how might rising atmospheric co2 concentrations lower the ph of the oceans?

Element “X” belongs to family 2A, meaning it is part of the family that includes elements such as Be and Mg. These elements will all have 2 valence electrons and can be represented by the following Lewis diagram:

Element “Y” belongs to family 5A, meaning it is part of the family of elements that includes elements such as N and P. These elements will all have 5 valence electrons and can be represented by the following Lewis diagram:

Atoms from these two families will usually react with each other by losing or gaining valence electrons to create stable ions (an ion is what we call an atom/particle that has a charge). These stable ions form by the atoms either losing or gaining electrons until they have the same number of valence electrons as the nearest Noble Gas. This means that each ion will have a full valence shell (usually consisting of 8 electrons), often referred to as a “stable octet”, and this process of creating stable ions is often called the “octet rule”.

Atoms with fewer that 4 valence electrons will normally have a weak hold on their valence electrons and will tend to lose their valence electrons when forming ions.

Atoms with 4 or more valence electrons will normally have a strong hold on their valence electrons and will tend to gain electrons when forming ions.

The charge on the ion arises from the fact that, initially, the atom is electrically neutral because it has the same number of electrons (negative charges) as protons (positive charges). By losing electrons, the atom will end up with more protons (positive charges) than electrons (negative charges) and will form an ion with an overall positive charge. By gaining electrons, the atom will end up with more negative electrons than positive protons becoming an ion with an overall negative charge.

So, an atom of element “X”, with only 2 valence electrons, must lose its 2 valence electrons (which will be gained by element “Y”) to form a stable ion with a 2+ charge (losing two electrons leaves the ion with 2 more positive charges (protons) than negative charges, so a net charge of 2+).

An atom of element “Y”, with 5 valence electrons, must gain 3 electrons (from element “X”) to form a stable ion with a 3- charge (gains 3 extra negative charges).

We can show this process using Lewis diagrams:

From this set of diagrams you can see that in order to create stable ions of both “X” and “Y” we need these atoms to react with each other in a 3:2 ratio (we need 3 atoms of X for every 2 atoms of Y). This means that the resulting chemical formula of the compound will be:

Now, we will look at a short cut that can help you figure this out without having to draw Lewis diagrams.

Compounds are electrically neutral, meaning they must contain equal numbers of positive and negative charges. For compounds consisting of oppositely charged ions, this means that the total charge of the negative ions must be equal to the total charge of the positive ions. In other words the ions must combine in a ratio that makes their charges add to zero.

If we look at the compound we just made, X3Y2, we can confirm this:

So, now you can you predict the formula of simple ionic compounds:

from the family of elements, determine the number of valence electrons each element has

determine the charge of the ions that each atom will form using the octet rule (or look on the periodic table, most will tell you the stable ionic charges that each element can form)

determine the ratio of positive ions to negative ions that results in an overall charge of zero

Example,

What is the formula of a compound produced when an element from family 3A combines with an element from family 7A?

Answer:

Start with the number of grams of each element, given in the problem. the mass of each element = the percent given. Convert the mass of each element to moles using the molar mass from the periodic table. Divide each mole value by the smallest number of moles calculated.

Answer:

A. prokaryotic cell

Explanation:

We can easily identify the diagram as prokaryotic cell by the capsule shown. These organisms mostly have capsules.

The none communicable disease in the given option is diabetes

A communicable disease is a type of disease that can be spread from one person to another.

Examples of communicable diseases include;

Thus, the none communicable disease in the given option is diabetes.

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Answer:

Depending on the deformity it will depend on the amount of the ice that is melted,it the majority is melted that is relevant to the heated liquid melting the ice,so yes only the water formalities of the melted ice.

Answer:

i got 35 but i am as lost as you are so don't really take my answer as a trusted answer

The grams of solute are required.

The mass of solute is 3.5 g

c =  Molarity = 0.1 M

M = Molar mass = 350 g/mol

V = Volume of solution = 100 mL = 0.1 L

n = Number of moles

m = Mass of solute

Molarity is given by

[tex]c=\dfrac{n}{V}\\\Rightarrow n=cV\\\Rightarrow n=0.1\times 0.1\\\Rightarrow n=0.01\ \text{moles}[/tex]

Molar mass is given by

[tex]M=\dfrac{m}{n}\\\Rightarrow m=Mn\\\Rightarrow m=350\times 0.01\\\Rightarrow m=3.5\ \text{g}[/tex]

The mass of solute is 3.5 g

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Answer:

There are 13 core electrons in a sodium atom.

Answer:

B and D.

Explanation:

Matter takes up space and has mass.

Answer:

B and D

Explanation:

It is because matter is anything that has mass (weight) and can occupy space

Answer: 15.99 x2g

Explanation:

The molality of the solution is 1.4 moles per kilogram (molal).

The molality of the solution is equal to the number of moles of sugar (solute) divided by the number of kilograms of water (solvent). Hence, the molality is determined below:

[tex]m = \frac{3.5\,mol}{2.5\,kg}[/tex]

[tex]m = 1.4\,\frac{mol}{kg}[/tex]

The molality of the solution is 1.4 moles per kilogram (molal).

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Considering the definition of STP conditions, 28 grams of O₂ will ocupy at STP 19.6 L.

The STP conditions refer to the standard temperature and pressure. Pressure values at 1 atmosphere and temperature at 0 ° C are used and are reference values for gases. And in these conditions 1 mole of any gas occupies an approximate volume of 22.4 liters.

On the other side, the molar mass of substance is a property defined as its mass per unit quantity of substance, in other words, molar mass is the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole.

In this case, you  have 28 g of O₂. The molar mass es 32 [tex]\frac{g}{mole}[/tex]

Next, you can apply the following rule of three: if 32 grams of the compound are contained in 1 mole, 28 grams are contained in how many moles?

[tex]number of moles=\frac{28 gramsx1 mole}{32 grams}[/tex]

number of moles= 0.875 moles

Now, you can apply the following rule of three: if by definition of STP conditions 1 mole of O₂ occupies a volume of 22.4 liters, 0.875 moles occupies how much volume?

[tex]volume=\frac{0.875 molesx22.4 L}{1 mole}[/tex]

volume= 19.6 L

Finally, 28 grams of O₂ will ocupy at STP 19.6 L.

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Answer:

A tall and narrow A tall and narrow

Explanation:

Answer:

A. Tall and Narrow

Explanation:

The frequency of a wave is inversely proportional to its wavelength. That means that waves with a high frequency have a short wavelength, while waves with a low frequency have a longer wavelength. But high amplitude waves tend to be short spent and tall narrow linings.

Answer :

C4H4S and C8H8S2

Answer:

16

Explanation:

40 - 24  16

Hello!

Answer:

Gravity

Explanation:

It can settle down and separate over time due to gravity.

Hope this helps! Have a great day!

Answer:

A. A random amount of light was released

Explanation:

A random amount of light was released. Hence, option A is correct.

An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle. It can be either free (not attached to any atom) or bound to the nucleus of an atom. Electrons in atoms exist in spherical shells of various radii, representing energy levels. The charge on a single electron is considered the unit electrical charge.

Electrons are sub-atomic particles that occupy energy levels in an atom of any chemical element. These electrons may move from one energy level to another.

Electrons may move from a lower energy level or ground state to an excited state or high energy level, or else move from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.

When an electron moves from a lower energy level to a higher energy level energy is absorbed by the atom, and when the movement is from a higher energy level to lower energy is released mainly as light.

Hence, option A is correct.

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Answer: 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H22Al+6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Explanation:

Answer:

Human activities are responsible for almost all of the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere over the last 150 years. The largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities in the United States is from burning fossil fuels for electricity, heat, and transportation.

Answer:

Movement in narrow zones along plate boundaries causes most earthquakes. Most seismic activity occurs at three types of plate boundaries—divergent, convergent, and transform. As the plates move past each other, they sometimes get caught and pressure builds up.

Explanation:

Answer:

Deposition is the laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice. Sediment can be transported as pebbles, sand and mud, or as salts dissolved in water.

Answer: Lactate!

Explanation:Hope this helps!!!

Answer:

The conservation and restoration of cultural property focuses on protection and care of cultural property, including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections. Conservation activities include preventive conservation, examination, documentation, research, treatment, and education

Explanation:

this is the correct answer

Because they have the ability to supply exactly two protons.

Hope this helps!

A diprotic acid dissociates in a step wise manner as it has two protons and it looses one proton each in each dissociation step.

Acids are defined as substances which on dissociation yield H+ ions , and these substances are sour in taste. Compounds HCl, H₂SO₄ and HNO₃ are acids as they yield H+ ions on dissociation.

According to the number of H+ ions which are generated on dissociation acids are classified as mono-protic , di-protic ,tri-protic and polyprotic  acids  depending on the number of protons which are liberated on dissociation.

Acids are widely used in industries  for  production of fertilizers, detergents  batteries and dyes.They are used in chemical industries for production of chemical compounds like salts which are produced by neutralization reactions.

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Answer:

C18H32O2

Explanation:

This is it, i hope it helps Good luck.

Answer:

5.23 moles

Explanation:

How many moles of iron are present in 3.15 × 10^24 atoms of iron?

1 mole has 6.02 X 10^23 particles

so

3.15X10^ 24 atoms =( 3.15 X 10^24)/(6.02 X 10^23) =(3.15/6.02 )X 10 =

5.23 moles

Answer:

A=50

B=13

C=3

D=2

E=0

Explanation:

Answer:

[tex] \tiny \tt \: [/tex]

Suspension