of earth by following the formula:
T = 30 days = 30 × 24 × 60 × 60s = 2,592,000s
[tex]2,592,000 = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{r^3}{6.67 x 10^{-11}x 5.97 x 10^{24} } }[/tex]
r = 4.1 × 10⁸m
And so there we have it, the answer is 4.1 x 10⁸m.
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the ice-age hypothesis developed from ______.
The ice-age hypothesis developed from the theory of the Ice Age.
An ice age is an extended period of time during which the temperature of the Earth's surface and atmosphere decreases and continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers existed or expanded.
The Earth's climate alternates between ice ages and greenhouse periods when there are no glaciers on Earth. An ice age is a long period (millions to tens of millions of years) during which the earth's temperature was relatively cold and much of the earth was covered by continental ice sheets and alpine glaciers.Learn more about Ice Age here: https://brainly.com/question/7387582
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how is air pollution transported? what natural processes do scientists need to consider when studying air pollution?
Air quality is affected by natural processes. Pollutants can be transported by wind from their source to distant locations.
How does air pollution get around?The effects of natural processes on air quality. Pollutants can be transported by wind from their source to distant regions. Pollutants can be removed from the atmosphere by precipitation. The transport of pollutants away from their sources and the emergence of secondary pollutants are predicted by scientists using computational models.Transport, dispersion, and deposition are the three processes that cause contaminants to move around in the atmosphere. Transport is movement brought on by a wind flow over time. Local turbulence, or motions that last for a shorter period of time than the transport average, leads to dispersion.Over the last ten years, various field and modelling studies have been used to study the intricacies of the transport and dispersion of airborne contaminants related to vehicle emissions.To learn more about air pollution refer :
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The theory of plate tectonics says that are
The theory of plate tectonics contends that the lithosphere, the planet's outer shell, is divided into a number of plates that move across the rocky interior of the planet and on top of its soft core. In contrast to the Earth's mantle, the plates behave like a solid, rigid shell.
What is plate tectonics?Massive fragments of the Earth's upper mantle and crust make up tectonic plates. They are composed of both continental and oceanic crust. Around mid-ocean ridges and significant faults that form plate boundaries, earthquakes happen.
Cooler portions of the Earth's crust were driven downward into the warmer upper mantle beginning roughly 4 billion years ago, eroding and weakening the surrounding crust.
Thus, The theory of plate tectonics contends that the lithosphere, the planet's outer shell.
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Using figure 1, describe the economic opportunities at location A
At location A in the given figure is a mixed economy providing various economic opportunities because everyone is moving to make money for a diverse/different purpose, thus making it a diversified economy.
Location and climate have more effects on income levels and income growth through their impacts on transport costs, disease burdens, and agricultural productivity. Thus location A provides each required resource to earn like agriculture, farming, animal domestication etc.
Economic opportunity means giving access to equal chance for people to earn a living income. To achieve a goal in which people have this kind of chance, governments should give assurance to education and training rights for workers and an economic environment in which legitimate businesses can progress.
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what national park, located in the inland south, is the nation's most frequently visited?
Answer: The Great Smoky Mountains
Explanation:
For questions 1-4, use the figure below.
1.) What are two other ways to name EF⃡?
2.) What are two other ways to name plane C?
3.) Name three collinear points.
4.) Name four coplanar points.
1. The two other ways to name EF are angles on a straight line or angles on 180⁰
2. Two other names for plane C are parallelogram or rhombus
3. The three collinear points are points E, B, and F
4. The four coplanar points are points G, F, M and n.
What is a collinear points?Collinear points are the points that form on the same straight line. When two or more than two points fall on a line in proximity to or far from each other, then such lines are said to be collinear, in Euclidean geometry.
Therefore, the correct answer is as given above
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Where is Moscow founded?
is an imaginary plane, the height of the artist's eyes, parallel with the ground plane and extending to the horizon.
Eye level line is an imaginary plane, the height of the artist's eyes, parallel with the ground plane and extending to the horizon.
What is Eye level line?The horizon refers to the visual boundary that separates the sky from land or water. The viewer's actual eye level line when viewing an object, interior scene, or exterior scene.A higher eye level line when drawing in perspective draws more attention to the central and distant areas of the image. As a result, you're essentially looking down on them, limiting your view of nearby objects.They pointed in different directions. But the vanishing point is still on the same line, which is the line at eye level, or in this case the plane of the camera.Danny Morgan lines are small creases along the lower eyelid. These can lead to double folds of skin under the eyes. Also known as Danny Morgan wrinkles, these wrinkles have nothing to do with the natural aging process like wrinkles do.To learn more about Eye level line from the given link :
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What happens when the s waves encounter the boundary between the lithosphere and asthenosphere?.
When the S-waves encounter the boundary between the lithosphere and asthenosphere they are either absorbed or reflected.
What is lithosphere ?The lithosphere refers to the outer solid of the Earth. The lithosphere consists of the fragile upper mantle and crust, the outermost layer of the Earth's structure. It is surrounded by the atmosphere above and the asthenosphere below. The lithosphere is the hard outer layer of the Earth and is made up of rocks and minerals. It consists of the entire crust and the upper part of the mantle. This layer of solid rock "floats" above the asthenosphere, a layer of plastic-like rock at the top of the mantle. The lithosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the fragile portion of the upper mantle. The literal meaning of lithosphere is land. It consists of three main layers: crust, mantle, core.To learn more about lithosphere from the given link :
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explain the meaning of proverbs 4:23 in your own words.
PLEASE HELP!!!!!!
Answer:
To "keep" something, in this sense, means more than simply "to maintain ownership." It refers to maintenance, care, and support.
keep guard over the entrance of their heart.
We guard our hearts because good and evil find their way into them and come out through our mouths. Jesus said that what comes out of our hearts is what defiles us
which of the following are evidence for massive floods caused by the failure of ice dams at the end of the last glacial period?a. true b.false
The following are the 'TRUE' evidence for massive floods caused by the failure of ice dams at the end of the last glacial periods:
Gravel deposits at high elevations.Countryside stripped of soil and sediment cover.Large braided channel networks.While the 'FALSE' evidence are:
Large meandering river channels.U-shaped valleys.How do ice dams cause flooding?An ice dam, sometimes referred to as an "ice jam", happens when pieces of ice clump together and block the flow of a river. Melting snow and ice in the spring generate ice dams. Ice dams can be hazardous for people in nearby towns. The rushing water has nowhere to go because the river is blocked, and it might create floods in the surrounding area.
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which of the following are examples of physical weathering? multiple select question. a root growing into a crack of a rock causes the rock to further break apart as the root expands. water freezing in the cracks in a rock surface causes the rock to break apart as the water expands to ice. intense wildfires cause rocks to expand and break as they are sufficiently heated. decaying organic matter forms organic acids that remove ions from minerals.
Physical weathering can occur due to temperature, pressure, frost, root action, and burrowing animals.
Moreover, Examples for physical weathering includes cracks exploited by physical weathering will increase the surface area exposed to chemical action, thus amplifying the rate of disintegration. Abrasion Weathering occurs when rock or other features of Earth's surface are broken down into smaller pieces by forces like wind, water, and even glaciers, it is called abrasion weathering. Types of Physical Weathering are Exfoliation Weathering, Frost Wedging, Salt Crystallization, Thermal Expansion and Biological Activity/Root Wedging.
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Why are the middle latitude regions such as mediterranean areas, southern argentina, and southern australia projected to experience much less rainfall in the future?.
Due to subtropical region high-pressure bands moving further towards the low latitudes, middle-latitude regions like the Mediterranean region, Southern Argentina, and Southern Australia are expected to receive less rainfall in the future.
What is subtropical?To the north and south of the tropics are the subtropical zones, also known as the subtropical region. They span the middle latitudes between 23°26′10.7′′ and roughly 35° north and south, geographically forming a part of the temperate zones of both hemispheres. These latitudes are within the range of horses.
Vietnamese Northern regions in general and the nation's capital Hanoi in particular have subtropical regions.
The hot summers and mild winters with infrequent frosts that characterize subtropical climates are common. Most subtropical regions can be divided into two categories: humid subtropical climates, where seasonal rainfall is typically concentrated in the warmest months, such as Southeast China and the Southeastern United States, and dry summer or Mediterranean climates, where seasonal rainfall is concentrated in the cooler months, such as the Mediterranean Basin or Southern California.
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What two reasons were discussed above for why people are living longer?
Answer:
The first reason is that people have better access to healthcare, and the second reason is that people are generally more healthy.
how are the inner layers of the sun distinguished?
The deepest layer of the Sun that we can directly observe is called the photosphere. It extends to around 250 miles (400 km) above the visible surface at the core of the solar disk.
A layer in the Sun between about 250 miles (400 km) and 1300 miles (2100 km) above the solar surface is known as the chromosphere (the photosphere). The chromosphere's temperature ranges from about 4000 K at the bottom (the so-called minimum) to 8000 K at the top (6700 and 14,000 degrees F, 3700 and 7700 degrees C). As a result, in this layer (and higher layers), the temperature increases as you move further away from the Sun, as opposed to the lower layers, where the temperature increases as you move closer to the Sun's center.
Transition Region: Between the chromosphere and the corona, there is a quite small layer (60 miles/100 km) where temperatures suddenly increase from 8,000 to 500,000 K. (14,000 to 900,000 degrees F, 7700 to 500,000 degrees C).
The Sun's corona, which begins at around 1300 miles (2100 km) above its surface, is its outermost layer (the photosphere). The corona has a temperature of 500,000 K (900,000 F, 500,000 C) or higher, possibly up to a few million K.
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which of the following accurately describe hurricane sandy?
a. Sandy was large (wide) compared to a typical hurricane.
b. It started as a storm in the tropics.
c. It merged with a cold front associated with a low-pressure system centered over New England.
The following accurately describe hurricane sandy
Sandy was large (wide) compared to a typical hurricane.It started as a storm in the tropics.Hurricane Sandy was the most powerful and devastating Atlantic hurricane ever recorded. Its 1,850 km of tropical storm-force winds made it the greatest hurricane in Atlantic history in terms of circumference. The hurricane killed 233 people in eight nations, from the Caribbean to Canada, and caused damage of around to $70 billion (2012 USD). The storm started to lose strength as it traveled more inland and eventually dissipated the next day over Pennsylvania.
Climate scientists warn that as the earth warms, catastrophic weather events like Hurricane Sandy will become more frequent. They urge policymakers to prepare for a more unpredictable future and act to limit emissions of heat-trapping greenhouse gases.
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A country’s gross domestic product measures __________.
Answer:
the monetary value of final goods and services produced in a period of time.
Overproduction results in offspring with _[blank 1]_. Some of these offspring are better at surviving and will prosper, while others are not and will die off. In this way, each generation has genes that _[blank 2]_.
Answer: the survival rate of the most adapted and fittest organism increases and others which are weak will struggle for survival and may die.
Explanation: I think you have to look at some video about offspring and how they produce they that i did i am in environmental sciences.
How have industrialization and urbanization changed China?
Check all that apply.
A. They helped the migration from cities to rural areas.
B. They turned China into a world economic power.
C. They transferred wealth to more people.
D. They created more unhealthy and polluted conditions.
Answer:
B. They turned China into a world economic power.
Explanation:
There is no other "Check All that Apply" cause there is not other choice that works best.
PLEASE GIVE BRAINLIEST THANK YOU!!!
They turned China into a world economic power to have industrialization and urbanization changed China. Hence, option B is correct.
What is industrialization and urbanization?Urbanization, defined as the expansion of cities in terms of both population and physical size, was sparked by industrialization, which is defined as manufacturing in factory settings using machines and a work force with distinct, split roles to increase production.
An agrarian economy becomes a manufacturing economy through the process of industrialization. Manual and specialized employees are replaced by assembly lines and mass production. In the past, this process has sparked urbanization by generating economic expansion and employment possibilities that entice people to live in cities.
Urbanization is the process of a rural population moving into an urban location, whereas industrialization is the process of turning any society into an industrial society.
Thus, option B is correct.
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which atmospheric layer contains the protective ozone layer? exosphere stratosphere thermosphere troposphere
The atmosphere is defined as a layer of gas that surrounds a planet like Earth, from the surface of the planet to deep in space with a thickness of about 1000 KM. Based on these problems, the layer of the atmosphere that contains a protective ozone layer is the stratosphere.
Explanation of the atmosphereThe atmosphere is defined as a layer of gas that surrounds a planet like Earth, from the surface of the planet to deep in space with a thickness of about 1000 KM. The function of the atmosphere is to regulate the process of entering sunlight into the earth by absorbing and reflecting back the heat emitted by the sun. There are other functions of the atmosphere, including:
As a protector of the earth so that the temperature on earth is maintained and the humidity of the air is also stable.Minimizes the heat given off by the sun.Keeps Earth's gravity stable.The atmosphere on Earth has different types of layers with different characteristics. The following are types of atmospheres:
The troposphere is the layer that is directly related to the earth's surface and is the place where weather phenomena or events occur.The stratosphere is a layer that protects living things from ultraviolet (UV) rays because the stratosphere is where the ozone layer is protected.The mesosphere is defined as a layer in which meteoroids fall to the earth.The thermosphere layer is the layer where the ionization process occurs, where positive ions are formed and free electrons are negatively charged.The exosphere is the outermost and topmost layer of the atmosphere.Learn more about the atmosphere at : brainly.com/question/24925283
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A rapid temperature increase about 55 mya created tropical conditions around the world. What did these conditions cause?.
A rapid temperature increases about 55 mya created tropical conditions around the world causes adaptive radiation of Euprimates.
Previously known as the "Initial Eocene" or "Late Paleocene thermal maximum" the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), also known as "Eocene thermal maximum 1" (ETM1), was a period of time when the global average temperature rose by more than 5-8° C throughout the event.
it has been calculated that the related period of significant carbon emission into the atmosphere lasted between 20,000 and 50,000 years. it took the entire warm era almost 200,000 years to complete. the earth's temperature rose by 5-8 °C.
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A rapid temperature increases about 55 mya created tropical conditions around the world causes adaptive radiation of Euprimates.
Previously known as the "Initial Eocene" or "Late Paleocene thermal maximum" the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), also known as "Eocene thermal maximum 1" (ETM1), was a period of time when the global average temperature rose by more than 5-8° C throughout the event.
It has been calculated that the related period of significant carbon emission into the atmosphere lasted between 20,000 and 50,000 years. it took the entire warm era almost 200,000 years to complete. the earth's temperature rose by 5-8 °C.
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Hurricane storms are ranked on the Saffir-Simpson scale, where a category 5 rating is the most severe and category 1 is the least severe. Examples of category 5 hurricanes in the United States include Andrew, Camille, Katrina, Rita, Felix, and the "Labor Day" hurricane.
In early September of 1996, Hurricane Fran hit the eastern coast of the United States. The accompanying maps represent the location of Hurricane Fran at 7:00 AM EST on September 5 and 6.
Note that the small, black boxes extending southeast from the storm's center represent the location of the hurricane's eye at 6-hour intervals. The black lines are isobars, or lines of equal pressure, at 7:00 AM EST.
A steep pressure gradient is represented by a narrower spacing of isobar lines. This means that the pressure gradient of an area with isobar lines nearer to each other is steeper than an area with isobar lines with more space between them.
Use the information provided by these maps to match the correct answers to each of the following questions.
The pressure gradient is higher on the 5th at 7 am and the eye traveled approx. 400 miles with approx 17 mph.
What is a pressure gradient?The pressure gradient, which is a physical parameter that represents the direction and rate at which pressure increases the most quickly at a certain area, is a term used in atmospheric science to describe the pressure gradient, which is common in the air but more generally of any fluid. In terms of pascals per meter (Pa/m), the pressure gradient is a dimensional quantity. It is, mathematically speaking, the gradient of pressure with respect to position. The force density is the name for the pressure gradient that is negative. Only the vertical depth of the column has any bearing on both the pressure gradient for any given true vertical depth and the vertical pressure of any point within its column. The path and geometry of the column are completely irrelevant.
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What was the Triassic period known for?
There was a lot of change during the Triassic Period. This time period saw significant changes in the variety and predominance of life on Earth, bookended by extinctions.
Describe the Triassic period?The worst extinction event to ever affect life on Earth (252-201 million years ago) marked the start of the Triassic Period.
One of the most important catastrophes in the history of our planet was the Permian-Triassic extinction catastrophe, sometimes referred to as the Great Dying, which occurred about 252 million years ago. The difference between both the Palaeozoic and Mesozoic eras is symbolised by it. It is still unclear what caused the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Many hypotheses have been put out, including an unidentified asteroid impact, large-scale volcanic eruptions within what is now Siberia, a release of methane from the ocean's depths, sea level change, rising aridity, or a composite of a number of these.Thus, extinction events dominate the definition of the Triassic, but the continents' locations at that time also play a significant role. Pangea was the lone supercontinent that existed.
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