Write down four different covalent compounds that could form, and indicate why they are
covalent based on the electronegativity differences.

The lowest-energy distribution of electrons in the sublevels for an atom of a particular element is called the ground state.

When an atom, molecule, or ion and its electrons are at their lowest potential energy level, they are said to be in the ground state. They are said to be thrilled if their energy level is higher. Excited electrons are those with energies greater than their ground state. When many quantum mechanical states are present at the same energy, these levels are known as degenerate energy levels.

An electron orbit around an atom's nucleus is referred to as an electron shell or energy level in chemistry. This atomic model by Bohr states that the electrons follow a circular path around the nucleus known as an orbit.

The "K shell" is the shell that is closest to the nucleus; it is followed by the "L shell," the "M shell," and so forth as one moves farther from the nucleus. Quantum numbers (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) or alphabets (K, L, M,...) can be used to represent the shells.

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Answer: (0.800g BaCl2) / (208.233g BaCl2/mol) =

0.00384 mol BaCl2

Explanation: Hope this helps :)

The number of moles of anhydrous barium chloride is equal to 3.84 ×10⁻³ mol and the number of moles of water is equal to 7.78 ×10⁻³ mol.

A mole can be described as a standard unit that is used to determine the number of atoms, molecules, ions, or other particular particles in the given mass of the substance. The mass of one mole of any chemical element is known as atomic mass and that of any chemical compound is called the molar mass of that compound.

Given the chemical reaction of decomposition of barium chloride:

[tex]BaCl_2.2H_2O\longrightarrow BaCl_2 +2H_2O[/tex]

Given the mass of the hydrated barium chloride = 0.940 g

The mass of the anhydrous  barium chloride = 0.800 g

The molar mass of the anhydrous barium chloride = 208.23 g/mol

The number of moles (n) of anhydrous barium chloride = 0.800/208.23

n = 3.84 ×10⁻³ mol

The mass of the water = Mass of hydrated barium chloride - anhydrous barium chloride

Mass of water = 0.940 -0.800 = 0.14 g

The number of moles of water = 0.14/18 = 7.78 ×10⁻³ mol

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The anion name for telluric acid is TeO₃²⁻ is tellurite ion

Anion are ion that are negatively charged and ion are charged atom or molecule and if a balanced atom loses one or more electron and it will become positively charged cation and if balanced atom gain one or more electron it will become  negatively charged anion and in the telluric acid means H₆O₆Te and the anion are formed TeO₃²⁻ is called as tellurite ion and telluric acid as tellurium source in the synthesis of oxidation catalyst

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The molarity when a student dissolves of resveratrol in of a solvent with a density of . the student notices that the volume of the solvent does not change when the resveratrol dissolves in it is 0.185 M and 0.3645 g

As we know the formula of Resveratrol

C14H12O3

We know the molar mass is 228 g/mol

Mole of resveratol is 19/228=0.083 g

So, the molarity of the Solution is 0.083/0.45=0.185 L

Now as we know molality mole of the solute mass of solvent

volume of solvent = 450 ml

Molality is the mass of solute upon the mass of solvent

M=0.81X450=0.3645 kg

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6.9×10^23 molecules of oxygen are produced when 43g of h2o decompose.

2H20⇆O2+2H2

given mass,H2O=43 g

molar mass H2O=18 g

moles=given mass/molar mass

moles=43/18

moles=2.3 mol

molecules of oxygen= 2.3/2=1.15 mol

molecules of oxygen=1.15 mol×6.022×10^23

molecules of oxygen=6.9×10^23 molecules.

The non-metallic chemical element oxygen is found in Group 16 of the periodic table, generally known as the oxygen group (O). All living creatures require the colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas known as oxygen. When plants use it as a source of carbon and release the oxygen back into the environment, plants utilise the carbon dioxide that animals have taken up and converted it into.

Oxygen may react with almost every other element to form compounds in addition to reactions that remove elements from their combinations with one another. Combustions are the name for these reactions, which are typically accompanied by the creation of heat and light. The most important component is water.

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Answer:

the correct answer is 5

Explanation:

i just know

The required heat in this case id 68J

Aluminum is an element with the atomic symbol Al, and the atomic number of this element is 13 in the periodic table. Aluminum is weaker than steel, and also it is less dense than steel.

specific heat, is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one  degree celsius. The units of specific heat are usually calories or joules per gram per Celsius degree.

When there is change of heat the expression used will be;

Q = mCΔT

Where m = 5 grams, ΔT = 37[tex]^oC[/tex] - 22[tex]^oC[/tex] ⇒ 15[tex]^oC[/tex], C = 0.900J

Q = 5 × 0.900 × 15

= 68 J

Therefore the required heat in this case is 68J

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Molecular Weight - The grams of solute that are needed is 3.5 g.

What is molecular weight?

The mass of the a given molecule is its molecular mass (m), which is expressed in daltons. Because they contain various isotopes of an element, different molecules of same compound can have distinct molecular masses. According to IUPAC, the related quantity comparative molecular weight is a unitless comparison between the mass of a molecule and the truly united atomic mass unit (also called the dalton).

GIVEN:

c =  Molarity = 0.1 M

M = Molar mass = 350 g/mol

V = Volume of solution = 100 mL = 0.1 L

n = Number of moles

m = Mass of solute

C = n/v

n =0.01 moles

M=m/n

m= 3.5g

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Taking into account definition of percent yield, the percent yield of the reaction is 62.78%.

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

SiO₂(s) + 3 C(s) = SiC(s) + 2 CO(g)

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction.

To determine the limiting reagent, it is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by stoichiometry 44 grams of SiO₂ reacts with 36 grams of C, 50 grams of SiO₂ reacts with how much mass of C?

mass of C= (50 grams of SiO₂×36 grams of C)÷ 44 grams of SiO₂

mass of C= 40.91 grams

But 40.91 grams of C are not available, 40 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 50 grams of SiO₂, C will be the limiting reagent.

The percent yield is the ratio of the actual return to the theoretical return expressed as a percentage.

The percent yield is calculated as the experimental yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%:

percent yield= (actual yield÷ theoretical yield)× 100%

where the theoretical yield is the amount of product acquired through the complete conversion of all reagents in the final product, that is, it is the maximum amount of product that could be formed from the given amounts of reagents.

Considering the limiting reagent, the following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 36 grams of C form 40 grams of SiC, 40 grams of C form how much mass of SiC?

mass of SiC= (40 grams of C×40 grams of SiC) ÷36 grams of C

mass of SiC= 44.44 grams

The theoretical yield of SiC is 44.44 grams.

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the definition of percent yield:

percent yield= (27.9 grams÷ 44.44 grams)× 100%

Solving:

percent yield= 62.78%

Finally, the percent yield is 62.78%.

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No, the experimental mole ratio is exactly the same as the theoretical mole ratio.

A mole ratio is a ratio among the amounts in moles of any compounds worried in a balanced chemical reaction. The stability chemical equation affords a comparison of the ratios of the molecules necessary to finish the response.

The mole ratio is the proportion of the theoretical mole ratio, of moles of any two chemical entities concerned in a compound or a chemical reaction. studying the mole ratio is crucial to calculate the reaction yield, determining the stoichiometry, and screening the response kinetics.

The ratio of moles of 1 substance to the moles of another substance in a balanced equation. To decide the mole ratio between  materials, all you want to do is examine the balanced equation for the coefficients in the front of the materials you are interested in

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The following were the goals of reconstruction is to reincorporate the south into the union, to establish the equality under law for African Americans, and to assist the African Americans in the transition from slavery to freedom.

In the reconstruction the period includes civil war and the southern states defeated confederation. reconstruction was basically period of political crisis . The major drawback is that the African American never be equal on economic equality with the whites.

Thus, The following were the goals of reconstruction is to reincorporate the south into the union, to establish the equality under law for African Americans, and to assist the African Americans in the transition from slavery to freedom.

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61.62 g of precipitate of AgCl is formed after the reaction is complete

As we know the formula :

M = n / V

where

M = Molarity

n= no of moles

V = volume ( in litres)

Concentration of NaCl = 1.527 M = 1.527 mol/L

Volume of NaCl solution = 97.19 ml = 97.19 /1000

= 0.09719 L

Number of moles of NaCl

= 1.527 mol/L × 0.09719 L

= 0.148 mol

Concentration of Ag2SO4 = 1.923M = 1.923 mol/L

Volume of Ag2SO4 solution = 111.84 ml = 111.84/1000

= 0.11184 L

Number of moles of Ag2SO4

= 1.923 mol/L × 0.11184 L

= 0.215 mol

Balanced equation:

Ag2SO4 (aq) + 2 NaCl (aq) -->2 AgCl (s) [precipitate] + Na2SO4 (aq)

1 mol of Ag2SO4 reacts with 2 moles of NaCl produces 2 moles of AgCl,

then 0.215 mols of Ag2SO4 will react with 2 × 0.215 moles = 0.43 moles of NaCl will produce 0.43 moles of AgCl

Molar mass of AgCl = 143.32 g/mol

Mass of precipitate formed = no of moles× molar mass

= 0.43 mol × 143.32 g/mol = 61.62 g

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Heat is the flow of energy caused by a temperature difference

Heat is the energy that is transferred from one body to another as the result of a difference in temprature and if two bodies at different temprature are brought together energy is transferred that is heat flow from the hotter body to the colder and heat is the transfer of thermal energy caused by a differences in temprature and this temprature difference  is also called a temprature gradient and since heat is a movement of energy and it is measured in the same unit as energy in the joules

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A region of a polypeptide that folds in a particular way, relatively independently of the rest of the molecule, is a folding domain.

Thus, the correct option is E.

Domains as known tertiаry structures are the folding of the secondаry structure into distinct аrrаngements. The tertiаry structure of а protein describes the mаnner in which the secondаry structurаl elements аre аrrаnged in three dimensions to creаte а stаble moleculаr entity. In mаny cаses, it is convenient to describe а protein in terms of regions of the polypeptide chаin thаt might fold аutonomously. These regions аre cаlled domаins аnd much of the discussion of tertiаry structure centres on the clаssificаtion of these units of protein structure.

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41.788 mg of sample contains 100 mg, remains after 2000 years when the half-life of radium-226 is 1590 years.

Radium is a radioactive element. All radioactive elements are first order reactions with half-life constants.

For first-order reactions, the half-life is inversely proportional to the rate constant. The formula is:

for first-order reaction

[tex]t_{1/2} = \frac{ln2}{k} \\k = \frac{ln2}{t_{1/2}} \\\\k= \frac{0.693}{1590} \\\\\\k= 0.000436 years[/tex]

Radioactive decay period is:

t = 2.303 × log(a/a-x)/k

Where,

t ⇒ Decay time of radioactive element.

a ⇒ initial amount

a-x ⇒ remainder after t time

k ⇒ rate constant

put the value in formula

t = 2.303 × log(a/a-x)/k

2000 = 2.303 * log(100 / a-x) / 0.000436, so,

log(100 / a-x) = 2000 * 0.000436 / 2.303

                   =0.379

100 / a - x = log 0.379

100/a-x=2.393

a - x = 100 / 2.393

a - x = 41.788 mg

So after 2000 years,  41.788 mg of radium-226 will remain

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Carbon electrodes are changed frequently in electrolysis as the carbon in the carbon electrodes burns to give out Carbon-di-oxide.

Carbon electrodes are used in electrolysis to facilitate the transfer of electrons between the anode and the cathode. The carbon electrode is usually in the form of a rod or plate and is electrically connected to the anode.

The carbon electrode may also be used to help reduce the overall resistance of the electrolytic cell.

Carbon electrodes are used in electrolysis because they are chemically inert and have a high electrical conductivity.

However, carbon electrodes must be changed frequently because they become corroded and lose their electrical conductivity over time.

This is because carbon burns out in the Carbon electrodes to give out Carbon-di-oxide. That is why the carbon anodes should be changed frequently.

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When determining the mass of an atom, scientists disregard electrons is because they are 2000 times smaller than protons and neutrons. They are meaningless in terms of mass.

What is atomic mass?

The ideal definition of atomic mass is 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom in its ground state. The total mass of protons and neutrons, which is almost equal to the atomic mass, can be used to account for the mass of an atom. The loss of binding energy mass is what caused this minor alteration.

1 amu = 1.66 ×10−24 g

When divided by unified atomic weight or Daltons, the atomic weight of an atom is a dimensionless number.

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The relationship between process capability index, Cp and process capability ratio, Cr is given as Cp = 1/Cr.

In statistics, process capability index is used to measure the variations or changes that occur in a process.

In general, the it lies between the specification limits which are also held in check while performing the Process capability index.

As we know that different processes has different optimal situations which help us to contrast the processes and also help us to identify if the obtained results meet our expectations.

Simply put, Process capability index also called process capability ratio is a statistical measurement method to identify the possible variations in a process.

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The coffee's pH will be 10.

What does pH refer to?

because hydrogen ions attach to water molecules for form hydronium ions.

To calculate the pH of a solution, use the equation

pH = − log [H3O+]

Since we are given the hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration of the solution, we can plug this value into the formula.

pH = −log[ 1.00 × 10^−10M]

pH = 10

Hence, The pH of this solution is 10

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Student 1 states that the molecules that are larger in size and are more attracted to the solvent will move further along the TLC plate employing the correct specific reasoning.

Why do some substances move further up the TLC plate than others?

Larger molecules take longer to move up the chromatography paper or TLC plate, whereas smaller molecules are more mobile. Likewise, the polarity of the molecules can affect how far the spots travel, depending on the type of solvent used.

What factor determines which molecules travel further in chromatography?

The stronger a compound is bound to the adsorbent, the slower it moves up the TLC plate. Non-polar compounds move up the plate most rapidly (higher Rf value), whereas polar substances travel up the TLC plate slowly or not at all (lower Rf value).

Thus, the molecules larger in size are more attracted to solvent will move further along the TLC plate is the reason why molecules move further than others in a chromatogram. So, student 1 is the correct option.

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The penny must have changed its color because an oxidation reaction. When we heat some metals, the trnasform into oxides, for exxample Zinc oxide ZnO or CuO.

Moreover, his compounds are colored molecules mostly brown or black colored compounds. First at all when we put the pennies into a acetic acid solution, a redox reaction wiil happen. The acetate is an oxidant  and it will react with the Cu, Zn and Sn to reduce them. for example, if we have ZnSO4 in the plate and it will be heated, the Zn will suffer a redox reaction and will form Zn0. a metalic form. that´s why the color changes.

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The molar concentration of a 600 mL solution that contains 250 grams of iron (II) chloride would be 3.28 M.

The concentration of a solution is the amount of solute present in the solution relative to the volume of the solution. The concentration of solutions can be expressed in different forms. These include:

The molar concentration of a solution refers to the number of moles of solutes per liter of the solution. The mass concentration, on the other hand, refers to the mass of solutes in a solution per liter of the solution.

In this case, we want to find the molar concentration of the iron (II) chloride solution.

The molar mass of the compound is 126.75 g/mol.

Recall that: mole = mass/molar mass

Mole of 250 grams iron (II) chloride = 250/126.75

                                                           = 1.97 moles

Volume of the solution = 600 mL

                                       = 600/1000 liter

                                        = 0.60 liter

Molar concentration of the solution = 1.97/0.60

                                                           = 3.28 mol/liter

In other words, the concentration of the solution is 3.28 M.

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If the pressure of a gas is tripled and the absolute temperature of the gas is quadrupled then volume of the gas change is 4/3

Volume is the space occupied within the boundaries of an object in three dimensional space

Here the relationship between pressure volume and temprature can be expressed as

PV/T

And then

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

So in this case P₁V₁T₁ are equal to 1 and have the pressure triple so that P₂ = 3 and the temprature quadrupled so that T₂ = 4 and then we have to calculate V₂ = ?

(1)(1)/1 = (3)V₂  /4

1 = 3/4 V₂

1(4/3) = (3/4) V₂ 4/3

V₂ = 4/3

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Answer:

4

Explanation:

Having the coefficient 4 in front of HCl and the coefficient 2 in front of H₂O balances out the equation.

The statement which best explains the importance of the blank spaces in Mendeleev’s version of the periodic table of elements is that they predicted the existence of elements that had not yet been discovered.

This is referred to as the tabular arrangement of elements into groups and periods based on their common properties and features. There are 18 groups and seven periods in which elements are grouped under.

Mendeleev intentionally left blank spaces in his working version of the periodic table of elements because he predicted the existence of elements that had not yet been discovered.

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Organic molecules form covalent bonds and inorganic compounds form ionic bonds.

The main interaction in ionic compounds is ionic bonding, a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between two atoms or ions with dramatically different electronegativities.

A chemical link known as a covalent bond includes the sharing of electrons between atoms to generate electron pairs. Covalent bonding is the stable equilibrium of the forces of attraction and repulsion between atoms when they share electrons.

Inorganic compounds have ionic bonds. There is always an ion-dipole attraction when inorganic compounds are combined with water, meaning the ions are solvated (hydrated)

Covalent bonding is frequently seen in molecules containing carbon, usually known as organic compounds. The two atoms' common pair of electrons has now extended around their nucleus, resulting in the formation of a molecule.

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(NH4)2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 → BaSO4 + 2NH4NO3 is  net ionic balanced equations for the reaction that occurs

To balance chemical equations, stoichiometric coefficients for the reactants and products are required. This is important because a chemical equation must follow the rules of conservation of mass and constant proportions, which dictate that the same number of atoms of each element must be avail on two of the reactant and product sides of the equation.

Chemical equations use the relevant chemical formulae to symbolically express the reactants and products of a chemical process. To the left of the sign "," and to the right of the arrow symbol, respectively, is the part of the chemical equation that is on the reactant side.

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Answer: Photon

Explanation:

The electron can reach its ground state level either with one direct jump or with shorter jumps via intermediate levels. If an excited electron emits a photon, the energy hf of that photon equals the energy difference between the initial energy level of the electron and a lower level.

An atom of Fluorine  element has the strongest attraction for the electrons in a bond.

One of the most important properties of electrons is their mutual Coulomb repulsion. As electrons are negatively charged species we know that they will be attracted to the nucleus. We know that these electrons moved in their fixed energy levels called as the orvbitals ,which in turn decides the size of an atom as well.

In the periodic table as we move from left to right in the periodic table we see that the even though the number of electrons are increasing, but the size of the atoms will decrease. This happens because for each atom when the upcoming electrons are added they get added to the same shell . Due to this the nucleus will attract these electrons towards itself.

This is the main reason why from left to right in the periodic table the size of the atoms decreases, so it means smaller the size greater will the attraction faced by the electrons . Since Fluorine is the element present on the right most corner of the periodic table, it has the strongest attraction faced due to its smaller size.

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